TRANSFORMASI-Z

Transformsi-Z Langsung
Sifat-sifat Transformasi-Z
Transformasi -Z Rasional
Transformasi-Z Balik
Transformasi-Z Satu Sisi
TRANSFORMASI-Z LANGSUNG
Definisi :
Contoh Soal 8.1
Tentukan transformasi Z dari beberapa sinyal diskrit di bawah ini

=
n
n
z ) n ( x ) z ( X
{ }
{ }
{ }
{ } 1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 ) n ( x ). d
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 , 0 ) n ( x ). c
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 ) n ( x ). b
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 ) n ( x ). a
4
3
2
1
=
=
=
=
Jawab:
{ }
5 3 2 1
1
1
z z 7 z 5 z 2 1 ) z ( X
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 ) n ( x ). a

+ + + + =
=
{ }
3 1 1 2
2
2
z z 7 5 z 2 z ) z ( X
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 ) n ( x ). b

+ + + + =
=
{ }
7 4 3 2 1
3
3
z z 7 z 5 z 2 z ) z ( X
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 , 0 ) n ( x ). c

+ + + + =
=
{ }
3 1 1
4
4
z z 7 5 z 2 ) z ( X
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 ) n ( x ). d

+ + + =
=
Contoh Soal 8.2
Tentukan transformasi Z dari beberapa sinyal impuls di bawah ini
0 k ), k n ( ) n ( x ). c
0 k ), k n ( ) n ( x ). b
) n ( ) n ( x ). a
3
2
1
> + o =
> o =
o =
Jawab:
1 z ) n ( ) z ( X ). a
n
n
1
= o =

k
n
n
2
z z ) k n ( ) z ( X ). b

= o =

k
n
n
3
z z ) k n ( ) z ( X ). c = + o =

Contoh Soal 8.3

Tentukan transformasi Z dari sinyal
) n ( u
2
1
) n ( x
n
|
.
|

\
|
=
Jawab:
( )
1 A
A 1
1
A A A 1
A z
2
1
z
2
1
) z ( X
3 2
0 n
n
0 n
n
1
0 n
n
n
<

= + + + + =
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
.
|

\
|
=


=

1
1
z
2
1
1
1
) z ( X
2
1
z 1 z
2
1

|
.
|

\
|

= > <
1
n
z 1
1
) z ( X ) n ( u ) n ( x

o
= o =
1
z 1
1
) z ( X ) n ( u ) n ( x

= =
SIFAT-SIFAT TRANSFORMASI-Z
Linieritas
) z ( X a ) z ( X a ) z ( X ) n ( x a ) n ( x a ) n ( x
) z ( X ) n ( x ) z ( X ) n ( x
2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1
2 2 1 1
+ = + =

Contoh Soal 8.4
Tentukan transformasi Z dari sinyal
| | ) n ( u ) 3 ( 4 ) 2 ( 3 ) n ( x
n n
=
Jawab:
1 1
2 1
n
2
n
1
z 3 1
4
z 2 1
3
) z ( X 4 ) z ( X 3 ) z ( X
) n ( u ) 3 ( ) n ( x ) n ( u ) 2 ( ) n ( x

= =
= =
Contoh Soal 8.5
Tentukan transformasi Z dari sinyal-sinyal di bawah ini :
) n ( u ) n sin( ) n ( x ). b
) n ( u ) n cos( ) n ( x ). a
o
o
e =
e =
Jawab:
) n ( u e
2
1
) n ( u e
2
1
) n ( u ) n cos( ) n ( x ). a
n j n j
o
o o
e e
+ = e =
1 j 1 j
z e 1
1
2
1
z e 1
1
2
1
) z ( X
o o
e e

=
) z e z e 1 (
) 1 z e z e 1 (
2
1
) z e 1 )( z e 1 (
) e 1 ( ) e 1 (
2
1
) z ( X
2 j 1 j
1 j 1 j
1 j 1 j
j j
o o
o o
o o
o o
e e +
e e +
e e
e + e
+
+
=

+
=
2
o
1
o
1
o
z cos z 2 1
cos z 1
) z ( X n cos ) n ( x

+ e
e
= e =
) n ( u e
j 2
1
) n ( u e
j 2
1
) n ( u ) n sin( ) n ( x ). b
n j n j
o
o o
e e
= e =
1 j 1 j
z e 1
1
j 2
1
z e 1
1
j 2
1
) z ( X
o o
e e

