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Mini-Lesson One: Review and Absolutism Introduction 9/18

AIM: How did exploration, technological innovation, and cultural change lead to the Age of Absolutism? DO NOW: Match the words in the box with the timeline below. Place the vocabulary words in the boxes below the timeline.

Notebook
Write a Short Summary for Each or Define a word for each:
European Middle Ages and Crusades Renaissance and Reformation Age of Exploration and Exchange

OBJECTIVE ONE ACTIVITY:


After reading, complete the graphic organizer and answer questions that follow.

Summary
How did exploration, technological innovation, and cultural change lead to the Age of Absolutism? https://sites.google.com/site/mrkramerjmb/h ome/unit-2-age-of-absolutism

Mini-Lesson Two: Absolute Monarchies in Spain 9/19


AIM: How were absolute rulers allowed to rise to power in Europe? DO NOW: What are some problems that might occur when leaders are chosen by birth? List them and explain.

Review

Breakdown of Feudalism/ Rise of Nation states Continuous Warfare

Need for money Exploration


Declining influence of the church

Regulation of Religion & society Loss of power by nobility & legislatures New government Bureaucracies Huge building projects

Do Not Copy!

One family in particular keeps popping up in the history of absolutism

THE HAPSBURGS (Sometimes history books say Habsburg) Ruled in different areas of Europe from 1519 1918. Mostly Spain and Austria.

The Hapsburg Empire in the 1500s 1600s


This family didnt get their lands by war. They never were very good generals. The Hapsburgs married to get more land and power.

The Hapsburgs had distinctive features


That became more noticeable as cousins (and more) tended to marry more than a few generations.

How did the Hapsburgs end up ruling in Spain?


Remember Ferdinand and Isabella? They united Spain in 1492. Helped Columbus find a new world.

Ferdinand and Isabella had a problem:


They had had six children. They all died as young adults with the exception of one daughter Joanna. Joanna had an interesting nickname in history.

Joanna the Mad


Joanna had been married off to an Austrian prince Phillip the Handsome (Hapsburg). Joanna was really, really, REALLY attached to her husband. Obsessed might be a better word.

Joanna and Phillip had a son


Charles V
Poor Charles witnessed his mothers bizarre behavior with his father and eventually she was locked up with his corpse. Charles was raised by Grandfather Ferdinand who didnt like a less than full-blooded Spaniard becoming the king.

Copy!

In 1516, the smaller Spanish Kingdoms are joined to form the Spanish Empire

The first king of Spain was Charles V. He was also the king of the Holy Roman Empire, what is now Eastern Europe

Spain

Dont mess with me! Im the king of everything!

Spain grew into a world power thanks to the exploitation of new lands
ConquistadorsSpanish soldiers and explorers who took part in the conquest of America

Think!
What do you think exploitation means? What will they exploit?

Spain
Before Charles V died, he split his empire between his brother and son
His brother, Ferdinand, was given the Holy Roman Empire His son, Phillip II, was given Spain and Spanish America

Phillip II
Phillip II and Divine Right Expanded Spanish Power Silver from the Americas Strengthen Catholic Church Made his power ABSOLUTE

Dont question me! I get my power from God!

Spain
Phillip centralized his power Said he had divine right

Religious Wars
Phillip became an enemy of Protestants Protestant countries under Spains control were taxed! Created conflictEngland stepped in to protect Protestants!

Spanish Armada To get back at Elizabeth, Phillip decided to invade England Wanted to overthrow Elizabeth!

Spain
Decline: Expensive wars; tax middle class Expulsion of Jews and Muslims deprive country of skilled artisans/merchants What is the moral of this story?

Objective Activity
Option One: Create an annotated timeline using your notes from todays mini-lesson. Include at least three illustrations above significant events in your timeline. Option Two: Create a table listing at least five reasons for Spains decline. List the reasons in order from the MOST important to the LEAST important. Write a sentence next to each reason explaining its significance.

Mini Lesson Three: Absolute Rulers in France 9/20


AIM: To

what extent was the power of French monarchs absolute?

