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INTRODUCTION
Helium Leak Testing is a sensitive, reliable and most widely used method of leak detection in manufacturing industries. Typical users are the manufacturers of electronic tubes and other devices with critical operating conditions.
INTRODUCTION
Mostly the heavy and light fabricated tubes, pressure vessels and assemblies are tested using Helium leak test. Helium leak testing is used throughout industry to locate leaks in even the most complex pressure, vacuum and hermetic systems and enclosures.
High Sensitivity
Wide Range Reliable
Quantitative
Dynamic Testing
SIMS 180TD+
Why Helium?
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The detector probe technique can be used to determine leak locations but is inadequate for leakage measurement or for finding leaks smaller than I0-7 Pa-m3/s (I0-6 std cm3/s).
Accumulation Method
Leaking helium tracer gas is allowed to collect for a period of time before being sampled by the leak detector. The accumulation method does not usually permit leak location. However, by sealing off small surface areas and accumulating tracer gas within the sealed volume, areas of leakage can be localized.
Dynamic Testing
When Helium leak testing is performed with the high vacuum pump of a helium mass spectrometer continually pumping on the test object.
Static Testing
When the vacuum pump is disconnected from the test object.
This method accumulates helium leakage to make a more sensitive measurement and is relatively uncommon
Spraying Method
This method is applied to objects and systems that can be evacuated. MSLD is connected directly to the interior volume of the system under test. After evacuation of the test object or system the exterior surface or suspected areas are sprayed with a fine jet of helium from a helium probe.
Spraying Method
A portion of any helium tracer gas entering the vacuum system through a leak is drawn into the mass spectrometer leak detector. The presence of helium in the mass spectrometer tube is indicated both audibly and visually by alarms.
Spraying Method
The concentration of the helium in the spectrometer tube is indicated by the deflection of the pointer on a panel meter. Careful scanning with the helium probe permits positive location of leaks.
The vessel to be tested is pressurized with a tracer gas and placed in a sealed room with a leak detector and probe, or the instrument can be outside and the probe connected to the chamber through a port or opening.
The accumulation technique may be applied to vessels of any size or configuration that are capable of being pressurized at greater than atmospheric pressure.
Global Test
The best way to conduct this type of test is to enclose all or part of the evacuated system under test with an atmosphere containing helium. The helium will enter the system under test if any leaks are present. The internal volume of the test object is connected directly to a vacuum pump.
Global Test
The leak detector in turn is connected to the vacuum pump system. Helium leaking from the hood into the test object is detected by the leak detector. This test permit the determination of a total leakage rate for the entire system. The porosity of almost any material, including metals and ceramics, can be measured by this method.
The sensitivity of the helium sniffer leak test method in a normal field environment will enable detection of leakage rates in the range of 10-3 to 10-4 pa. m3/sec (10-2 to 10-3 std. cm3/sec), at differential pressure of 100 kPa (1 atm.) using helium mixture of 2 to 5% by volume.
Using the accumulation technique of bagging with polyethylene and rigidly controlling the factors affecting sensitivity, it is possible at a differential pressure of 100 Kpa ( 1 atm.) to detect much smaller leakage rates of 1 x 10-5 pa. m3/sec (10-4 std. cm3/sec) using helium mixture of 2 to 5% by volume.
The increase of sensitivity obtained by bagging and accumulating is directly dependent on time of accumulation
The calibration temperature is labelled on each standard leak, and a temperature correction factor is also given.
MASS SPECTROMETER
A mass spectrometer is a device that sorts and filters various types of charged particles. As gas enters an analyzer, a filament releases a stream of electrons that converts the gas particles into charged ions that are accelerated to a rapid speed.
MASS SPECTROMETER
Under a constant magnetic field, ions that share the same mass move along a specific trajectory toward a collector, which accumulates only the targeted molecules.
MASS SPECTROMETER
Specialized devices, such as helium mass spectrometers, can be configured to remain sensitive only to a particular range of atomic mass, allowing other molecules to pass through the detector without triggering the collector.
MASS SPECTROMETER
Mass spectrometers can only operate within a vacuum, making them effective for leak detection in vacuum systems, but can be adapted for pressurized tracer gas systems through the addition of a probe or an enclosure for collecting leakage.
MASS SPECTROMETER
However, a mass spectrometers sensitivity and minimum leak detection rate tend to decrease when the device is applied to a pressure system.
MASS SPECTROMETER
The mass spectrometer produces a beam of positive ions from a sample of tracer gas being investigated, sorts these ions into a spectrum of mass-to-charge ratios, and records or indicates the relative abundance of each species of ion present.
MASS SPECTROMETER
In mass spectrometers, the ion currents of specific ion species are detected electrically. The signal is usually amplified electronically before being displayed or recorded.
MASS SPECTROMETER
The primary functions of a mass spectrometer instrument are to be sufficiently sensitive to detect all desired ion currents and to be able to resolve or separate completely the ion currents due to different ion species.
MASS SPECTROMETER
Pumping tracer gas samples from leaks in test objects into the vacuum of the instrument. The ionization of gas sample molecules by electron impact. The sorting and identification of positive ions according to their mass-to-charge ratios.
MASS SPECTROMETER
Hot tungsten filaments High Potential Difference and vacuum Analyzing magnetic field Separating slits Target plate Electrometer (charge detector) Amplifier display meter Vacuum Pumps
SNIFFER
This simple tracer gas collection device is connected to a leak detector with a pumping system. The pump provides the suction necessary to draw tracer gas samples into the sniffer inlet, through the connecting hose, and into the sensing element of the leak detector.
SNIFFER
A screw adjustment on the sniffer gun provides for control of the gas intake and throughout to the leak detector instrumentation. A sleeve or rubber nozzle on the tip of the probe collects the leaking tracer gas which will travel to the detector.
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