=
) z e z e 1 (
) z e z e (
j 2
1
) z e 1 )( z e 1 (
) e 1 ( ) e 1 (
j 2
1
) z ( X
2 j 1 j
1 j 1 j
1 j 1 j
j j
o o
o o
o o
o o
e e +
e e +
e e
e + e
+

=


=
2
o
1
o
1
o
z cos z 2 1
sin z
) z ( X n sin ) n ( x

+ e
e
= e =
Scaling in the Z-domain
|
.
|

\
|
=

a
z
X ) z a ( X ) n ( x a ) z ( X ) n ( x
1
1
n
Contoh Soal 8.6
Tentukan transformasi Z dari sinyal-sinyal di bawah ini :
) n ( u ) n sin( a ) n ( x ). b ) n ( u ) n cos( a ) n ( x ). a
o
n
2 o
n
1
e = e =
Jawab:
2 2
o
1
o
1
1
z a cos az 2 1
cos az 1
) z ( X

+ e
e
=
2
o
1
o
1
o
z cos z 2 1
cos z 1
) z ( X n cos ) n ( x

+ e
e
= e =
2 1
o
1 1
o
1 1
1 o
n
1
) z a ( cos ) z a ( 2 1
cos ) z a ( 1
) z ( X n cos a ) n ( x


+ e
e
= e =
2 2
o
1
o
1
2
z a cos az 2 1
sin az
) z ( X

+ e
e
=
Time Reversal
) z ( X ) n ( x ) z ( X ) n ( x
1

Contoh Soal 8.7
Tentukan transformasi Z dari sinyal
) n ( u ) n ( x =
Jawab:
1
z 1
1
) z ( X ) n ( u ) n ( x

= =
z 1
1
) z ( X ) n ( u ) n ( x

= =
z 1
1
) z ( 1
1
) z ( X ) n ( u ) n ( x
1 1

= =

Diferensiasi dalam domain z
dz
) z ( dX
z ) n ( nx ) z ( X ) n ( x
Contoh Soal 8.8
Tentukan transformasi Z dari sinyal ) n ( u na ) n ( x
n
=
Jawab:
1
1
n
1
az 1
1
) z ( X ) n ( u a ) n ( x

= =
dz
) z ( dX
z ) z ( X ) n ( u na ) n ( x
1
n
= =
( )
2
1
2
1
1
az 1
az
) z (
az 1
1
dz
d
z
dz
) z ( dX
z ) z ( X

=
|
.
|

\
|

= =
( )
2
1
1
n
az 1
az
) n ( u na

( )
2
1
1
z 1
z
) n ( nu

Konvolusi antara dua sinyal

) z ( X ) z ( X ) z ( X ) n ( x * ) n ( x ) n ( x
) z ( X ) n ( x ) z ( X ) n ( x
2 1 2 1
2 2 1 1
= =

Contoh Soal 8.9
Tentukan konvolusi antara x
1
(n) dan x
2
(n) dengan :
Jawab:
{ }

s s
= =
lainnya , 0
5 n 0 , 1
) n ( x 1 , 2 , 1 ) n ( x
2 1
5 4 3 2 1
2
2 1
1
z z z z z 1 ) z ( X z z 2 1 ) z ( X

+ + + + + = + =
) z z z z z 1 )( z z 2 1 ( ) z ( X ) z ( X ) z ( X
5 4 3 2 1 2 1
2 1

+ + + + + + = =
7 6 1
2 1
z z z 1 ) z ( X ) z ( X ) z ( X

+ = =
{ } 1 , 1 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 1 , 1 ) n ( x * ) n ( x ) n ( x
2 1
= =
TRANSFORMASI Z RASIONAL
Pole dan Zero
Pole : harga-harga z = p
i
yang menyebabkan X(z) =
Zero : harga-harga z = z
i
yang menyebabkan X(z) = 0

=
+ + +
+ + +
= =
N
0 k
k
k
M
0 k
k
k
N
N
1
1 o
M
M
1
1 o
z a
z b
z a z a a
z b z b b
) z ( D
) z ( N
) z ( X