Do Now: Complete in your notebook You are a monarch of a European nation. After a long struggleduring which your life was in dangeryou have come into power. Now that you have the thrown, you want to be sure that no one threatens you again. You also want everyone to believe that you are the greatest ruler in Europe. You decide to build a palace that will both impress your subjects and visitors to your kingdom. 1. What will be your palaces main function: a fortress, a place for the government, housing for the nobles, or a place to entertain visitors? 2. What qualities do you want people to associate with your rule? Military strength, wealth, political power, or cultural achievements? 3. How can a palace demonstrate the qualities that you have decided are important? What features should the palace have?

Happy Birthday!!!
Lhamo, Tsering Hernandez, Daniel Webster, Jaleccia Kiladze, Michael Claudio, Juan Wang, Haojun

France
Dominantly Catholic Since the Reformation, Catholics have fought Protestants
French Protestants called Huguenots Catholics and Huguenots tore the country apart in the 1560s 1590s.

St. Bartholomews Day August 24, 1572


Massacre of 3,000 Huguenots
The Huguenots and Catholics gathered together for a wedding to stop the violence but the Catholics attacked.

Marie de Medici views victims of the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre

Henry IV was a Huguenot prince he inherited the throne. Majority of the nobility refused to allow a Protestant to rule them. Henry converts from Protestant to Catholic in 1589 Paris is worth a mass Edict of Nantes: Protection for Protestants/ religious toleration Rebuilt France Nobles lost power Life is good (well, better)

France- Henry IV

Dont Copy! Henry IV


While he was doing all that, he also had quite a few mistresses along the way! His Catholic queen was a political arrangement and he didnt really worry about her feelings.

Dont Copy! Henry IV - Assassinated!


Much loved by his people. But some Catholics still thought he gave too much to the Huguenots. He was stabbed to death as he was going to visit a mistress in 1610.

France
Henry IV killed by assassin Son inherits throne.
Too young! (9 yrs. Old) Nobles try for a comeback (this was their chance!)

Cardinal Richelieu centralizes power


Takes power from nobles

Dont Copy! Louis XIII


Very troubled upbringing for a future absolute monarch. Nobles tried to kidnap him. His mother was bankrupting the country with her frivolous entertainments and making him anti-Protestant.
Picture supposed to be The Birth of Louis XIII.

Dont Copy! Louis XIII was content to let Richelieu do the work.
He liked hunting more. Liked art. Didnt like his wife Anne of Austria at all. They had married when they were both 14 in 1615. No children until

Dont Copy! 1637:


Louis XIII and Anne found themselves with their court in a small hunting lodge for the night, taking shelter from a terrible rainstorm. There werent enough bedrooms for everyone. Louis and Anne had to share a room.

Dont Copy! Nine Months Later


Louis XIV is born! A miracle child

Louis XIV- The Sun King


Louis XIV took over after the death of Louis XIII in 1634 at the age of 5. Wanted to make the monarchy so powerful no one would challenge him
Letat, cest moi I am the State.

Versailles
16 miles from Paris Larger than island of Manhattan Cost $1.5 billion Rituals Louis XIV, the Sun King

Versailles

Dont Copy! Louis XIV


Ruled for 72 years. Got France into some costly foreign wars over who should be the king of Spain. Outlawed the Huguenots, causing hundreds of thousands to immigrate to other countries and America. Outlived both his sons and three wives. Some grandsons too.

Impact of Louis XIVs Reign


Constant wars and extravagance led to bankruptcy Peasants were heavily taxed to pay for wars and lifestyle

Objective Activity Three


Complete the reading and the questions. Then, choose from one of the following options: Option One: Write at least one paragraph arguing for or against this statement: Louis XIV was loved by the people, and brought prestige to France. Therefore, he was justified in making himself an absolute ruler. Option Two: Write two accounts of Louis XIV: one from the perspective of a commoner and one from a noble. Your accounts should be at least one paragraph each.

Mini-Lesson Four: Absolutism in Central Europe 9/24


AIM: How did religious differences create conflict in Europe during the Age of Absolutism? Do Now: Review your notes and respond to the following. Louis was an absolute monarchy, but he was loved by his people and brought prestige to France. Do these facts justify his power? Explain in a paragraph.

Remember the Hapsburgs of Spain? They were Catholic and controlled the Holy Roman Empire (HRE), or most of Central and Eastern Europe. The Germanspeaking Protestants that lived under their control wanted to rule themselves!

