VoIP Signaling and Call Control

Cisco Networking Academy Program

IP Telephony

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Need for Signaling and Call Control

IP Telephony

2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Model for VoIP Signaling and Call Control

VoIP signaling components
Endpoints

Common control Common control components

Call administration Accounting

IP Telephony

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Call Control Models

H.323 SIP MGCP H.248/Megaco protocol SAP RTSP Cisco CallManager

IP Telephony

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Translation Between Signaling and Call Control

IP Telephony

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RTP Sessions

IP Telephony

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Call Feature Negotiation

IP Telephony

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Call Administration and Accounting

Administration
Monitors call activity Monitors resource utilization Supports user service requests

Accounting
Maintains call detail records

IP Telephony

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Call Status

IP Telephony

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Address Registration

IP Telephony

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Address Resolution

IP Telephony

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Admission Control

IP Telephony

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Centralized Call Control

IP Telephony

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Distributed Call Control

IP Telephony

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Centralized Call Control vs. Distributed Call Control

IP Telephony

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Configuring H.323

IP Telephony

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H.323 and Associated Recommendations

IP Telephony

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H.323 Adapted to IP

IP Telephony

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H.323 Terminals

IP Telephony

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H.323 Gateways

IP Telephony

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IP-to-IP Gateways

IP Telephony

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H.323 Gatekeepers

IP Telephony

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Multipoint Conference Components

IP Telephony

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Component Relationships for Call Establishment and Management

Endpoint (gateway) to endpoint (gateway) Endpoint (gateway) to gatekeeper Gatekeeper to gatekeeper

IP Telephony

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RAS Messages

IP Telephony

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H.323 Basic Call Setup

IP Telephony

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H.323 Fast Connect Call Setup

IP Telephony

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Finding and Registering with a Gatekeeper

IP Telephony

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Call Flow with a Gatekeeper

IP Telephony

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Gatekeeper-Routed Call Signaling

IP Telephony

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Multipoint Conferences

IP Telephony

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Scalability with Multiple Gatekeepers

IP Telephony

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Call Flow with Multiple Gatekeepers

IP Telephony

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Survivability Strategies
H.323 replication strategies include the following:
HSRP

Gateway preconfigured for two gatekeepers or for multicast discovery

Multiple gatekeepers configured for the same prefix Multiple gateways configured for the same prefix

IP Telephony

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H.323 Proxy Server

IP Telephony

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Cisco Implementation of H.323

IP Telephony

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Configuration Example

IP Telephony

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Configuring the Gateways

Gateway 1

IP Telephony

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Configuring the Gateways (Cont.)

Gateway 2

IP Telephony

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Configuring the Gatekeepers

Gatekeeper 1

IP Telephony

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Configuring the Gatekeepers (Cont.)

Gatekeeper 2

IP Telephony

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Example: show Command

IP Telephony

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Configuring MGCP

IP Telephony

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MGCP and Associated Standards

MGCP is defined in RFC 2705, October 1999 MGCP architecture and requirements are defined in RFC 2805, April 2000

Centralized device control with simple endpoints for basic and enhanced telephony services
Allows remote control of various devices Stimulus protocol Endpoints and gateways cannot function alone

Uses IETF SDP Addressing by E.164 telephone number

IP Telephony

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MGCP Components

IP Telephony

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Endpoints
Eight types of endpoints are defined in RFC 2705:
Digital channel Analog line Announcement server access point IVR access point Conference bridge access point Packet relay Wiretap access point ATM trunk side interface
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Endpoint Identifiers

IP Telephony

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Gateways and Their Roles

Trunk gateway SS7 ISUP Trunk gateway MF NAS Combined NAS/VoIP gateway Access gateway

Residential gateway
Announcement servers

IP Telephony

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Call Agents

IP Telephony

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Basic MGCP Concepts

Calls and connections Events and signals Packages and digit maps

IP Telephony

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Calls and Connections

IP Telephony

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Multipoint Calls

IP Telephony

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Events and Signals

Events:
Continuity detection (as a result of a continuity test)

Continuity tone
DTMF digits Fax tones

Hookflash
Modem tones Off-hook transition On-hook transition
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Events and Signals (Cont.)

Signals:
Answer tone Busy tone Call waiting tone Confirm tone Continuity test Continuity tone Dial tone Distinctive ringing (07) DTMF tones Intercept tone Network congestion tone Off-hook warning tone Preemption tone Ringback tone Ringing

IP Telephony

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Packages
Basic packages (generic media, DTMF, MF, trunk, line, handset, RTP, NAS, announcement server, script)

CAS packages (RFC 3064)

Business telephone packages (RFC 3149)

IP Telephony

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Gateways and Their Packages

IP Telephony

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Digit Maps

IP Telephony

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Control Commands
EndpointConfiguration (EPCF) NotificationRequest (RQNT) Notify (NTFY) CreateConnection (CRCX) ModifyConnection (MDCX)

DeleteConnection (DLCX)
AuditEndPoint (AUEP) AuditConnection (AUCX)

RestartInProgress (RSIP)
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Call Flows

IP Telephony

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Survivability Strategies

IP Telephony

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Cisco Implementation of MGCP

IP Telephony

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Understanding Basics of Cisco CallManager

Basic CallManager Configuration for MGCP Gateway Support:

1. Create an MGCP Gateway 2. Configure the FX Ports 3. Test the Phones for Local Connectivity
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Cisco CallManager Implementation and Call FlowsRegistration

IP Telephony

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63

Cisco Call Manager Implementation and Call FlowsFXS Call Flow

IP Telephony

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Configuring an MGCP Residential Gateway

ccm-manager mgcp ! mgcp mgcp call-agent 172.20.5.20 ! voice-port 1/0/0 ! voice-port 1/0/1 ! dial-peer voice 1 pots application MGCPAPP port 1/0/0 ! dial-peer voice 2 pots application MGCPAPP port 1/0/1 !

IP Telephony

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Configuring an MGCP Trunk Gateway

! ccm-manager-mgcp mgcp 4000 mgcp call-agent 209.165.202.129 4000 ! controller T1 1/0 framing esf clock source internal ds0-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type none service mgcp ! controller T1 1/1 framing esf clock source internal ds0-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type none service mgcp ! voice-port 1/0:1 ! voice-port 1/1:1 !

IP Telephony

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Example: show Command

Router# show mgcp statistics UDP pkts rx 8, tx 9 Unrecognized rx pkts 0, MGCP message parsing errors 0 Duplicate MGCP ack tx 0, Invalid versions count 0 CreateConn rx 4, successful 0, failed 0 DeleteConn rx 2, successful 2, failed 0 ModifyConn rx 4, successful 4, failed 0 DeleteConn tx 0, successful 0, failed 0 NotifyRequest rx 0, successful 4, failed 0 AuditConnection rx 0, successful 0, failed 0 AuditEndpoint rx 0, successful 0, failed 0 RestartInProgress tx 1, successful 1, failed 0 Notify tx 0, successful 0, failed 0 ACK tx 8, NACK tx 0 ACK rx 0, NACK rx 0 IP address based Call Agents statistics: IP address 10.24.167.3, Total msg rx 8, successful 8, failed 0

IP Telephony

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IP Telephony

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