Fungsi Rasional
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
= = = =

o
N
1 N
o
1
N
o
M
1 M
o
1
M
N
o
M
o
o o
a
a
z
a
a
Z
b
b
z
b
b
z
z a
z b
) z ( D
) z ( N
) z ( X 0 b 0 a

N(z) dan D(z) polinom

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
= = = =

o
N
1 N
o
1
N
o
M
1 M
o
1
M
N
o
M
o
o o
a
a
z
a
a
Z
b
b
z
b
b
z
z a
z b
) z ( D
) z ( N
) z ( X 0 b 0 a

) p z ( ) p z )( p z (
) z z ( ) z z )( z z (
z
a
b
) z ( D
) z ( N
) z ( X
M 2 1
M 2 1
M N
o
o


= =

[
[
=
=

=
N
1 k
k
M
1 k
k
M N
) p z (
) z z (
z G ) z ( X
Contoh Soal 8.10
Tentukan pole dan zero dari
2 1
1
z 5 , 0 z 5 , 1 1
z 5 , 1 2
) z ( X

+

=
Jawab:
) 5 , 0 z )( 1 z (
) 75 , 0 z ( z 2
) 5 , 0 z )( 1 z (
75 , 0 z
z 2
5 , 0 z 5 , 1 z
75 , 0 z
z
z
1
2
) z ( X
1 2
2 2
1


=


=
+

=

75 , 0 z 0 z : Zero
2 1
= =
5 , 0 p 1 p : Pole
2 1
= =
Contoh Soal 8.11
Tentukan pole dan zero dari
2 1
1
z 5 , 0 z 1
z 1
) z ( X

+
+
=
Jawab:
5 , 0 z z
) 1 z ( z
) z ( X
2
+
+
=
1 z 0 z : Zero
2 1
= =
5 , 0 j 5 , 0 p 5 , 0 j 5 , 0 p : Pole
2 1
= + =
*
2 1
p p =
)] 5 , 0 j 5 , 0 ( z )][ 5 , 0 j 5 , 0 ( z [
) 1 z ( z
+
+
=
Fungsi Sistem dari Sistem LTI
) z ( X
) z ( Y
) z ( H ) z ( X ) z ( H ) z ( Y ) n ( x * ) n ( h ) n ( y = = =
) z ( H ) n ( h Respon impuls Fungsi sistem
Persamaan beda dari sistem LTI :
) k n ( x b ) k n ( y a ) n ( y
M
0 k
k
N
1 k
k
+ =

= =
k
M
0 k
k
k
N
1 k
k
z ) z ( X b z ) z ( Y a ) z ( Y

=

=

+ =
k
M
0 k
k
k
N
1 k
k
z ) z ( X b z ) z ( Y a ) z ( Y

=

=

+ =
k
M
0 k
k
k
N
1 k
k
z b ) z ( X ] z a 1 )[ z ( Y

=

=

= +
) z ( H
z a 1
z b
) z ( X
) z ( Y
k
N
1 k
k
k
M
0 k
k
=
+
=

Fungsi sistem rasional

) z ( H
z a 1
z b
) z ( X
) z ( Y
k
N
1 k
k
k
M
0 k
k
=
+
=

Hal khusus I : a
k
= 0, 1 s k s N
k M
M
0 k
k
M
k
M
0 k
k
z b
z
1
z b ) z ( H

=

=

= =
All-zero system
Hal khusus II : b
k
= 0, 1 s k s M
1 a
z a
b
z a 1
b
) z ( H
o
k
N
0 k
k
o
k
N
1 k
k
o
= =
+
=

=

All-pole system
pole-zero system
Contoh Soal 8.12
Tentukan fungsi sistem dan respon impuls sistem LTI :
Jawab:
) z ( X 2 ) z ( Y z
2
1
) z ( Y
1
+ =

) n ( x 2 ) 1 n ( y
2
1
) n ( y + =
) z ( X 2 ) z
2
1
1 )( z ( Y
1
=

1
z
2
1
1
2
) z ( H

= ) n ( u
2
1
2 ) n ( h
n
|
.
|

\
|
=
TRANSFORMASI -Z BALIK
Definisi transformasi balik

=
n
n
z ) n ( x ) z ( X
dz z ) z ( X
j 2
1
) n ( x
1 n
}

t
=

=
t
=

}
C luar di z bila , 0
C dalam di z bila ,
dz
) z ( f d
)! 1 k (
1
dz
) z z (
) z ( f
j 2
1
o
o
z z
1 k
1 k
C
k
o
o
Teorema residu Cauchy :
Ekspansi deret dalam z dan z
-1

