UTRAN NETWORK DESIGN

UMTS
UTRAN

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UMTS
UMTS UMTS(TRAFFIC) UMTS

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UMTS
4 classes of services 9 Model of applications
Background
E-mail Basic browsing

Interactive
Mobile office internet Info Service & ECommerce

Streaming
Video Streaming Audio Streaming

Conversational
Video Conference Speech CS Data
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UMTS
(Interactive / Background)
Interactive Data mostly downlink Pattern : Delay Constraints :
End-user = human Needs reactivity

Background

Request Answer

Content Download
No delay constraint
End user = machine Delivery time insensitive

Error protection :

Preserve Payload Content

Error correction by retransmission protocols (RLC ack mode, TCP)

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UMTS
(Streaming / Conversational)
Streaming Conversational Relatively non bursty traffic Pattern : DL continuous data Both way continuous data Real time strong constraint
End User = Human Sensitive to delay variation (Jitter)

Delay Constraints : Acceptable delay variation

End User = Machine Buffer at the receiving end

Error protection :

No Error Protection
No time to correct error by retransmission
(RLC unack mode, UDP)

, , .
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UMTS
UMTS(TRAFFIC) UMTS

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 ()
ON/ OFF model for PS application
Uplink
Downlink
ON period
OFF period

One Session

ON period
OFF period

ON period

Session description (ON / OFF model for packet arrival) :

Nb of sessions / subs / BH % of sessions with a file download For each session :
Nb of pages (or Email) Downlink Size of pages (or Email) in kBytes Size of file to download (kBytes)

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 ()
ON/ OFF ()
Interactive: Basic browsing
Page reading

Page downloading Uplink request

50 KB

OFF

OFF

OFF

OFF

Downlink Uplink

50 KB
0.4 kB 0.4 kB

50 KB 0.4 kB

50 KB
0.4 kB

50 KB

0.4 kB

7s

7s
E-mail Reading

7s

7s

Background: E-mail
1st E-mail received
ON

E-mail Reading

One Session
E-mail Reading+ Preparing answer
OFF 8 KB 8 KB

2 nd E-mail received

OFF

OFF

Downlink Uplink

8 KB

8 KB

8 KB

45 s

45 s

45 s

120 s 8
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 ()
Duration of session
Application level (from user point of view) Iu Connection duration = RAB duration
A RAB is made of : 1 radio bearer UL 1 radio bearer DL 1 Iu connection oSignal. RANAP/SCCP + o User plane

Example: Interactive Application (Ex. Basic Browsing)

7s 7s
50 KB
0.4 kB 0.4 kB

7s
50 KB 50 KB 0.4 kB

7s
50 KB
0.4 kB

Downlink Uplink
0.4 kB

50 KB

RAB

7sec < Trelease

Session duration (user point of view) Iu Connection Duration = RAB duration

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 : Activity Factor (1/2)

Activity Factor Uplink and Downlink for PS services
Depends on ON/OFF model Downlink AF = ON DL / (Iu Cnx duration), where Iu Cnx duration means Iu connection duration, this is the duration of the radio bearer. Uplink AF = DL AF *(kbit/s UL)/ (kbit/s DL) * (data rate UL / Data rate DL) Assuming Page Request ON Uplink << ON Downlink

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 : Activity Factor (2/2)

Ex of Interactive traffic (Basic Browsing) :
7s 7s 7s 7s

Downlink Uplink
0.4 kB

50 KB
0.4 kB

50 KB
0.4 kB

50 KB 0.4 kB

50 KB
0.4 kB

50 KB

RAB
Downsized Idle
ON Downlink

7sec < Tdownsize

Session duration (user point of view)

Session Duration

Iu Connection Duration = RAB duration

Iu Connection Duration

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1. Page/Email size (kBytes)

2. # of Page/Email (UL, DL) 3. Nb of Sessions/BH/attached subscriber

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4. % of sessions with attachment or file transfer 5. Attachment Size(kBytes) 6. Call Duration
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: :
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()
Throughput per sub CS Traffic PS Traffic
Throughput / sub Bearer _ data _ rate. AF.Erl / sub

Throughput / sub Bearer _ data _ rate. AF.

Session _ duration.# Session 3600

Traffic Mix

X ( s)

sservices

Throughput( s ) Throughput(s)

For example, Web browsing (DL): Bearer_data_rate = 64K AF = 45% Session_duration = 85 s #Session = 0.15 /BH then, Throughput /sub =

64000*45%*(85*0.15)/3600 = 102 bit/s

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UMTS
UMTS(TRAFFIC) UMTS

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 ()
-UTRAN
Mobility Link with the UTRAN:
Parameters

Macrodiversity and Handover : Average number of Radio Links per user Ratio of SofterHO / (SoftHO+SofterHO+interRNC SHO) Ratio of InterRNC SHO / (SoftHO+SofterHO+interRNC SHO) Average time between 2 HO (s)

1,3 0,40 15% 10,0

%SHO = 30% (with %SofterHO=40% and %intraRNCSHO=45% and %InterRNCSHO = 15%) Nb of cells in SHO = 2 Average time between 2 HO = 10 sec

