Stress Management

• Stress:A dynamic condition in which an

individual is confronted with an
opportunity,constraint,or demand related to what
he or she desires & and for which the outcome is
perceived to be both uncertain & important.
• Job Stress: A condition arising from the
interaction of people & their jobs & characterized
by changes within people that force them to
deviate from their normal functioning.
 General Adaptation Syndrome:
• GAS refers to the defensive reactions
designed to help a person cope with any
environmental demand perceived as
threatening.
• It outlines three stages in coping with such
stress situations.
• 1.Alarm Stage.
• 2.The resistance stage.
• 3.Exhaustion Stage.
 The Causes of stress;
• 1.Extraorganizational
Stressors.
• 2.Organizational stressors.
• 3.Group Stressors.
• 4.Individual Stressors.
 Extraorganizational
Stressors:
• 1.Social & Technological changes.
• 2.Family problems.
• 3.Relocation.
• 4.Economic & Financial conditions.
• 5.Race & Class.
• 6.Residential & Community
conditions.
 Organizational Stressors;
• 1.High-stress jobs.
• 2.Job role.
• 3.Poor working conditions.
• 4.Organizational politics.
• 5.Poor work relationships.
 Group Stressors;
• 1.Absence of Group
cohesiveness.
• 2.Absence of support from
group members.
• 3.Conflicts related to the group.
 Individual Stressors:
• Role conflict & ambiguity.
• Type A characteristics.
• Locus of control.
• Learned helpnessness.
• Self Efficacy.
• Psychological hardiness.
 Macrolevel Organizational
Stressors:
• 1.Administrative Policies &
Strategies.
• 2.Organization Structure &
Design.
• 3.Organizational Processes.
• 4.Working Conditions.
 Managing Behaviour to Combat
Stress;
• 1.Making time for leisure.
• 2.Scheduling priorities
• 3.Delegating tasks to others.
• 4.Focusing on one thing at a time.
• 5.Understanding ones body rhythms
• 6.Turning down requests occasionally.
• 7.Identifying the source of stress.
 The Effects of
occupational stress:
• 1.Physical Problems.
• 2.Psychological
problems.
• 3.Behavioral Problems.
 Strategies To cope with
stress:
• 1.Individual Strategies to cope with
stress:
• Problem focused strategies.
• Time management.
• Requesting others for help.
• Shifting to another job.
2.Emotion focused strategies:
• 1.Relaxation.
• 2.Exercise.
• 3.Psychological strategies.
• 4.Recreation.
• 5.Companionship.
 Organizational Strategies
to Cope With Stress
• Problem-focused strategies.
• Redesigning the job.
• Proper selection & placement.
• Training.
• Team building.
• Providing various day care
facilities.
 Emotion Focused strategies
• Promoting open communication
within the organization.
• Employee assistance programs.
• Mentoring.
• Wellness programs & personal
time off.