Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
800-900 BC Scandinavian vikings establish forts in Ukraine and Novgrood 1547 - Ivan IV is crowned the first czar of Russia 1689-1725 Czar Peter the Great lays the foundation for the Russian Empire 1855-1881 Dusing his reign, Czar Alexander II frees the peasant farmers 1898 - The Russian Social Democratic Labor Party was established by the Marxists 1903 Lenin becomes the leader of the Russian communist party 1917- Russian Revolution- Vlamir Lenin and Leon Trotsky take control of the government. Czar Nicholas II and his family are executed 1922 Russia becomes a part of the USSR 1924-1953 Joseph Stalin turns the USSR into an industrial and military power (industrialization and collectivization) 1948 The Cold was between the US and the USSR 1961 - Cosmonaut Yuri.A.Gagarin becomes the first man in space 1985-1991 Mikhail Gorbachev resurrects the government. The USSR collapsed 1991 Boris Yeltsin is elected the President 1999 Yeltsin resigns and Vlamdimir Putin becomes his successor 2010 US President Barack Obama and Russian President Dimitry Medvedev agree to reduce nuclear weapons
GEOGRAPHY
Area : 17,075,200 km Border Countries : Azerbaijan, Belarus, China, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Kazakhastan, Latvia, Mangolia, North Korea, Norway, Ukraine, Lithuania, Poland
DEMOGRAPHICS
Population: 143,400,000 Population growth rate: .23% Life Expectancy: Total : 70.3 years Male : 64.3 years Female : 76.1 years Birth rate : 13.3births / 1000 population Death rate : 13.3 deaths / 1000 population Gender ratio : 0.86 male / female Net migration ratio : 2.24 migrants / 1000 population
CULTURE
160 ethnic groups speak 100 languages- Russian, Tatar and Ukrainian Russian is one of the 6 official languages of the United Nations Folk music and Russian ballet Wedding toast and broken glass Architecture Religion- Russian Orthodox Rozhdestvo- January 7 & Victory day- May 9 Media: One of the first countries to introduce radio and television Highest number of TV broadcast stations and repeaters Sports: Ice hockey, Basketball, Tennis, Gymnastics Vodka
BUSINESS CULTURE
Collectivism Egalitarianism Russians are transactional Persistence & Patience Russians do not trust people who are all business Svyasi Attitude to time Attention to dress code
INNOVATION
Dmitry Mendelev- Periodic table Nikolay Benardos- Arc welding Pave Yablochkov and Alexander Lodygin- Electric lamps Alexander Popov- Radio Nikolai Basov and Alexander Prokhorov- Laser Andrei Sakharov and Lev Artsimovich - controlled nuclear fusion SPACE TECHNOLOGY: Soviet space program Nuclear technology Aircraft production Arms industry
TRANSPORT
4800 miles of transportation web Export of transportation services- $80 Billion Worlds second largest railway network. 2.5% of National GDP High speed trains connecting St. Petersburg, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorood and Finland 250 Kmph Trans-siberian railway 9300 Km Under developed road system: Highest number of road accident deaths per million population among G8 and BRIC countries Lowest road density among G8 and BRIC countries 271 motor vehicles per 1000 people compared to 797 of USA Airlines are responsible for one fifth of all passenger movement
ECONOMY
Russia has a market economy with enormous natural resources, particularly oil and natural gas and 2nd Largest Coal Reserve It is the 8th largest economy in the world by nominal GDP and the 6th largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). GDP growth rate of 3.4%. It is the 2nd largest Arms Exporter in the world.
ECONOMIC HISTORY
Soviet economy was in decline since 1970s
TODAYS SCENARIO
GDP: 2.015 trillion(2012) (PPP = $2.513 trillion) GDP growth rate:3.9%(2011) Gini coefficient measure of inequality: 42.2 (US = 45) Inflation of about 6% in 2012 GDP per capita (PPP) is only $ 17698 and GDP per capita(Nominal) $ 14,247.
GDP Growth
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
COLLAPSE OF USSR
Independence of the USSR's republics on 26 December 1991 In 1991 the USSR stopped existence. The Yeltsin government dissolved the USSR. Yeltsin made many economic reforms: privatization macroeconomic stabilization
POLITICAL STRUCTURE
President
Vladimir Putin
Prime Minister
Dmitry Medvedev
Legislative
Federal Government
Executive
Judiciary
FINANCIAL CRISIS
1998 Financial Crisis
1. Declining productivity 2. An artificially high fixed exchange rate 3. The economic cost of the first war in Chechnya, estimated at $5.5 billion Asian financial crisis (1997) Inflation in 1998 reached 84 percent Prices for almost all Russian food items had gone up by almost 100%
Government Intervention
Refinancing foreign capital Tax and state budget policy Corporate governance International cooperation
Russia & US
Signed bilateral market access deal in 2004. US Russia Agreement on trade relations
Business Facilitation Financial Provisions Intellectual Property Market Disruption Safeguards Dispute Settlement Lend Lease
Russia & EU
Trade Partnership and Co-operation Agreement
PESTEL ANALYSIS
POLITICS :
Strong political presence in Eurasia. Good diplomatic relations with China Economic Change in attitude towards US. In July 2009, President Medvedev and Barack Obama reached an agreement to cut back their countries' stockpiles of nuclear weapons. Russia also supported the US decision to shelve controversial missile defense bases in Poland and the Czech Republic. Bilateral agreements with a large number of countries in the last 4 years.
SOCIAL :
Income inequality. Against austerity. Affluent population growing at 30-40%. Frequent social unrests. Highly skilled workforce. Low life expectancy-59 yrs. Ethnic issues-10 mn illegal immigrants.
TECHNOLOGY:
Space technology-11 bn $ in the next 6 yrs. IT- fastest growing sector in Central & East European region. Strong industrial sector- energy/nuclear super power Scientific think-tank : powerful research. Skolkovo-Russian silicon valley-innovation hub.
ECONOMICS :
Investment on strategic sectors. Rich in natural resource- petroleum , natural gas & gold. Heavily dependent on export of oil & gas. Highly dependent on food imports-unfavourable climatic conditions. Large GDP. High inflation. Volatile Currency.
LEGAL :
Reforms in judicial system. Poor anti corruption laws.
ENVIRONMENT :
High pollution levels. Harsh climatic conditions. Lack of awareness on issues like global warming. Nuclear waste deposits in Siberia. Longest coast line;largest surface water resource
BUSINESS CLIMATE
Property Licensing SEZ SME support Legal system People Language Education Modernization Innovation
STARTING A BUSINESS
STARTING A BUSINESS
INVESTMENT POLICIES
Foreign Direct Investment in Russia is increasing However, Russian legislation limits the activities of non-Russian investors in companies that are of strategic value to Russia
SPENDING
Russia
India
USA
OPERATION CHALLENGES
Cons
One of the Largest Consumer Markets
4th largest market in Europe Over 140 million consumers with increasing incomes
Regional Segmentation
Local legal and tax regulations Duties exist between regional borders Maintain local brand bias Cultures are vastly different between regions
Few Suppliers
Quality may suffer due to lack of competition, and who you know may be the deciding factor to your success
THANK YOU!!