Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Atoms Molecules Organelles Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organisms Populations Communities Ecosystems Biosphere
Atoms
proton neutron
electron
hydrogen atom
1p, 0n, 1e-
helium atom
2p, 2n, 2e-
carbon atom
6p, 6n, 6e-
Some Elements
Biological Compounds
Categories:
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
+ OH H
CH2OH
o
CH2OH
Glucose
Fructose
Glucose
Fructose
H2O
Sucrose
Macromolecules
(usually polymers)
Cell Organelles
Cell
Tissues
Stomach Wall
Organ Systems
Organisms
Populations
Communities
Ecosystems
The Biosphere
carbon atom
DNA molecule
organelle
cell
tissue
biosphere ecosystem
organ
population
organism
Prokaryotic Cell
E. coli
Cyanobacteria
Protista
Paramecium Diatom Slime mold
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
Asexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
Development
DNA
Contains information for almost all cell activities
Genetic Recombination
Mutation
Sickle cell
Normal RBC
Chromosomal Aberration
XYY DiGeorge Syndrome
Downs
Klinefelters syndrome
Metabolism
The sum total of the chemical processes that occur in living organisms, resulting in growth, production of energy, elimination of waste material, etc.
Anabolism- build up of complex molecules Catabolism- break down of complex molecules
Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy
Photosynthesis
6H2O + 6CO2 + light C6H12O6 + 6O2
Autotrophs
Organisms that get their energy by making their own food (like plants) Plants capture energy from the sun, use water and carbon dioxide to make sugars and starches
Heterotrophs
Organisms that take in food to meet their energy needs Animals must consume autotrophs (plants), and other heterotrophs to meet their energy needs
Homeostasis
Relatively stable internal environment
Homeostasis
All organisms must maintain a constant internal environment to function properly
Temperature pH Ions Water Hormones
Negative Feedback
Body Temperature Regulation
Positive Feedback
Evolution
Change in the genetic composition of a population through time
Evolution
Inherited change in the characteristics of organisms over time Living things are slowly changing Process of natural selection results in change over time Organisms with favorable genes are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass on those favorable genes
Heredity
Transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring Instructions from parent to offspring are passed on in the form of genes
Heritable variations
Blood type
Dwarfism
Albinism
Adaptations
The structural, functional, and behavioral features that contribute to the success of a species.
Natural Selection
Peppered Moths: study in England 1800s More light than dark moths Industrial pollution turned trees dark Population shifted to mostly dark moths
Natural Selection
INQUIRY 1. In the equation for photosynthesis and respiration which is the organic molecule? 2. List 3 mechanisms for genetic change. 3. Why did the population of dark moths proliferate? 4. Define homeostasis. 5. Why is positive feedback not always beneficial for the body? 6. Which process produces genetic change: asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction? 7. Compare plant versus animal cell.