RNC1 BS1 BS2

Iur

RNC2 BS3

RNC3 BS4

RNC4 BS5

Impact CN
InterNodeB, with 2 RNC (Iur present) =
-UTRAN : Soft HO inter RNC - CN : not seen

within the same BS = - UTRAN : Softer Hand Over - CN : not seen InterNodeB, within same RNC = - UTRAN : Soft Hand Over - CN : not seen

InterNodeB, with 2 RNC (no Iur)= - UTRAN : Hard HO - CN : Hard HO

Soft HO: UTRAN Hard HO: UTRAN, CN

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 ()
-PS
PS Mobility Several types of RA updates :
A) Intra SGSN RA updates ()
intra SGSN RA Update
Old-SGSN = New-SGSN

RA1

RA2

Mobile moves within the same SGSN (RA1 RA2)

B) Inter SGSN RA updates

Intra system (3G 3G) or Inter system (3G 2G) Incoming or Outgoing inter SGSN RA Update
Old-SGSN New-SGSN

Mobility Management
Routing Area update : # of intra 3G-SGSN Routing Area Update % of periodic RA update Inter SGSN RA Update outgoing : 3 G--> 3G Inter SGSN RA Update outgoing : 2G --> 3G Inter SGSN RA Update incoming : 3G --> 3 G Inter SGSN RA Update incoming : 3G --> 2G

Packet Switched
0,600 70%

RA1

RA2

Mobile moves to a new SGSN (RA1 RA2)

0,040 0,010 0,040 0,010

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 ()
-CS

CS Mobility
User is not in communication : LA updates
A) Intra VLR LA updates (Periodic or not) B) Inter VLR LA updates
LA1

Old-VLR = New-VLR

Old-VLR

New-VLR

LA2

LA1

LA2

Mobile moves within the same VLR (LA1 LA2)

Mobile moves to a new VLR (LA1 LA2)

User is in communication : Hand Over

Intra MSC intra MSC HO Inter MSC HO intra system (3G 3G, 3G 2G) Land Incoming or Outgoing inter MSC HO Subsequent HO : Incoming (2G or 3G 3G 3G or 2G ) Outgoing (3G 3G or 2G 3G or 2G)
Mobile moves to a new MSC while in call - MSC1 : outgoing HO - MSC2 : Incoming HO
MSC1 MSC2

Land

Mobile moves to a new MSC while in call - MSC1 : outgoing subsequent HO - MSC3 : incoming subsequent HO
MSC1 MSC2 MSC3

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Traffic Traffic per attached subs during BH Subscribers ratio Detach, Attach, Active Sub ratio Session Management PDP context related Mobility Management Routing Area update

. .

Signaling

Location Area update

Hand Overs Call Distribution Ratio M-L, L-M, M-M

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UMTS
UTRAN UMTS

UTRAN
IBTS Iub

NodeBRNC

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UMTS
UTRAN UMTS

UTRAN
IBTS Iub

NodeBRNC

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UMTS

Univity iBTS Univity iBTS , , , ,

Univity Univity iBTS ,

UnivityRNC

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UMTS
UTRAN UMTS

UTRAN
BTS Iub

NodeBRNC

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UTRAN
Call profile
Erlang per CS service Kbit/s per PS service

Coverage
Km2 per environment

Radio conditions
#carriers Environment definition Eb/No target, BLER per service SHO parameters...

Existing/forecasted infrastructure
Transmission

#BTS, BTS type Max Kbit/s per BTS

Iub links dimensioning

#E1 Iub leaving the BTS

Backhaul dimensioning
#STM1/E1 Iub

RNC dimensioning
Kbit/s per RNC

Iu+Iur dimensioning

BLER, SHO parameters

BTS dimensioning

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Class (Conversational/Streming/Interactive/Background) Bearer data rate (UL and DL) BLER

Soft hard over ratio # Cells in macro diversity
RF link budget.

#carriers Environment definition Eb/No target
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UTRAN
Call profile
Erlang per CS service Kbit/s per PS service

Coverage
Km2 per environment

Radio conditions
#carriers Environment definition Eb/No target, BLER per service SHO parameters...

Existing/forecasted infrastructure
Transmission

#BTS, BTS type Max Kbit/s per BTS

BTS Iub links dimensioning

#E1 Iub leaving the BS

Backhaul dimensioning
#STM1/E1 Iub

RNC dimensioning
Kbit/s per RNC

Iu+Iur dimensioning

BLER, SHO parameters

BTS dimensioning

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UMTS
UTRAN UMTS

UTRAN
BTS Iub

NodeBRNC

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Univity iBTS

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Univity iBTS

WCDMA CE CESF
CEM

30W 45W

SYNC (0) (option)

TRM

f1 f2 f1,f2,f3 6

PA PA D

CEM
f2

CEM

CCM (0) CCM (0)

TRM

f1,f2,f3

PA PA
f3

CEM

TRM
f1,f2,f3

PA PA D

CEM Network Interface CEM

/
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UNIVITY iBTS
CEM
CEM N+1

CCM,

1+1

TRM
GPSAMGPS MCPA DDM

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iBTS

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iBTS: Xa-b-c-d (eg.S3-1-128-3 STSR1)

