Unit III

SRM

Introduction of SRM :
The reluctance motor is an electric motor in which torque is produced by the tendency of its moveable part to move to a position where the inductance of the excited winding is maximized.

Principle of SRM
SRM develops torque through an interaction between the electromagnet excitation from the stator poles and the rotor teeth, once a particular combination of phase comment is established and maintained in the stator, the rotor pole will be alignment with the stator pole in that particular position.
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Basic structure of SRM

Stator pole

Rotor pole

When one stator phase is energized, its stator pole pair attracts the closest rotor pole pair into alignment producing torque. By the consecutive energization of successive phases, continuous rotation in either direction is possible.

The direction of rotation of motor depends upon the sequence of switching the stator windings.

Construction of SRM

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SRM

OPERATION PRINCIPLE

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OPERATION PRINCIPLE cont..

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OPERATION PRINCIPLE cont..

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Torque and Inductance

plot

Aligned position

Unaligned Position

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When one stator phase is energized, the stator pole pair attracts the closest rotor pole pair into the field. Torque produced on the basis of varying reluctance along the magnetic circuit.

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When one stator phase is energized, the stator pole pair attracts the closest rotor pole pair into the field. Torque produced on the basis of varying reluctance along the magnetic circuit.

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T=1/2 { i2(dL/d)}
L- inductance -rotor angular position i- current T- torque
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Torque ripple pulsations are most significant at the commutation instants when torque production mechanism is being transferred from one active phase to another. %Ripple factor = Tmax -Tmin* 100 Tavg
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Geometry Switching devices in the input side

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Conventional type24/18-pole

BS=6.9,br=7.4

24/18 POLE ANIMATED SRM

BS=6.9,br=7.4

ADVANTAGES

The rotor does not have any windings. Its strong and rugged construction It provides high reliability, wide-speed range at constant power.
DISADVANTAGES

Doubly-salient structure causes vibration and acoustic noise. High torque-ripple

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Possible Research Potential in SRM

Reducing vibration and noise. 2. Diminishing the torque ripples and Improvising the torque output. 3. Geometrical variations to reduce weight. 4. DSP based power converter for SRM reducing torque ripples .
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POWER CONVERTER CIRCUIT

Application Converter design Cost of drive Basic requirement Freewheel chopping period Demagnetizing energy back to supply

TYPE OF CONVERTERS
Classic converter. n+1 power converter. Phase winding converter. Spilit power converter. Dump c Converter.

Classic converter.

Performance of CC
ADVANDAGE : 1. Control of each phase is completely independent of the other source 2. Switching losses less 3. The energy from the off going phase is feed back to the source, which result in useful utilization of the energy .

Performance of CC
Disadvantage:

Higher no of switches required in each phase which makes the converter expensive and used for low voltage regulation .

n+1 POWER CONVERTER.

Performance of CC
Advantage : The converter used lower number of switching devices, so less cost 2. the converter is able to free wheel during the chopping ,thus reducing the switching frequency and losses . 3. Voltage rating of all switching devices and the diode are low . High torque ripple during de.. And mag.
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Split power converter.

Performance of SPLIT C
Lower no switching devices Fast demagnetizing of phase during commutation

It is not feasible for low voltage application

DUMP C CONVERTER.

Current Control Schemes

Based on current control 1. Hysteresis type current regulator 2. PWM type current regulator

HYSTERESIS TYPE CURRENT REGULATOR

PWM type current regulator

Computer Based Control Of SRM

ADVANTAGES

The rotor does not have any windings. Its strong and rugged construction It provides high reliability, wide-speed range at constant power.
DISADVANTAGES

Doubly-salient structure causes vibration and acoustic noise. High torque-ripple

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