Central Europe

Thirty Years War 1618-1648


War fought between the Hapsburg Catholics of the Holy Roman Empire and German-speaking Protestants (Germany did not exist yet! It was divided into many little states, mainly controlled by the HRE) France sided with the Germans to stop the Hapsburgs

Defenestration of Prague
Defenestration = The
act of being thrown out of a window.

Habsburg leaders are ejected from their offices by angry Protestant Bohemians. This is the primary catalyst for war.

The Window!

Religious differences eventually caused the Holy Roman Empire to split into two kingdoms: Austria: Catholic Prussia: Religiously Tolerant (Protestant and Catholic)

Prussian Empire

Prussia was a decentralized group of German speaking states. It is later unified modern-day Germany. Prussias capitol was Berlin but many princes had their own capitol cities.

Ruled by the Hapsburgs/Very diverse Is having a diverse empire good or bad? Why?

Austria (in Green)

Objective Activity Four


With your group, read the descriptions of Maria Theresa of Austria and Frederick the Great of Prussia. Complete the chart together.

Mini-Lesson Five: Russian Absolute Leaders 9/25


From Cruelty to Enlightenment (and more cruelty)

Mini-Lesson Five: Russian Absolute Leaders 9/25

AIM: How did Absolute Rulers come to power in Russia? DO NOW: What are the steps to answering a primary source document question?
Yesterday we discussed the Defenestration of Prague and many of you asked us how high the window was. It was on the 3rd floor and was a 70 foot drop. The Catholics who fell out of the window survived and they claimed that angels rescued them. The Protestants said that horse manure is what saved them.

AIM: How did Absolute Rulers come to power in Russia?

Read Aloud
Complete the reading on Peter the Great. In your scholar pairs, answer the questions that follow (CCLS RI.1citing strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis). http://www.biography.com/people/p eter-the-great-9542228

Document Based Activity


In your scholar pairs, complete the DBQs using evidence from the documents in your answers(CCLS RI.1-citing strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis).

Option One: Create an argument using evidencewas Peter the Great a hero, or a villain? Option Two: Write a Bio Poem of Peter the Great using evidence from the readings. (CCLS RI.1-citing strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis).

Objective Activities

AIM: How did Absolute rulers around the world differ? DO NOW: Answer the multiple-choice question and analyze the image. Pick up a book receipt and a textbook and fill-in according to the sample on the board.
http://reyeshistory.webs.com/

Mini-Lesson Six: Global Absolutism 9/26

God hath power to create or destroy, make or unmake, at his pleasure; to give life or send death; to judgeand to be judged (by) noneAnd the like power have kings;
Which idea is described by this passage? 1. theory of divine right 2. enlightened despotism 3. Social Darwinism 4. constitutional monarchy What idea is being shown in this cartoon? Explain.

Akbar the Great


Born in 1542, He ruled from 15561605 He was Emperor of the Mughal Empire in India. He is considered to be their greatest ruler.
Aim: How did Absolute rulers around the world differ?

Akbar the Great

Mughal Empire on the Indian subcontinent Expanded and stabilized the Empire Increased trade

Aim: How did Absolute rulers around the world differ?

Akbar the Great


Religious tolerance Hosted religious debates Passed laws of tolerance Cultural diffusion Patron of the arts
Aim: How did Absolute rulers around the world differ?

Suleiman
Born in 1494, he ruled from 15201566 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and considered to be their greatest ruler.
Aim: How did Absolute rulers around the world differ?

Suleiman the Magnificent


Under his leadership, the Ottoman Empire reached its greatest height. Called the Lawgiver Poet, artist, intellectual, warrior Under his reign, Ottoman Empire underwent a golden age

Aim: How did Absolute rulers around the world differ?

Akbar Reading

In your scholar pair, read the story of Akbar and Birbal. Answer the questions that follow (CCLS RI.1-citing strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis).
Aim: How did Absolute rulers around the world differ?

Objective Activities:
Option One: Create a Venn Diagram comparing one of the two leaders you learned about today to one of the European absolute leaders you learned about during this unit. Option Two: Complete the chart comparing absolute leaders
(CCSS.ELA-Literacy.WHST.9-10.1c Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.)
Aim: How did Absolute rulers around the world differ?

Summary
How did Absolute rulers around the world differ?

