PE On-Line Review

Session
IC: Water Management et. al.
Chris Henry, P.E.
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Agenda
Who am I
PE Exam, Study Guide, test taking tips
Section IC
Evaporation
Nutrient Management
Drainage
Irrigation
Pumps
Surface
Sprinkler




Have reference materials
Available for todays session
Standards, soil and water, and
Irrigation texts you intend to use.
Straight-edge and calculator
Who am I?
Why take the Ag Exam?
Civil has more reference materials, so the
test will be easier, and they are very easy
on my pocket book.
Civil tests more things that I am doing in
my job, they have a exam that is for me!
Ice cream is ice cream, what flavor would
you like?
Minimum competency, what is that?


Status of Study Guide
Sponsored by PEI of ASAE
Review Guide
Next Revision will be?
Practice Exam 60 out of 80 questions
completed

Most Asked Questions
How many books to bring


Which books do I bring?
How long should I study.
How should I study
How can I cover it all
What is considered passing

Tips: Before the Exam

If not local, travel to testing site
the night before. Know where
you are going.
Get a good nights rest the day
before the exam.
Plan your lunch.

Tips: During the Exam
Watch the amount of time spent on each
question.
Double check score sheet bubbles for
accuracy and completeness
Dont Relax
Tips: After the Exam
NCEES must score over 100,000 exams
every year.
You will receive a notification about 3-4
months after the examination day.



How to use the Study Guide
Study Guide problems alone will not prepare you
for the exam.

Problems should give you a understanding of
what to expect on exam.

Become familiar with where to find important
information in reference materials (i.e. where are
conversion factors, reference data, etc).
Todays Topics
Evaporation/Evapotranspiration
Irrigation
Nutrient Management/Loading Rates in
Soils
Water Quality
Other things I dreamt up
Evaporation
Where would we find such information?
What might we be asked?
Penman?
Pan?

Evapotranspiration (ET)

Reference Crops

Crop Coefficients

Pan Evaporation

Irrigation Scheduling
Evaporation
Evaporation
The mean annual lake evaporation in
inches in North Central Nebraska, is
most nearly:
A.50
B.60
C.70
D.80
Evaporation
The mean annual lake evaporation in
inches in North Central Nebraska, is
most nearly:
A.50
B.60
C.70
D.80
Answer 50, page 57 Schwab or most any
Hydrology or other soil water text.
Surface Water / Ground Water

Well Sizing

Well Development

Salinity Management



Water Quality
Water Quality
Which of the following causes the most
non-point source pollution to rivers in the
U.S.?
a) Microbial pathogens
b) Industrial waste discharges
c) Nutrients
d) Siltation
Water Quality
Which of the following causes the most
non-point source pollution to rivers in the
U.S.?
a) Microbial pathogens
b) Industrial waste discharges
c) Nutrients
d) Siltation
Answer D
Nutrient Management/Loading of
Soils
Could be easy-could be hard
There are only a few tables that are likely to be
used/exist
MWPS-18, MWPS-18 (series), Part 651 (Ag Waste
Management Field Handbook) and Manure
Production in Standards
Download Chapters 4, 6, and 10 (including
Appendix) from NRCS website
Waste Production Book Values or Dietary
Approach (Standard D384.1)

Nutrient Management
One feeder pig produces 12.4 lbs of manure per
day. Assuming that manure has the same
density as water, how much manure, in cubic
feet, is most nearly produced annually from a
1000 head barn that has 3 sets (or turns) per
year.

a) 40,000
b) 70,000
c) 76,000
d) 257,000
Nutrient Management
One feeder pig produces 12.4 lbs of manure per
day. Assuming that manure has the same
density as water, how much manure, in cubic
feet, is most nearly produced annually from a
1000 head barn that has 3 sets (or turns) per
year.

a) 40,000
b) 70,000
c) 76,000
d) 257,000
Answer B,
12.4/62.4*1000*365=72,532

Nutrient Management/Facilities
The maximum loading rate (pounds of
volatile solids per 1000 cubic foot per
day) for an anaerobic lagoon for animal
waste in North Dakota is most nearly:
a) 2.0
b)3.0
c) 4.0
d)5.0
Nutrient Management/Facilities
The maximum loading rate for an
anaerobic lagoon for animal waste in
North Dakota is most nearly:
a) 2.0
b)3.0
c) 4.0
d)5.0
B, 3.0, EP406.1 or Part 651 Ag Waste
Management Field Handbook
or MWPS-18-2
Loading of Soils Conversions
K 1.2 K2O
N 4.43 NO3
P 2.29 P2O5
N 1.29 NH4
cu ft 7.48 gallons
Runoff computation
Rational Method
SCS Curve Method
Channel design
Mannings equation
Shape formulae
Erosive and nonerosive
velocities (slopes &
vegetation)
Surface Drainage
Culvert design
inlet and outlet
conditions
Sedimentation basins
size
retention time
inlets and outlets
Terraces
Surface Drainage
Crop rooting depths
Ellipse equation (Hooghoudt
equation)
drain depth and spacing
hydraulic conductivity
drainage rates
Design flows
drainage coefficients in
humid regions
leaching fraction in arid
regions
Sub-Surface Drainage
Drain types
tile (tubing)
mole
Drain design
location
size (diameter and length)
materials
installation methods
inlets and outlets
Sub-Surface Drainage
Irrigation /Drainage
The flow capacity in cfs of a 4 inch plastic
corrugated drain tile at a slope of 1 ft/100
ft is most nearly:

