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LVDTs work Types of LVDTs AC vs. DC LVDTs Applications to Structural Engineering Costs
Types of LVDTs
Unguided
Captive
Armature
Armature
Armature
Spring-extended
Unguided Armature
Measured Object Armature must be attached to the specimen Armature fits loosely in the bore Body must be separately supported & properly aligned
Elevation/Cross-Section View
Unguided Armature
There
is no wear on the LVDT because no contact is made between armature and bore. LVDT does not restrict the resolution of measured data (infinite resolution).
Measured Motion
Elevation/Cross-Section View
Unguided Armature
Well-suited
time
displ.
Elevation/CrossSection View
Captive Armature
Measured Object Armature must be attached to the specimen Armature is both guided and restrained by a low friction assembly Body must be separately supported
Captive Armature
Advantages compared to unguided armature:
Preferred
Spring-Extended Armature
Measured Object
Like the captive armature, it has a low-friction bearing assembly Internal spring to continuously push the armature to its fullest possible extension
Elevation/Cross-Section View
Spring-Extended Armature
The
spring-extended armature is best suited for slow-moving applications. between armature and specimen is not required.
Attachment
AC vs. DC
AC LVDTs
Advantages compared to DC LVDTs:
Smaller More Can
size
accurate
Lower
DC LVDTs
Advantages compared to AC LVDTs:
Ease
of installation and signal conditioning. Signal conditioning equipment is part of the LVDT. operate from dry cell batteries lower system cost
Can
Usually
are reliable for measuring member deflection in many structural engineering experiments.
LVDTs
can measure displacement response directly in dynamic experiments. the LVDT to a stationary location
Mounting
is critical.
In general, costs of LVDTs range from $50 to $1600, without considering specialty LVDTs such as hermetically sealed.
Summary
LVDTs
are robust equipment for measuring deflection. AC LVDTs require separate signal conditioning equipment, while DC LVDTs include signal conditioning equipment on the device. There are three types of LVDT: unguided armature, captive armature, and spring-extended armature. AC LVDTs cost less than DC, but the entire measurement system must be considered.
References
Figure on slide 3 (How LVDTs work): http://www.daytronic.com/products/trans/lvdt/default.htm Figure on slide 12 (AC vs. DC): http://www.macrosensors.com/ms-lvdt_faq-tutorial.html Cost information obtained from Microsensors, Inc.
Links to LVDT manufacturers found in report by Tjen Nung Tjhin updated on April 24, 2001.