Mini-Lesson Seven: Limits to Absolutism 9/27


AIM: How did government in England show continuity and change over time? DO NOW: What does our Bill of Rights guarantee us, as American citizens? Why is this important? (2 minutes) Do Not write on Handout! It will be collected at the end of class.

BrainPOP
Write down. Define during Magna Carta constitutional monarchy

Magna Carta Discussion


What is the Magna Carta? How did the Magna Carta change the power of the king? Why were the barons (nobles) angry with the king? What kind of rights did the Magna Carta give? What is a constitutional monarchy?

The Tudors and Parliament


Parliament: representative body in England, begins after the Magna Carta 1485-1603, England run by the Tudor Dynasty.

Divine Right

The Tudors and the Church Activity


Following the Reformation, Henry VIII made a split from the Catholic Church. Why? ACTIVITY! Examine Sources A,B,C, and D. Answer the questions. In your group, answer the question: Why did Henry VIII split from the Catholic Church? (CCLS RI.1-citing strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis)

Tudors
Henry VIII and his daughter Elizabeth consulted Parliamentcreated good relations Objective Activity: Watch BrainPOP on Queen Elizabeth. Complete the Activity.

Mini-Lesson Eight: The Glorious Revolution 9/30 AIM: How was the power of the monarch limited in England? Do Now: Examine Image Below.

Reading In your scholar pair, read about James I and Englands Parliament. Complete the questions that follow(CCLS RI.1-citing strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis).

The Stuarts
Charles I, James son, becomes king 1625. At war, needs $$$ Hates asking Parliament for permission!
They make him sign a Petition of Rights

Petition of Right
The Petition of Right 1. The King cannot pass taxes without the Parliament agreeing to them. 2. No one can be put in jail without proof of a reason for arrest 3. Soldiers are not allowed to stay in citizens houses unless the citizen agrees 4. The King cannot use the military to enforce his laws during peace time

The Stuarts
Charles ignores Parliament and the Petition
Creates enemies

Parliament revolts! People want a limited monarchy


King does not have complete power

Also wanted a parliamentary democracy,


People have representation in Parliament, which shares power with the king

What does this have in common with our system of government?

English Civil War!


Parliamentarians (or Roundheads) vs. Cavaliers (nobles) Oliver Cromwell leads Roundheads to victory!

Regicide of Charles I!

From Commonwealth to Restoration


Oliver Cromwell rules England until his death.
Puritan

Two years later in 1660, Charles II is crowned king


Popular Secretly Catholic

New Fight with Parliament


Charles brother James II inherits throne
Catholic! Abused power!

James daughter, Mary, and son-in-law, William


Protestant Disagree with dad

William III and Mary overthrow James!

Glorious Revolution

English Bill of Rights


William and Mary promised to work with Parliament England became a constitutional monarchy laws limited the rulers power. Parliament wrote a Bill of Rights to make clear the limits to royal power. Habeas corpus: no person could be held in prison without being charged with a crime

Objective Activities Eight


Option One: Create a timeline showing the changes to the English Monarchy. Illustrate at least three of the points on your timeline. Be sure to include all essential vocabulary. Option Two: Create a political cartoon showing the events of the Glorious Revolution. This can be literalusing images to show what actual happenedor symbolicusing symbols to represent how ideas about government changed as a result of the Revolution.

CLOSURE! What is the meaning of this cartoon?

Mini-Lesson Nine: Absolute Ruler Review 10/1


AIM: To what extent are all absolute leaders similar? To what extent are they different? DO NOW: What are some qualities that all absolute leaders share?

Review Jigsaw-Objective Activity Nine


In your groups, read your assigned description of an Absolute Monarch from the worksheet. Complete the graphic organizer for your assigned section. When you have finished, create new groups composed of classmates that have completed other sections of the graphic organizer (so if you were originally in a group that focused on #1, your new group should be composed of people that completed #s 2, 3, and 4) Share your answers with your new group, explaining where you found your evidence.

Scholar Group Activity


Complete the short answer questions independently, or in your scholar group(CCLS RI.1-citing strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis).

CLOSURE
Which absolute leader was most successful? Why?

Absolutism Tombstone and Eulogy Project- 10/2


Aim: How do different cultures eulogize important statesmen? Do Now: Compare Democracy to Absolutism

Test! 10/7
Absolutism Test

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