a) 0.15
b)1.5
c) 2.0
d)4.5





Irrigation /Drainage
The flow capacity in cfs of a 4 inch
plastic corrugated drain tile at a slope of
1 ft/100 ft is most nearly:
C, 0.05, use nomograph
Drainage Design pg 307 or
ASABE standard EP260
1 ft/100 ft OR 1%
0.16 cfs or
4.5 L/s
*(0.0353)
Irrigation /Drainage
The flow capacity in cfs of a 4 inch
plastic corrugated drain tile at a slope of
1 ft/100 ft is most nearly:

a) 0.15
b)1.5
c) 2.0
d)4.5
C, 0.05, use nomograph
Drainage Design pg 307 or
ASABE standard EP260
Irrigation
Need at least One good irrigation reference
Pumps
Efficiency and Power
Affinity Law
Bernoulli
Everything is game
Sprinklers and emitters
Pipelines
Have a good reference for friction loss in all
types of pipes and fittings
Water Use and Efficiency
DESIGN OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

Water supply systems for the conveyance
and distribution of water to enhance
the growth of crops and the recovery
and/or reuse of water;includes surface,
sprinkler, trickle and sub-surface
systems as well as pumps, wells,
and pumping plants.

Conveyance Methods

Open Channels

Lined Canals

Unlined Canals

Pipelines

Surface Irrigation
Set-Move Systems

Solid-Set Systems

Continuous-Move Systems

Linear-Move Systems

Mainlines / Lateral Lines

Sprinkler Irrigation
Filtration Requirements / Filtration Systems

Drip Tape / Emitters

Emission Uniformity

Micro-Sprinklers

Mainlines / Manifolds / Laterals

Flow Regulation

Micro Irrigation
Injection Systems

Propagation Time

Water Supply Protection Requirements

Chemigation
Water Requirements

Sprinkler Head Selection

Head Spacing
Frost Protection
Application Efficiency

Application Uniformity

Conveyance Efficiency

Overall Efficiency

Operating and Capital Costs
System Performance
Mannings

Hazen-Williams

Pump Equations

Power Requirements

Affinity Laws for Centrifugal Pumps
Do you know where to find these
equations?
Irrigation
The power in HP that must be delivered
to a pump to maintain a flowrate of 800
gpm of water at 40 ft of head, with a
pump efficiency of 60% is most nearly:
a) 7.5
b)10
c) 15
d)20
Irrigation
The power in HP that
must be delivered to a
pump to maintain a
flowrate of 800 gpm of
water at 40 ft of head,
with a pump efficiency of
60% is most nearly:
a) 7.5
b) 10
c) 15
d) 20
Find equation for power
in Schwab or other
reference. Convert
units.
%
) )( ( 8 . 9
8 . 9
3
m
KW
E
Qh
KW
s
m
p
=
=
Irrigation
The power in HP that
must be delivered to a
pump to maintain a
flowrate of 800 gpm of
water at 40 ft of head,
with a pump efficiency of
60% is most nearly:
a) 7.5
b) 10
c) 15
d) 20
Answer 15 (actually 13), Use
equation, requires many
conversions, using Schwab as the
equation is only in metric.
HP
KW
HP
KW
KW
m
KW
m
f t
m
f t h
cf s s gal
f t gal
Q
s
m
s
m
s
m
13
34 . 1
89 . 9
89 . 9
60 . 0
12 ) 05 . 0 ( 8 . 9
12
3048 . 0
40
05 . 0
028317 . 0
60
min
48 . 7 min
800
3
3
3 3
=
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Irrigation
The operating pressure of a 1/8 inch
impact sprinkler with a nozzle coefficient
of 0.98 and a discharge of 3.51 gpm is
most nearly:
a) 35
b)40
c) 55
d)60
Irrigation
The operating pressure
of a 1/8 inch impact
sprinkler with a nozzle
coefficient of 0.98 and a
discharge of 3.51 gpm is
most nearly:
a) 35
b) 40
c) 55
d) 60
98 . 0
10 52 . 8
2
2
2 5
2
12
8
1
=
=
|
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|

