Objectives

Explain what friction is. Factors affecting friction. Effects of friction.

What is friction?

When the boy kicks the ball, the ball will move,

but it will eventually come to a stop. That happens because of friction.

What is friction?
Friction is the force that opposes motion

between two surfaces that are touching each other.

What can affect friction?

1. The amount of friction depends on the materials from which the two surfaces are made.
The rougher the surface the more friction

produced.

 Although a surface may look smooth,

microscopically it is not.

 Its harder to move on

Its easier to move on

grass. There is more friction between the toboggan and the grass.

the snow. There is less friction between the toboggan and the snow.

Car tyre

Bicycle brakes

Ice skating

Soles of shoes

Hovercraft

What can affect friction?

2. The forces pushing the surfaces together. The more force there is the greater the friction.

Which of these vehicles will experience more friction?

Effects of friction
Rub your hands

together. What happens?

Friction produces heat.

Effects of friction
Friction slows things

down (and even stops them).

Effects of friction
Friction wears things

down.

Types of friction:
1. Static friction 2. Kinetic friction a. Sliding friction b. Rolling friction c. Fluid friction

Static friction
Static friction is the

contact force that keeps an object stuck on a surface, and prevents motion.

Sliding friction ( Kinetic friction)

Sliding friction is the

force that opposes the motion of two surfaces sliding past each other.

Rolling friction ( kinetic friction)

This is a force that

opposes the rolling motion of an object.

Rolling friction

Fluid friction Kinetic friction)

This is a force that

opposes the movement of an object through a gas or a liquid substance.

Force of water resistance

Useful friction
Friction between our

shoes and the floor stop us from slipping.

Useful friction
Friction between the brakes and wheel help bikes and

cars slow down

Useful friction
Friction between tyres

and the road stop cars from sliding.

Friction can cause problems:

Friction can wear things away. Friction produces heat and noise. Friction can make vehicles move

slower.

Reducing friction:
1. Lubricating oil 2. Streamlining 3. Ball bearings

Lubricating
Moving parts inside a

car engine are lubricated with oil to reduce friction between them. The reduced friction means there is less wear on the metal, and less heat produced.

Ball bearings
The bearing makes many of the machines we use

every day possible. Without bearings, we would be constantly replacing parts that wore out from friction.

Streamlining
Bikes, cars and other

vehicles experience air resistance as they move. Streamlined shapes cause less resistance than other shapes. Modern cars are streamlined so that they move through the air as easily as possible and spend less fuel.

Streamlined or not?

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