GROUP 1

Alfonso, Jerusalem
Cruz, Ian Kevin
Estolonio, Dexter
INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
Industrial trucks are used to
move materials over variable
paths, with no restrictions on
 INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
The major types of industrial trucks
are:
1. Hand Truck
2. Pallet Jack
3. Walkie Stacker
4. Pallet Truck
5. Platform Truck
 INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
8. Narrow-Aisle reach Truck
9. Turret Truck
10.Order Picker
11.Sideloader
12.Tractor-Trailer
13.Personnel and Burden carrier
14.Automated Guided vehicle (AGV)
 INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
• Used to move materials over
variable (horizontal) paths with no
restrictions on the area covered
(i.e., unrestricted area)
• Provide vertical movement if the
truck has lifting capabilities
• Used when there is insufficient (or
 INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
• Provide more flexibility in
movement than conveyors and
cranes
• Not licensed to travel on public
roads—"commercial trucks" are
licensed to travel on public roads
 INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
Characteristics:
– Pallet/Non-Pallet:
– Manual/Powered
– Walk/Ride
– Stack/No Stack
– Narrow Aisle
– Automated
 1. HAND TRUCK
Non-pallet + manual + no
stack
 1. Hand Truck
• A hand truck, also known as a dolly,
two-wheel dolly, stack truck,
trolley, sack truck or bag barrow,
is an L-shaped box-moving handcart
with handles a wheels at the base,
with a small ledge to set objects t one
end, on, flat against the floor when
the hand-truck is upright.
 Hand Truck
• Some hand trucks are equipped
with stairclimber wheels, which, as
the name implies, are designed to
go up and down stairs
1(a) Two-Wheeled Hand Truck

Load tilted during travel

1(b) Dolly

Three or more wheeled hand truck with a flat

platform in which, since it has no handles, the
1(c) Floor Hand Truck

Four or more wheeled hand truck with handles

for pushing or hitches for pulling. Sometimes
 2. PALLET JACK

Pallet + walk + no stack

 2. Pallet Jack
• A pallet jack, also known as a pallet
truck or pump truck, is a tool used to
lift and move pallets.
• The front wheels are mounted inside the
end of the forks, and as the hydraulic
jack is raised, the forks are separated
vertically from the front wheels, forcing
the load upward until it clears the floor.
 2. Pallet Jack
• Pallet restrictions: reversible pallets
cannot be used, double-faced
nonreversible pallets cannot have
deckboards where the front wheels
extend to the floor, and enables
only two-way entry into a four-way
notched-stringer pallet because the
2(a) Manual Pallet Jack

Manual lifting and/or travel

2(a) Manual Pallet Jack
2(b) Powered Pallet Jack

Powered pallet jacks are motorized to allow

lifting and moving of heavier and stacked pallets
2(b) Powered Pallet Jack
3. WALKIE STACKER

Pallet + walk + stack

 Walkie Stacker
The walkie stacker model forklift
is design for a person to operate
the truck while walking not riding
the equipment
3(a) Manual Walkie

Manual lifting and/or travel (and

straddle load support)
3(b) Powered Walkie

Powered lifting and/or travel (and

either counterbalance or straddle
 Walkie Stacker
• A walkie stacker is extremely
important part of many
organization material handling
responsibilities. However, extreme
caution must be taken when using
their type of equipment. It’s
important to know as much as
Walkie Stacker
4. PALLET TRUCK

Pallet + ride + no stack

Pallet Truck

Same pallet restrictions as a pallet jack

Control handle typically tilts to allow operator to
Pallet Truck
 5. PLATFORM TRUCK

Non-pallet + powered + no stack

 Platform Truck
Platform used to provide
support for nonpalletized loads
Used for skid handling;
platform can lift skid several inches
to allow it to clear the floor
Greater lifting capacity
compared to fork trucks because
5(a) Walkie Platform

Operator walks next to truck

Floor hand truck is sometimes referred to as a
5(b) Rider Platform Truck

Operator can ride on truck

6. COUNTERBALANCED
(CB) LIFT TRUCK
 Counterbalanced (CB) Lift
• Also referred toTruck
as fork truck.
Weight of vehicle (and operator)
behind the front wheels of truck
counterbalances weight of the load (and
weight of vehicle beyond front wheels);
front wheels act as fulcrum or pivot
point.
Rated capacity reduced for load
Counterbalanced (CB) Lift

