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Construction and demolition wastes are one of the largest waste streams in the country. Almost all job site wastes are recyclable. It costs less usually much less to recycle job site wastes than to throw them away. This C&D waste stream is enormous: about 130 million tons per year, or about 25% of all of the solid waste that is discarded in India. In total, from almost any job site, 90% to 95% of all waste materials can be recycled. The civil construction consume around 2/3 of natural wood of our forests(66 % wood). Construction, renovation and demolition activities leads to the formation of waste.
Objectives
To reduce landfill of wastes Recover over 75% of the material generated from a construction project Majority of the volume to a facility are Mixed C&D Loads Minority of the volume is pre-sorted.
Roofing Shingles
Asphalt Roads
Cardboard
Processed used New Cardboard Products
Plastic
Made into bottles, floor tile, paneling, plastic lumber, etc.
Renovation
Demolition
New Construction
40%
50%
10%
REDUCE
REUSE
RECYCLE
LANDFILL
Difference
Municipal Solid Waste With C&D Debris Commercial Industrial Institutional Residential Waste C&D Debris
Transfer Station
100% Landfill
Metals
Mature Markets For Ferrous & Non-Ferrous Metals Both markets are operating at high rates C&D industry is helping to meet the world needs for metal
Ferrous Metal
It is by far the most profitable and recyclable material. In India more than 80% scrap arising is recycled. Scrap steel is almost totally recycled and allowed repeated recycling. 100% steel can be recycled to avoid wastage at construction site.
Masonry
Masonry is normally crushed as recycled masonry aggregate. A special application of recycled masonry aggregate is to use it as thermal insulating concrete. Another potential application for recycled masonry aggregate is to use it as aggregate in traditional clay bricks.
Plastic
Emerging Market
The plastic wastes are best possible for recycling if these materials are collected separately and cleaned. Recycling is difficult if plastic wastes are mixed with other plastics or contaminants. Plastic recycled and used in products specifically designed for the utilization of recycled plastic, such as street furniture, roof and floor, PVC window noise barrier, cable ducting, panel.
PET & HDPE PVC
Wood Recycling
Whole timber arising from construction and demolition works can be utilized easily and directly for reused in other construction projects after cleaning, denailing and sizing.
Mulch
C&D wood is used to create colored mulch. Less moisture in C&D wood allows for minimum coloring. C&D mulch last longer and does not decompose as fast.
Animal Bedding
C&D wood is an excellent source for making bedding.
Wood Products
Reprocessing of wood into other products (Pressboard).
C&D wood has 80% the BTU value as coal. Fuel to energy is a very stable market for C&D wood. Most wood from Illinois, converted to energy, is done through plants outside of Illinois.
Drywall Recycling
Soil additives (Gypsum reduces the soils PH Factor) Animal bedding Treats run-off ponds in the livestock industry Reduces odor and bacteria Decreases medical shots for healthy livestock.
CONCLUSION
In order to reduce the construction and demolition waste, during the time of construction order only the correct amount of raw materials. Proper care should be taken to ensure the protection of materials being delivered and stored in the site. When a structure is being demolished, salvage as much of the more valuable fittings and materials as possible. Any suitable substitute for aggregate should be considered during the construction. It is the duty of an engineer to revaluate technical specification for materials where strength and safety do not have to be compromised to permit the use of recycled materials. As sorting and recycling facilities become more wide spread and better developed it will be easier to redirect our waste from landfill.
To Landfill
To Recycle