FIRST AID HEAD INJURY

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What Do you Know About Head Injury????????

Head injury is a broad term that describes a vast array of injuries that occur to the scalp, skull, brain, and underlying tissue and blood vessels in the head. Head injuries are also commonly referred to as brain injury, or traumatic brain injury (TBI), depending on the extent of the head trauma.

KINDS OF HEAD INJURY

Open Head Injury

Closed Head Injury

SYMPTOM OF HEAD INJURY

Altered

consciousness Skull deformities Clear fluid from the ears or nose Black eyes and bruised skin behind the ears Vision changes Nausea and vomiting

CAUSES OF HEAD INJURY

Motor vehicle traffic collisions, Home and occupational accidents , falls, and assaults. Wilson's disease has also been indicative of head injury.

According to the United States CDC, 32% of traumatic brain injuries are caused by falls, 10% by assaults, 16.5% by being struck or against something, 17% by motor vehicle accidents, 21% by other/unknown ways. In addition, the highest rate of injury is among children ages 014 and adults age 65 and older.

FIRST AID FOR HEAD INJURY

Get medical help right away if the person: Becomes very sleepy Behaves abnormally Develops a severe headache or stiff neck Has pupils (the dark central part of the eye) of unequal sizes Is unable to move an arm or leg Loses consciousness, even briefly Vomits more than once

For a moderate to severe head injury, take the following steps: Call 911 right away. Check the person's airway, breathing, and circulation. If necessary, begin rescue breathing and CPR. If the person's breathing and heart rate are normal but the person is unconscious, treat as if there is a spinal injury. Stabilize the head and neck by placing your hands on both sides of the person's head.

 Stop

any bleeding by firmly pressing a clean cloth on the wound.

If you suspect a skull fracture, do not apply direct pressure to the bleeding site, and do not remove any debris from the wound. Cover the wound with sterile gauze dressing. If the person is vomiting, to prevent choking, roll the person's head, neck, and body as one unit onto his or her side. This still protects the spine. Children often vomit once after a head injury. This may not be a problem, but call a doctor for further guidance. Apply ice packs to swollen areas.

When to Contact a Medical Professional Call 911 right away if: There is severe head or face bleeding The person is confused, tired, or unconscious The person stops breathing You suspect a serious head or neck injury, or the person develops any signs or symptoms of a serious head injury