Module QU 2.

5
Learning Unit 5
Team development and Team Work

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

Team development
There is a natural development process every team progresses trough
1 forming

storming

norming

4
International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

performing
QU 2.5 - TR. 2

Team development (2)

The duration and intensity of these stages vary from one team to another.

The teaming process is like a roller coaster ride: progress will often proceed from climbing to stalling to falling
Good communication is the key component that can help the team progress towards successful completion of a team project.

Look at a) Guidance note b) Activity QU 2.5 AS 1/5

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

QU 2.5 - TR. 3

Cooperating with others

In an organization only rarely can one individual complete a task without help from others Each worker must give and receive help COLLABORATION COOPERATION COLLABORATION = working together, doing the same in parallel COOPERATION = operating together, doing different jobs aimed to a same goal

In a team there should be always COOPERATION !

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007 QU 2.5 - TR. 4

Work groups
To work in most organizations today is to work in groups because

problems facing the organization are becoming more complex and require the combined knowledge, skills and attitudes
belief in the value of participative approach to management

to be effective managers it is important to recognize the need to work through and in groups
International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007 QU 2.5 - TR. 5

Work groups (2)

MANAGERS have to work

through groups in a leadership role ALL WORKERS need to

in groups as a member

develop an understanding of how groups operate develop skills to help groups become more effective develop skills to become effective group members
Look at a) Guidance note b) Activity QU 2.5 AS 2/5
International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007 QU 2.5 - TR. 6

Total Quality Management (TQM) and Team Work

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT means. TOTAL = made up of the whole QUALITY = degree of respondance of a product/service to the expectations of customers MANAGEMENT = act, art, or manner of handling, controlling, directing

TQM is the art of managing the whole team to respond to the expectations
International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

Look at a) Guidance note b) Activity QU 2.5 AS 3/5

QU 2.5 - TR. 7

Team roles
TEAM ROLE = a tendency to behave, contribute and interrelate with others in a particular way.
Team roles are useful to balance well with one another According to Mr. M. Belbin, the ideal number for a management team is 9 :

plant

coordinator completer finisher

monitor evaluator resource investigator

implementer

sharper
International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

team worker

specialist
QU 2.5 - TR. 8

Team roles (2)

These 9 roles can be grouped into 3 categories

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

QU 2.5 - TR. 9

Team roles (3)

Having a diverse range of roles is crucial to the balance of a team and of an organization opposite complement and need each other

Look at a) Guidance note b) Activity QU 2.5 AS 4/5

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007 QU 2.5 - TR. 10

Characteristics of quality teams

Personal characteristics of a good team member needs include

cooperation

enthusiasm

sense of humour

team-mates need to share ideas, broadening their perspective, accepting the others values, respecting each others opinion
team mates need to be MOTIVATED in achieving mutually agreed upon tasks having a shared determination to succeed
International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007 QU 2.5 - TR. 11

Characteristics of quality teams (2)

Quality team mates must

be solution-oriented rather than problem focused

encourage collaboration rather than competition be innovative and flexible in strategies learn from problems emphasize improvement rather than maintenance demonstrate their commitment to quality encourage and recognize team effort

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

QU 2.5 - TR. 12

Characteristics of quality teams (3)

Get along with your team mates! good human relations increase productivity >65 % of performance problems is due to strained relationships 85 90 % of all jobs are lost because of the inability to get along with other people

with rapport is easier to get support and cooperation

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

QU 2.5 - TR. 13

Characteristics of quality teams (4)

Resolve your team conflicts! do not create a you versus me do not take physical action keep calm listen to other person negotiate with your team mates

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

QU 2.5 - TR. 14

Characteristics of quality teams (5)

Place you trust in other team mates! trust is essential to develop interpersonal relationships by trusting in others, you can check how reliable they are by trusting in others, you can feel free to express your feeling and your thoughts

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

QU 2.5 - TR. 15

Understanding team characteristics

In order to plan a teamwork strategy is essential to

HAVE A CLEAR PURPOSE The vision ( = picture of where the team will be in 5 years), the mission, the goals and the objectives must be decided and defined by all the team members.
UNDERSTAND THE ROLES AND THE STRUCTURE Team members must be clear about what is expected of them and what is expected by the others.
QU 2.5 - TR. 16

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

Understanding team characteristics (2)

DEFINE THE OUTPUT AND THE IMPACT IT HAS ON THE ORGANISATION Team must deliver the goods and understand how the teams work adds value to the organization.

USE DIVERSITY EFFECTIVELY The team members competencies must be adequately mixed. All views and opinions must be encouraged and used to enhance the team output.

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

QU 2.5 - TR. 17

Understanding team characteristics (3)

HAVE AN OPEN DECISION MAKING PROCESS AND A GOOD PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITY When making decisions, all the team member must contribute with data required to make sound decisions. DEVELOP GOOD EXTERNAL RELATIONS The team must have a solid network of support throughout the organization and a clear external relations strategy.

SELF- ASSESMENT Periodically, the team must stop to examine how well it is functioning.
International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007 QU 2.5 - TR. 18

Understanding team characteristics (4)

Climate characteristics which best lead to a quality teambased management system are TEAM MEMBER FULLFILMENT The team members must derive a high level of satisfaction from their role in the team and be challenged by their role and tasks. PARTICIPATION All team members must feel that they are contributing important added value to the team's output.
QU 2.5 - TR. 19

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

Understanding team characteristics (5)

ENERGY AND CREATIVITY The team must be creative, imaginative and not afraid to take risks. No idea must be considered absurd. OPEN COMMUNICATION Team members must feel free to express their opinion and feelings, there must be a high level of trust.
HUMAN RELATIONS

Team members must treat each other with respect and caring. There must be a high level of informality.
International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007 QU 2.5 - TR. 20

Understanding team characteristics (6)

CIVILIZED DISAGREEMENT Team members must give and receive constructive and nonaggressive criticism without fear or offence. Team relationships must be discussed openly.

LEARNING Team members must enjoy learning form each other. Personal development must be encouraged.
Look at a) Guidance note b) Activity QU 2.5 AS 5/5

International Training Centre of the ILO, 2007

QU 2.5 - TR. 21