Explanation of the technology and their application How the technology works Variations of the technology Differences between

een WDM and other technologies

Wavelength-division multiplexing

Explanation of the Technology of the selected topic

Definition: sending signals of several different

wavelengths

Advantages of WDM
- Capacity - Cost - To avoid cross-talk

Wavelength Division Multiplexer is a device

WDM In Telecommunications - Adds flexibility Increase the

utilization

How the Technology Works

The highway principle and the ~25 THz optical fiber .

simultaneously

transmitting several different independent wavelengths

Basic Concept
1.

2.

laser must emit light at a different wavelength. all the lasers' light multiplexed together onto a single optical fiber.

Basic Concept
3.

Transmitted through a highbandwidth optical fiber .

Basic Concept
4.

Signals must be demultiplexed at the receiving end( by distributing the total optical
filter

power to each output port and then requiring that each receiver selectively recover only one wavelength by using a tunable optical

CWDM

Definition: no use of EDFA if some channel spacing and frequency stability. procedure: two or more signals , different wavelengths. development: two transceivers , (GBIC) (gigabit interface converter) and (SFP) (small formfactor pluggable) , easy conversion for transporting.

DWDM

Definition: use of EDFA in different ways and capabilities. Capable of EDFA: amplify any optical signal. Need more stable wavelength or frequency. Closer spacing wavelength.

How the technology of Wavelengthdivision multiplexing differs from other similar Technologies

WDM WDM WDM WDM WDM

Vs Vs Vs Vs Vs

TDM FDM SCM CDM SDM

WDM Vs TDM

TDM :electrical networks & optical network at < 100-Gbps(Lower-speed )

WDM Vs FDM

WDM: applies to an optical carrier. FDM :applies to a radio carrier. Medium: WDM: digital medium. FDM: analog medium

WDM Vs SCM

WDM :

modulating a ~terahertz optical carrier wave with ~100s Mbps base band data .(The multiplexing and demultiplexing: done optically )

sub carrier multiplexing (SCM) :

the base band data are impressed on a ~gigahertz sub carrier wave that is subsequently impressed on the THz optical carrier. .(The multiplexing and demultiplexing: done electronically )

WDM Vs CDM

Code-division multiplexing (CDM) :

each channel transmits its bits as a coded channel-specific sequence of pulses.

WDM Vs SDM

Space-division multiplexing (SDM)

:each channel occupies its own spatial coordinate, and all

other channels cannot be transmitted simultaneously on the same fiber

Q&A