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Learning
What is Learning?
• Any relatively permanent change in behavior
that occurs as a result of experience
A) Behavioristic theories
B) Cognitive Theories
C) Social Learning Theories
Behavioristic theories
1) Classical Conditioning
2) Operant Conditioning
• ‘Connectionist Theories’
(Stimulus – Response Connection)
Classical Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov – Russian Psychologist
Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
Stimulus Response
B. F. Skinner
Operant Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
S R R S
Behavior Consequence of
determined by response determines
event that precedes behavior
the behavior
Cognitive Theories
Edward Tolman
Cognitive Theories
Latent Learning
‘Humans engage in this type of
learning everyday as we drive or walk
the same route daily and learn the
locations of various buildings and
objects. Only when we need to find a
building or object does learning
become obvious.
Cognitive Theories
Stimulus Stimulus
• Extinction Principle
Behavior followed by no consequences will be
extinguished over time.