Image of an electric forklift with component

descriptions
 Component descriptions:
• Truck Frame - is the base of the
machine to which the mast, axles,
wheels, counterweight, overhead
guard and power source are
attached.
• Counterweight - is a heavy cast
iron mass attached to the rear of
• Cab - is the area that contains a
seat for the operator along with the
control pedals, steering wheel,
levers, switches and a dashboard
containing operator readouts. The
cab area may be open air or
enclosed, but it is covered by the
 Component descriptions:
• Overhead Guard - is a metal roof
supported by posts at each corner of the
cab that helps protect the operator from
any falling objects. On some forklifts, the
overhead guard is part of the frame
assembly
• Power Source - may consist of an
internal combustion engine that can be
 Component descriptions:
• Tilt Cylinders - are hydraulic cylinders
that are mounted to the truck frame and
the mast. The tilt cylinders pivot the
mast to assist in engaging a load.
• Mast - is the vertical assembly that does
the work of raising and lowering the
load. It is made up of interlocking rails
that also provide lateral stability. The
 Component descriptions:
• Carriage - is the component to which
the forks or other attachments mount. It
is mounted into and moves up and down
the mast rails by means of chains or by
being directly attached to the hydraulic
cylinder.
• Load Back Rest - is a rack-like
extension that is either bolted or welded
 Component descriptions:
• Attachments - may consist of forks or
tines that are the L-shaped members
that engage the load. A variety of other
types of material handling attachments
are available. These include sideshifters,
slipsheet attachments, carton clamps,
multipurpose clamps, rotators, fork
positioners, carpet poles, pole handlers,
 Attachments
• Sideshifter - is a hydraulic attachment
that allows the operator to move the
tines (forks) and backrest laterally. This
allows easier placement of a load
without having to reposition the truck
• Rotator - To aid the handling of skids
that may have become excessively tilted
and other specialty material handling
 Attachments
• Fork Positioner - is a hydraulic
attachment that moves the tines (forks)
together or apart. This removes the need
for the operator to manually adjust the
tines for different sized loads.
• Roll and Barrel Clamp Attachment -
A mechanical or hydraulic attachment
used to squeeze the item to be moved. It
 Attachments
• Pole Attachments - In some locations, such as
carpet warehouses, a long metal pole is used
instead of forks to lift carpet rolls. Similar
devices, though much larger, are used to pick
up metal coils.
• Carton and Multipurpose Clamp
Attachments - are hydraulic attachments that
allow the operator to open and close around a
load, squeezing it to pick it up. With these
attachments in use, the forklift truck is
 Attachments
• Slip Sheet Attachment (Push - Pull) - is a
hydraulic attachment that reaches forward,
clamps onto a slip sheet and draws the slip
sheet onto wide and thin metal forks for
transport. The attachment will push the slip
sheet and load off the forks for placement.
• Drum Handler Attachment - is a mechanical
attachment that slides onto the tines (forks). It
usually has a spring loaded jaw that grips the
top lip edge of a drum for transport.
 Attachments
• Man Basket - a lift platform that slides onto
the tines (forks) and is meant for hoisting
workers. The man basket has railings to keep
the person from falling and brackets for
attaching a safety harness.
• Telescopic Forks - are hydraulic attachments
that allow the operator to operate in warehouse
design for "double-deep stacking", which
means that two pallet shelves are placed
behind each other without any aisle between
Forklift control
and capabilities • Typical Load capacity
Forklift trucks are
available in many chart
variations and load
capacities. In a
typical warehouse
setting most forklifts
used have load
capacities between
one to five tons.
Larger machines, up
to 50 tons lift
capacity are used for
lifting heavier loads,
General • An important aspect of
operations forklift operation is that
Forklifts are rated for many have rear-wheel
loads at a specified steering. While this
maximum weight and
a specified forward increases
centre of gravity. maneuverability in tight
cornering situations, it
differs from a driver’s
traditional experience
with other wheeled
vehicles. While steering,
as there is no caster
 General operations
• Another critical characteristic of the
forklift is its instability. The forklift
and load must be considered a unit
with a continually varying centre of
gravity with every movement of the
load. A forklift must never negotiate
a turn at speed with a raised load,
 Forklift Use in Warehouse
and are
• Forklifts Distribution Centers
a critical element of warehouses
and distribution centers. It’s imperative that
these structures be designed to accommodate
their efficient and safe movement. A forklift
removing a 150-pound king-sized mattress from
a rack must easily navigate a 90-degree turn in
a 12-foot, 6-inch aisle. In the case of Drive-
In/Drive-Thru Racking, a forklift needs to travel
inside a storage bay that is multiple pallet
positions deep to place or retrieve a pallet.
• Since every pallet requires the
truck to enter the storage structure,
damage is more common than with
other types of storage. In designing
a drive-in system, dimensions of
the fork truck, including overall
width and mast width, must be
6(a) Sit-Down Counterbalanced