X = BTS sectorisation
Possible values : O (Omni) or S (Sectorial)

a = number of Sectors
Possible values = 1, 2, 3 or 6

b = number of RF Carriers
Possible values = 1, 2, 3

c = number of spreading codes

Possible values = 64, 128 and multiples

d = number of Power Amplifiers

Possible values = 1, 2, 3 or 6

TD = Transmit Diversity (optional)

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CEMCEMRF
CEM64
RAB UL/DL kbps + SRB Conversational/Speech CS RAB 12.2/12.2 kbps + SRB 3.4 kbps Conversational/Unknown CS RAB 64/64 kbps + SRB 3.4 kbps Streaming/Unknown CS RAB 14.4/14.4 kbps + SRB 3.4 kbps Interactive or Background PS RAB 32/8 kbps + SRB 3,4 kbps PS RAB 64/64 kbps + SRB 3,4 kbps PS RAB 64/128 kbps + SRB 3,4 kbps PS RAB 64/384 kbps + SRB 3,4 kbps

CEM128 CE per link 1 4 1 2 4 4 8

UL SF

DL SF

Number of Number of links links 64 16 64 32 16 16 8 128 32 128 64 32 32 16

1x64 1x16 1x64 1x32 1x16 1x16 1x16

1x128 1x32 1x128 1x128 1x32 1x16 1x8

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BTS

W-CDMA trade-off

(micro, indoor, ..)

(4) ()

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BTS
Step1.
Based on the Link Budget (eg. Cell Radius per environment) Increase the number of sites if dimensioning is capacity-based

Step2. NodeB
UL Load Radio UL capacity PA Radio DL capacity TRM Codes DL capacity CEM CEM UL/DL capacity

NodeB

Step3.BTS
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iBTS
Call profile
Erlang per CS service Kbit/s per PS service

Hardware limitation

Service definition

Radio conditions
#carriers Environment definition (TU50..) Eb/No target, BLER per service SHO parameters...

CEM UL/DL capacity per service

Carrier DL capacity per service

Radio UL/DL capacity per service

Traffic mix x(s)

BTS capacity in UL and DL

BTSCEM
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UMTS
UTRAN UMTS

UTRAN
IBTS Iub

NodeBRNC

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UTRAN
Call profile
Erlang per CS service Kbit/s per PS service

Coverage
Km2 per environment

Radio conditions
#carriers Environment definition (TU50..) Eb/No target, BLER per service SHO parameters...

Existing/forecasted infrastructure
GSM/GPRS Transmission

#BTS, BTS type Max Kbit/s per BTS

BTS Iub links dimensioning

#E1 Iub leaving the BTS

Backhaul dimensioning
#STM1/E1 Iub

RNC dimensioning
Kbit/s per RNC

Iu+Iur dimensioning

BLER, SHO parameters

BTS dimensioning

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Iub
=f(BTS average capacity, Headers+BLER)
Iub main traffic Iub diversity traffic Signalliing + OaM Iub

=f(SHO parameters) =f(Signalling/OaM)

Iub

Node B (BTS)

RNC

Iub_traffic = Iub_traffic_main + Iub_traffic_diversity + Iub_Sig_OaM

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Soft Handover
Core Network

RNC

RNC

Iub_traffic_diversity = Iub_traffic_main x %SHO_Iub

Node B Case 3 : Inter RNC soft Handover 2Iub 1Iur

InterNodeB SHO

InterRNC SHO UE

Case 1 : Softer handover

Case 2 : Soft handover 2Iub

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Iub Interface Dimensioning

Traffic offered by the BS 30% Eng margin Headers + Radio retransmissions impact
Note: depends on service definition, traffic mix and BLER

Traffic main

Main Physical layer +diversity +OAM

Iub Links (E1s)

Iub
RLC MAC-d
PHY

Dch FP

part for Macro Diversity

Note: depends on traffic mix, SHO parameters

AAL2 ATM PHY

Protocol headers + radio retransmissions Note: depends on the traffic mix, BLER and service definition

part for Signalling+OaM

#Iub_linkIubE1 ,
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UMTS
UTRAN UMTS

UTRAN
IBTS Iub

NodeBRNC

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NodeB-RNC

1. (PP7K)--BTS.

2. E1---MUX(: TN1X)

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NodeB-RNC
3. Drop&Insert E1
NodeB N2
#1

NodeB N1
#1 #2

RNC -

E1
UMTS IBTS 1 Fract E1 15 TS

E1

UMTS IBTS 1 Fract E1 15 TS

NodeB E1.

. .
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Iub
E1 Iub
STM1 Iub PP7K

PP7K :
RNC site

Average traffic handled by the BS : Main + Diversity + Signalling + OaM Layer 1+ radio retransmissions

Concentration site

BS E1

30%

20% eng. margin

Traffic offered by the BS

(PP7 K) BS

:UMTS.

RNC STM-1

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 !!!