Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Objects
master Characteristics of nursing profession; comprehend Florence Nightingales deeds and her Contributions to nursing science; Concept and Dimensions of Nursing understand Historical Perspectives of Nursing
Introductions
Nursing began as a desire to keep people healthy and to provide comfort and assurance to the sick. Although the general goals of nursing have remained relatively the same over the centuries, ever-advancing science and the changing of societys needs have deeply influenced the practice of nursing.
Stages of Nursing
Nursing from Ancient times to the nineteenth century Early Civilization Christianity Middle Ages Fifteenth to Nineteenth Century
Early Civilization
Egyptian physicians are believed to have specialized in certain diseases (such as internal diseases, fractured bones, and wounds). They also hired women, later known as midwives, to assist with childbirth. These women were the first records nurses.
Early Civilization
Greece The Greeks believed in Apollo, the Greek god of healing and prayed to him for magic cures for their illness. 400 B.C., the famous Greek physician Hippocrates believed that disease had natural, not magical, causes.
Early Civilization
Roman Empire After 300 B.C., early physicians built on the groundwork of their Egyptian and Greek predecessors. The Romans are best known for advances in the health of the public.
Early Civilization
India In ancient India, early hospitals were staffed by male nurses who were required to meet four qualifications: knowledge of the manner in which drugs should be prepared for administration, cleverness, devotedness to the patient, and purity of mind and body.
Christianity
With the beginning of Christianity, nursing began to have a formal and more clearly defined role. Led by the belief that love and caring for others were important, women made the first visits to sick people, male gave nursing care and buried the dead. Nursing became a respected vocation.
Middle Ages
More hospitals were built. Nurses delivered custodial care and depended on physicians for direction. Nurse midwifery, as one of the oldest nursing roles, flourished. Much nursing care was provided by monks and nuns, which was segregated by sex.
Stages of Nursing
Development of modern nursing In the early twentieth century, a movement toward a scientific, research-based defined body of nursing knowledge and practice was seen;
Stages of Nursing
Development of modern nursing Nursing Education: in 1923, the Rockefeller Foundation funded a survey on nursing education, which recommended that nursing schools be independent of hospital and on a college level; in 1924, one of the schools of nursing was set up at Yale University;
Stages of Nursing
Development of modern nursing Nursing practice: by 1920s, nursing specialization was developing; the concept of the clinical nurse specialist arose; from period of Nightingale, the system of nursing management has been improving.
Nursing in China
Ancient nursing practice the concept of holism; care on the basis of differential diagnosis; From the middle period of 19th century to the middle of the 20th century During the latter half the 20th century
Concept of Nursing
3 stages of the concept of nursing: disease centered, patient centered and human health centered International Council of Nurses, in 1973, nursing is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery , preventing disease or peaceful death.
Concept of Nursing
The American Nurses Association, in 1980, nursing is the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems.
Tasks of Nursing
Relieving pains Maintaining health Restoring health Promoting health and wellness
Characteristics of a Profession
Has practitioners who are motivated by altruism Can be taught through a process of professional education. Is basically intellectual (as opposed to physical). Improves its techniques by the use of scientific method. Functions autonomously.
Case management
Functional nursing
Orders, Fundamental nursing
Nursing in groups
Group A Group B