12-13 ft. minimum aisle width requirement

A sit-down counterbalanced lift truck is
6(b) Stand-Up Counterbalanced

Operator stands up, giving vehicle narrow-aisle

capability
9-11 ft. minimum aisle width requirement
7. NARROW-AISLE (NA)
STRADDLE TRUCK
Narrow Aisle
 • Outrigger arms straddle a load and
Narrow-Aisle (NA) are used to support the load
Straddle Truck instead of the counterbalance of
It is similar to counter the truck. 7-8 ft is the minimum
balanced lift truck. An aisle width requirement. It is less
apparatus and method in expensive than stand-up CB lift
the form of a vehicle for truck and NA reach truck.
transporting, lifting,
placing and retrieving
loads in narrow-aisle load
storage racks.
Narrow-aisle operation is
provided by vertically
movable, extensible
tracks which enter the
load space and rest upon
the racks thus permitting
8. NARROW-AISLE (NA)
REACH TRUCK
Narrow Isle
 Narrow-Aisle (NA) Reach
• Truck
Similar to both stand-up CB lift truck and NA
straddle truck
• 8-10 ft. minimum aisle width requirement
• Load rests on the outrigger arms during
transport, but a pantograph (scissors)
mechanism is used for reaching, thereby
eliminating the need to straddle the load during
stacking
• Counterbalance of the truck used to support the
Narrow-Aisle (NA) Reach

Reaching capability enables the use of shorter

outrigger arms (arms > 1/2 load depth) as
 Narrow-Aisle (NA) Reach
• Truck
The reach truck
If you handle pallet loads and want to
maximize storage density, this workhorse
will help get the job done. With today's
premium placed on increased storage space
utilization and productivity per employee, it
often pays to think narrow-aisle storage.
And the workhorse vehicle you'll want to
 Narrow-Aisle (NA) Reach
• Truck
Forty-five years of service
– Reach trucks have been used for many years.
They were invented nearly a half-century ago.
First introduced in 1954 to the North American
market, the electric reach truck has evolved
considerably since then. Manufacturers have
added many improvements to motors, controls,
mast, operator cab compartment, and other
features over the years. The result is that today's
truck is very highly sophisticated in its
 Narrow-Aisle (NA) Reach
• Truck
Lifting to high levels
Don't assume that the heaviest load
capacity can be raised all the way up to
the maximum lift or stacking height.
Many trucks will lift safely a full load only
to a height somewhere below the
maximum lifting or stacking height.
Unless you wish to store some lighter
 Narrow-Aisle (NA) Reach
• Truck
Ergonomics and operators
– Examine one of today's reach trucks and
you'll soon find evidence that thought has
gone into the ergonomics of operator
compartments and controls. Operators do
spend up to 7 hours a day standing in
these trucks so their comfort is vital. A
multi-functional joy stick directs vehicle
operations in many models, while others
9. TURRET TRUCK
 Turret Truck
• Greater stacking height compared to
other narrow-aisle trucks (40 ft. vs. 25
ft.), but greater investment cost
• Forks rotate to allow for side loading
and, since truck itself does not rotate
during stacking, the body of the truck
can be longer to increase its
counterbalance capability and to allow
9(a) Operator-Down

Operator not lifted with the load 5-6 ft. minimum aisle
width requirement .Termed a swingmast truck (picture
shown) when, instead of just the forks, the entire mast
9(b) Operator-Up Turret

Operator lifted with the load to allow precise

stacking and picking 5-7 ft. minimum aisle width
10. ORDER PICKER
Order Picker

Similar to NA straddle truck, except operator lifted

with the load to allow for less-than-unit-load picking.
Typically has forks to allow the truck to be used for
11. SIDELOADER
Sideloader

Forks mounted perpendicular to direction of

travel to allow for side loading and straddle load
12. TRACTOR-TRAILER
Non-load-carrying tractor used to pull a train of
trailers (i.e., dollies or floor hand trucks) Extends
13. PERSONNEL AND
BURDEN CARRIER
Personnel and Burden

Non-load-carrying vehicle used to transport

personnel within a facility (e.g., golf cart, bicycle,
THE END!!!