SPECIAL SENSE TUMOR

Ear tumor
Cholesteatoma Chondrosarcoma Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Ceruminous carcinoma Adenoid cystic carcinoma

Cholesteatoma

Ceruminous carcinoma

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

NASAL TUMORS
Polyps---really NOT a tumor Angiofibroma Papilloma Plasmacytoma Neuroblastoma Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

INFLAMMATORY POLYPS OF NASAL CAVITY

NECROTIZING Upper Airway Lesions

WEGENER Granulomatosis Lethal Midline Granuloma

PAPILLOMA

INVERTED PAPILLOMA

ANGIOFIBROMA

PLASMACYTOMA

NEUROBLASTOMA (OLFACTORY) ESTHESIONEUROBLASTOMA

ROSETTE

NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

NEVI
Junctional (more pigmented, more
closely associated with melanoma)

Intradermal Compound (both)

MALIGNANT MELANOMA
Incidence rising Related to SUN like ALL skin cancers are The only primary skin cancer that can kill you (except for the RARE Merkel cell tumor) QUICKLY METASTASIZES Has both VERTICAL and HORIZONTAL growth phase but prognosis is 100% related to the VERTICAL, (BRESLOW staging, TNM) DIFFICULT to differentiate from NEVUS clinically and often microscopically

BENIGN Epidermal Tumors

Seborrheic Keratosis Acanthosis Nigricans Fibroepithelial Polyp (skin tag) Epidermal (inclusion) Cyst Adnexal tumors : Eccrine, Apocrine Keratoacanthoma

ADNEXAL TUMORS
HAIR FOLLICLES SEBACEOUS GLANDS SWEAT GLANDS
ECCRINE APOCRINE

PREMALIGNANT/MALIGNANT
ACTINIC (Solar) KERATOSIS, i.e. precursor to SCC SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA, squamous
pearls, intercellular bridges

BASAL CELL CARCINOMA, by far, MOST COMMON, BLUE palisading nests

MERKEL CELL CARCINOMA (TUMOR), VERY MALIGNANT AND LETHAL, LOOK LIKE SMALL CELL CA. OF LUNG

GENERAL COMMENTS
BOTH SCC and BCC related to SUN (i.e., radiation) exposure. (as is MM also) SCC also related to As, carcinogens, chaw, betel nut, HPV, familial, etc. BOTH SCC and BCC can do local damage but very rarely metastasize or kill. MERKEL CELL tumors metastasize early and extensively, like melanomas.

DERMIS TUMORS
DERMATOFIBROMA (BENIGN FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA) DERMATOFIBROSARCOMA PROTUBERANS (DFP) MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA (MFH) XANTHOMA VASCULAR TUMORS of various types

Cellular Immigrants
Langerhans cells (Histiocytosis) Mycosis Fungoides (T-Cell cutaneous lymphoma) Mastocytosis (mast cell tumors)

Orbit - Tumors
Wide variety of lacrimal, lymphoid, neural, vascular, meningeal origin tumors, and metastatic tumors Children
rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of orbit. neuroblastoma is most common metastatic tumor

Rhabdomyosarcoma

LIDS - Tumors
Malignant
Basal cell carcinoma - most common Squamous Melanoma Sebaceous cell carcinoma

Benign
Chalazion vs. Hordeolum Papillomas/Verrucae Epidermal inclusion cysts Pleomorphic adenoma

Basal cell carcinoma

LIDS - Tumors

Chalazion a cyst of the meibomian gland Hordeolum an inflammed cyst of the MG (foreign body granuloma)

Conjunctiva - tumors
Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Squamous Cell Melanoma Lymphoid - arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

Lymphoma

Conjunctiva

CIN (squamous cell), HPV 16/18

The Uvea - Tumors

The Choroid is a highly perfused vascular net feeding the outer retina It is a potential target site for metastasis for carcinoma, such as breast and lung.

The Uvea - Tumors

The uvea (especially choroid) is also richly pigmented, and primary melanocytic tumors are common. Nevi and malignant melanomas are both relatively common, and can be difficult to distinguish, clinically. Tumors with spindle-B or epithelioid histologic patterns are malignant

The Retina - Tumors

Retinoblastoma Classic pediatric tumor of retina Hereditary or Sporadic Requires two gene mutations (Knudsens two-hit hypothesis) Classic histologic features of FlexnerWintersteiner Rosettes, and fleurettes