DETERMINATION OF

IODINE VALUE

DR. GAURAV DESAI

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 1
 CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Definition
• Principle
• Methods
• Equipments
• Method of preparation of Sodium
Thiosulphate

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 2

 CONT…
• Method of preparation of Starch
Solution
• Iodine Monochloride Method (Wij’s
Method)
• Iodine Monobromide Method (Hanus’
Method)
• Pyridine Bromide Method
• Interpretation
• Examples
• Conclusion
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 3
 INTRODUCTION
• Since ancient times Paramount
importance of:
– Quality
– Quantity
– Treatment Schedules
– Shelf-life
of Ayurvedic formulations
• Ayurveda cannot remain confined to
conventional, ancient norms of
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 4
 CONT…
• Answer queries of the modern man
regarding
How the drugs are
– Collected
– Preserved
– Processed
– Manufactured
– Used
• Standardization mandatory.
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 5
 DEFINITION
• Iodine value estimation part of
Chemical Tests and Assays.
• Defined as:
–The number of grams of
iodine taken up by 100g of
oil or fat under the
described condition.

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 6

 PRINCIPLE
• Addition reaction across the double
bonds of unsaturated fatty acids
present in the fat by the addition of a
halogen, such as iodine.
• Gives the indication of the degree of un-
saturation of fats.
• The un-reacted iodine is titrated against
standardized Thiosulphate solution.
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 7
 METHODS
• 3 Methods in Indian Pharmacopeia

Iodine Monochloride Method (Wij’s

Method)

Iodine Monobromide Method (Hanus’

Method)

Pyridine bromide Method

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 8
 EQUIPMENTS
• Pipette
• Burette
• Iodine flask
• Measuring cylinder
• Weighing machine

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 9

 PREPARATION OF SODIUM
THIOSULPHATE
• 0.I N Sodium thiosulphate solution to
be prepared.
• Required weight of Sodium
thiosulphate crystals dissolved in
sufficient quantity of distilled water.
• Shaken well till crystals completely
dissolve.

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 10

 PREPARATION OF STARCH
SOLUTION
• 1g of soluble starch weighed.
• Taken in a 100 mL beaker.
• 10 mL water is added.
• Heated and dissolved.
• This solution is used as indicator for
all the methods.

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 11

Iodine Monochloride Method
1. Accurately weigh quantity of
substance in a dry 500 mL iodine
flask.
2. Add 10 mL of Carbon Tetrachloride
and dissolve.
3. Add 20 mL of Iodine monochloride
solution
4. Insert stopper.
5. Allow to stand in a dark room, temp
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 12
 Cont…
6. Add 15mL of Potassium iodide
solution.
7. Add 100 mL of water and shake.
10.Titrate with sodium thiosulphate
solution.

• Note the number of mL required

(a)
• Repeat without the substance
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 13
 Calculation
• Calculation:

Iodine value = 1.269 (b-a)

W
W= weight in grams of the substance.

• Approx. weight in grams of substance =

20/highest expected iodine
value.
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 14
Iodine Monobromide Method
1. Accurately weigh quantity of
substance being examined in a 300
mL iodine flask.
(Rinse the flask with glacial acetic
acid)
3. Add 15 g chloroform and dissolve.
4. Add 25 mL of iodine monobromide
solution.
5. Insert stopper and allow to stand for
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 15
 Cont…
5. Add 100 mL of water.
6. Titrate with Sodium thiosulphate
solution.
7. Use starch as indicator.

• Note the number of mL required

(a)
• Repeat without the substance
(b)
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 16
 Calculation
• Calculation:

Iodine value = 1.269 (b-a)

W
W= weight in grams of the substance.

• Approx. weight in grams of substance =

20/highest expected iodine
value.
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 17
 NOTE
• The weight of substance to be taken
for this test is :

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 18

 Pyridine bromide Method
1. Accurately weigh quantity of substance
in a dry iodine flask.
2. Add 10 mL Carbon tetrachloride
solution.
3. Add 25 mL Pyridine bromide solution.
4. Allow to stand in a dark place.
5. Other steps similar to Wij’s method.
• Approx. weight in grams of substance =
12/highest expected iodine
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 19
 INTERPRETATION
• Iodine number gives the indication of
the degree of unsaturation of fats.

• Iodine value is directly proportional

to the degree of unsaturation of the
fat (Oil / Ghee).

• Determination of iodine number is

used for the assessment of its purity.
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 20
 EXAMPLES FROM P.S.A.F
• TAILAS

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 21

 CONT…
• GHRITAS

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 22

 CONCLUSION
• Iodine value is an important chemical
test for fats.
• Helps to identify the purity of oils,
ghee.
• Directly proportional to the degree of
unsaturation.
• Oxidation leads to saturation of fatty
acids
• Leads to faster degeneration.
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 23
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 24
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 25
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 26
07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 27
 REFERENCES
• Indian Pharmacopeia 1996.
• Pharmacopoeial standards for
Ayurvedic formulations.
• Practical manual in Biochemistry
• www.scribd.com
• www.google.co.in

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 28

 THANK
YOU

07/15/09 Analytical Seminar 29