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 A WBS is a logical, hierarchical tree of all the tasks

needed to complete a project. Three layers Managing folders in computer

WBS for an A/C Project

Importance of WBS
If I could wish but one thing for every project, it would be a comprehensive and detailed WBS. The lack of a good WBS probably results in more inefficiency, schedule slippage and cost overruns on projects than any other single cause. When a consultant is brought in to perform the role of project doctor, invariably there has been no WBS developed. No one knows what work has been done, nor what work remains to be done. The first thing to do is assemble the planning team and teach them how to create a WBS. (Devaux, 1999)

Logical Interfacing
Every piece put in its right place and with no piece

missing. For right place.. Identification numbers, codes, or addresses For minimizing risk of omission.. checklists

Example
Childaire (fictitious) children charity NGO
Essential air travel for children $2 million

Appoint PM
Design WBS Four different senior managers

Childaire

Airport Development Project

A Large Public Event Project: Inaugural Celebration Ceremony for An International Airport

Coding System
Every project task is given a name or descriptive title

which must be augmented by a specific code A code may be a sequence of alphabetic characters, a set of numerical digits or some of these two (Alphanumeric code)

Examples
BMW 3 series vs BMS 5 series
Airbus. A3nn Boeing. 7n7-xxx

Two 7s mean???
N mean??? 767-300 is a particular variant of the Boeing 767 Last two zeros may be replaced with the digits to

identify a particular customer

Compatibility of Codes with other Systems

A code is a short and precise method of conveying

essential data about an item. An item might be anything from the whole project to the smallest part of it, physical or abstract. Each item has costs that must be estimated, budgeted, spent, measured, reported, assessed and recovered.

Coded WBS for an Avionics Project

Project identifier 110-0000
Item identifier

transformer 110-2210 Relationship within the project (110 for project 221 transformer) Operation identifier (110-2210C coil winding) Identifiers for department, discipline or trade and labor grade (110-2210-153)

WBS and Coding

Project Organization

Project Organization
To achieve best results
Complex task require more cooperation Implementation of project teams within organizations

are generally challenging as well as dangerous Maximum degree of freedom Avoid havoc

Project organization and Responsibilities

1) defining how a project organization is embedded

within the parent organization 2) defining how the organization is structured internally within the project team

Project Sponsor
Manager or executive
Not directly involved Delegate authority to PM but can over see

Frequent contact with PM

Can also chair steering committee, approve final

deliverables and communicate with external stake holders

Steering Committee
Group of senior members
Budget approval authority Highest authority to resolve issues or disputes

Can approve or reject changes

Has to assess project progress and report to senior

management Regular reviews of plans and status reports

Advisory Committee
Key project stake holders
Generally senior managers Cannot make decisions regarding a project

Project Manager

Naturally the key person Responsible for project requirements Report to steering committee Supervision and guidance Regular project status reports to steering committee Chair risk Attend steering committee meetings Execute project management process Ensure project plan, schedule and budget are up-todate

Team Leader
Responsible for managing one part of project
Ideally has project management skills as well as HRM Sub team deliverables, sub team meetings and status

reports

Team Member
Person assigned to a team who is responsible for

performing a clearly defined part of the project activities

Organizational Models
Two models
1) Pure line organization 2) Project organization

3) Hybrid

Pure Line Organization

Advantages

Disadvantages

Project Organization

Advantages

Disadvantages

Matrix/Hybrid Organizations

Advantages

Disadvantages

Choosing the Project Organization