\
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=
=

[
C
f t x x A
gh AC Q
Look up sprinklers in Schwab
or find equation for orifice flow
From other hydraulics reference.
Solve for area of orifice.
Irrigation
The operating pressure
of a 1/8 inch impact
sprinkler with a nozzle
coefficient of 0.98 and a
discharge of 3.51 gpm is
most nearly:
a) 35
b) 40
c) 55
d) 60
Convert gal to cfs.
Rearrange equation to solve
for pressure.
psi
f t
psi
f t h
f t h
h
g
f t x
cf s
gh
AC
Q
cf s
s gal
f t gal
Q
59
31 . 2
136
136
) ( 2
) 98 . 0 ( 10 52 . 8
00782 . 0
2
00782 . 0
60
min
48 . 7 min
51 . 3
2
2 5
3
=
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Irrigation
The operating pressure
of a 1/8 inch impact
sprinkler with a nozzle
coefficient of 0.98 and a
discharge of 3.51 gpm is
most nearly:
a) 35
b) 40
c) 55
d) 60
D, 60
psi
f t
psi
f t h
f t h
h
g
f t x
cf s
gh
AC
Q
cf s
s gal
f t gal
Q
C
f t x x A
gh AC Q
59
31 . 2
136
136
) ( 2
) 98 . 0 ( 10 52 . 8
00782 . 0
2
00782 . 0
60
min
48 . 7 min
51 . 3
98 . 0
10 52 . 8
2
2
2
2 5
3
2 5
2
12
8
1
=
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[
Irrigation
Which of the following statements is NOT true
for installation of thrust blocking on irrigation
piping with rubber gasket joints?
a) Thrust blocking is required where the pipe
changes size.
b)Thrust blocking is required where the pipe
changes slope.
c) Thrust blocking is required where there is an in-
line valve.
d)Thrust blocking is required at the end of the
pipeline.
Irrigation
This is an obvious standards question.
Use ASABE standards to solve. This is
located in the installation section of the
standard, Design, Installation, and
Performance of Underground
Thermoplastic Irrigation Pipelines S376
Irrigation
Which of the following statements is NOT true
for installation of thrust blocking on irrigation
piping with rubber gasket joints?
a) Thrust blocking is required where the pipe
changes size.
b)Thrust blocking is required where the pipe
changes slope.
c) Thrust blocking is required where there is an in-
line valve.
d)Thrust blocking is required at the end of the
pipeline.
Probably Soil Physics but I
dreamt this one up
If the soil material is used for liner for a swine
lagoon and the soil is highly calcarious and is
classified as a CL (Unified Soil Classification
System) soil. Which soil amendment would best
cost effectively decrease the permeability of the
soil:
a) Soda Ash (NaCO3)
b)Bentonite
c) Poly Acrylamide
d)All of the above
Probably Soil Physics but I
dreamt this one up
If the soil material is used for liner for a swine
lagoon and the soil is highly calcarious and is
classified as a CL (Unified Soil Classification
System) soil. Which soil amendment would best
cost effectively decrease the permeability of the
soil:
a) Soda Ash (NaCO3)
b)Bentonite
c) Poly Acrylamide
d)All of the above
A
Challenge Question
The maximum liquid operating level in a waste storage
pond is elevation 1212.0 feet. The bottom of the waste
storage pond is at elevation 1200.0 feet and has 4:1 side-
slopes. The pond has a storage capacity of 1,000,000
gallons. A soil liner will be used to minimize seepage from
the waste storage pond. The hydraulic conductivity of the
soil liner material is 1.9 X 10-7 cm/s. The maximum
allowable seepage rate is 0.25 inches/day. The thickness of
the soil liner in inches required in the bottom of the pond is
most nearly:
A.4
B.6
C.12
D.18
Do you remember Darcys Law?
k v
H k
h
v
h
h H
k v

=
=
=
=
=
+
=
) (
, Rearranged
(L) kness liner thic soil h
(L) (pressure) head or gradient H
(L/T) ty Conductivi Hydraulic k
(L/T) discharge specific
) (
dy
in
s
cm
dy
hr
hr
s
cm
in
x 0065 . 0
24 min 60
min
60
54 . 2
10 9 . 1
7
=
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k v
kH
d

=
Answer D, USDA NRCS National
Engineering Handbook Part 651
Agricultural Waste Management Field
Handbook, Appendix 10D-
Geotechnical, Design, and
Construction Guidelines
inches
ft x
ft
in
x
d
dy
in
dy
in
dy
in
8 . 3
0065 . 0 25 . 0
12
12
0065 . 0
=

=
The End
A Big Applause for PEI (Professional
Engineering Institute) for the financial support
by its members for this review session and the
other volunteer efforts of ASABE to support
licensure.

Special thanks to Rod for organizing this review
effort

chenry1@unl.edu