Hints and pointers on how to give oral

presentations
Preparation is crucial WHY?
- to give information?
Ask yourself: - to persuade (övertyga)?
- to present an argument?

WHOM FOR?
- who are the audience?
- what do they already
know?
- what do they need to
know?
- what would they find
interesting?
 HOW LONG?
- how much talk?
- how much time for visual aids
-how much time for questions?

WHAT SOURCES?
- written sources
- interviews
- study visits
- visual material
 IT IS ESSENTIAL TO USE A VARIETY OF
SOURCE MATERIALS!

Once finished, it’s time for the next step:

the PREPARATION
This is an ORAL PRESENTATION: TALK don’t read.

Work from NOTES – possibly written on cards

Use your OWN LANGUAGE as much as possible.

Visual Aids

Can offer a variety of benefits:

something to talk to
serve as an eye catcher;
reminder of what you’ve said
simplify complex information e.g. statistics
Remember:

keep your visual aids simple

limit the ideas presented on each one
LARGE LETTERS (bokstäver)
key expressions
use COLOR to add to the appearance
check grammar and spelling!!!!!
Make an outline of the presentation:

What will be mentioned in the introduction (a)?

What will be in the main part – development (b) –
of the presentation?
What will be in the conclusion (c)?
a) INTRODUCTION

yourself
your subject
your purpose (syfte)
the order of your presentation

An effective introduction should be brief (kortfattad) and to the point (koncis).

You might start with one of the following:

a surprising or unusual fact

a personal story
and interesting example
a quotation (citat) from an authority or expert
impressive or significant statistics.
b) DEVELOPMENT

This is the main part of your presentation so it is important that it is clear.

Remember the audience is only listening so:

do not give too much information too quickly

space out the main points
establish a logical order of points.

c) CONCLUSION

This section should not contain any new information. It should:

refer back to the purpose of the presentation as stated in the introduction

summarize (sammanfatta) the main points and state your main conclusions
ask if there are any questions
It is essential that you rehearse (repeterar, tränar) your presentation.
You should:

- if a group presentation, decide who is doing what

-check your timing – it must be right!!

- become familiar with your visual aids - Practise

- check that visual aids can be clearly seen at the back of the room

- check your pronunciation (uttal), spelling, grammar and intonation –

especially the third person “s”!!!

a) Physical

CLOTHES can be important – it is part of the message you

are giving to the audience.

STANCE – do not look as if you are bored or uncomfortable.

Use gestures.

Maintain contact with your audience. Smile occasionally (då

och då).

Look reasonably confident and enthusiastic - credibility

b) Voice:

Are you audible? (Hörs du?)

Are you speaking too fast?
Are you mumbling?
Are you talking to a visual aid instead of the audience?
Is your voice monotonous?
Do you have the right intonation?

Do not sigh! (Sucka inte)

c) Using Visual Aids

Only when they are Give your audience time to look

appropriate – not just because at them before talking about
they are pretty/funny etc. them.

Remember not to stand in front Use a pointer to direct the

of them. audience’s attention to them.

Switch off machines (OHP,

projector, VCR etc.) when they
are not being used.
Make sure the furniture in the room – chairs, desks etc. – are arranged
according to your desire.

Think about whether you are going to deliver standing up or…

Where are you going to stand? Can everyone in the room see you?
Nervousness is natural

Think of controlling your nerves

Breathe deeply

If your hands shake – do not hold anything,

make gestures.
If your knees knock – stand behind something.
You know what to say – not the audience.
Learn from your mistakes and do better next
time.
When in doubt - SMILE
First of all as you (may) know

May I begin by in other words

I would like to start by draw your attention to

to point out / as far as this indicates

as you can see on this… in other words

on the contrary on the other hand

on the whole in this particular/specific case

to sum up / finally in conclusion