=
n
n
n
z c ) z ( X
Contoh Soal 8.13
Tentukan transformasi-z balik dari
2 1
z
2
1
z
2
3
1
1
) z ( X

+
=
Jawab:

4 3 2 1
z
16
31
z
8
15
z
4
7
z
2
3
1 ) z ( X

+ + + + =

=
n
n
z ) n ( x ) z ( X
)
`

= ,
16
31
,
8
15
,
4
7
,
2
3
, 1 ) n ( x
Ekspansi fraksi-parsial dan tabel transformasi-z
) z ( X ) z ( X ) z ( X ) z ( X
K K 2 2 1 1
o + + o + o =
Contoh Soal 8.14
Tentukan transformasi-z balik dari
Jawab:
) n ( x ) n ( x ) n ( x ) n ( x
K K 2 2 1 1
o + + o + o =
2 1
z 5 , 0 z 5 , 1 1
1
) z ( X

+
=
) 5 , 0 z )( 1 z (
z
5 , 0 z 5 , 1 z
z
) z ( X
2
2
2

=
+
=
) 5 , 0 z (
A
) 1 z (
A
5 , 0 z 5 , 1 z
z
z
) z ( X
2 1
2

=
+
=
) 5 , 0 z (
1
) 1 z (
2
) 5 , 0 z (
A
) 1 z (
A
5 , 0 z 5 , 1 z
z
z
) z ( X
2 1
2

=
+
=
) z 5 , 0 1 (
1
) z 1 (
2
) z ( X
1 1

=
) n ( u ] ) 5 , 0 ( 2 [ ) n ( x
2
=
) 5 , 0 z )( 1 z (
) 1 z ( A ) 5 , 0 z ( A
) 5 , 0 z (
A
) 1 z (
A
5 , 0 z 5 , 1 z
z
2 1 2 1
2

+
=

=
+
5 , 0 z 5 , 1 z
) A A 5 , 0 ( z ) A A (
) 5 , 0 z (
A
) 1 z (
A
5 , 0 z 5 , 1 z
z
2
2 1 2 1 2 1
2
+
+ +
=

=
+
1 A 2 A 1 A 5 , 0 A 5 , 0 A
2 1 1 1 1
= = = =
1 2 2 1 2 1
A 5 , 0 A 0 A A 5 , 0 1 A A = = + = +
Contoh Soal 8.15
Tentukan respon impuls dari suatu sistem LTI (Linear Time
Invariant) yang dinyatakan oleh persamaan beda :
Jawab:
) z ( X z 5 , 9 ) z ( X 5 , 4 ) z ( Y z 2 ) z ( Y z 3 ) z ( Y
1 2 1
+ = + +
) z 5 , 9 5 , 4 )( z ( X ) z 2 z 3 1 )( z ( Y
1 2 1
+ = + +
2 1
1
z 2 z 3 1
z 5 , 9 5 , 4
) z ( X
) z ( Y
) z ( H

+ +
+
= =
) 1 n ( x 5 , 9 ) n ( x 5 , 4 ) 2 n ( y ) 1 n ( y 3 ) n ( y + = + +
2 1
1
z 2 z 3 1
z 5 , 9 5 , 4
) z ( H

+ +
+
=
2 z 3 z
5 , 9 z 5 , 4
z
) z ( H
2
+ +
+
=
2 z
5 , 0
1 z
5
2 z
A
1 z
A
z
) z ( H
2 1
+

+
=
+
+
+
=
1 1
z ) 2 ( 1
5 , 0
z ) 1 ( 1
5
) z ( H

=
) n ( u ] ) 2 ( 5 , 0 ) 1 ( 5 [ ) n ( h
n n
=
Contoh Soal 8.16
Tentukan output dari suatu sistem LTI (Linear Time Invariant) yang
dinyatakan oleh persamaan beda :
Jawab:
) z ( X z 5 , 9 ) z ( X 5 , 4 ) z ( Y z 2 ) z ( Y z 3 ) z ( Y
1 2 1
+ = + +
) 1 n ( x 5 , 9 ) n ( x 5 , 4 ) 2 n ( y ) 1 n ( y 3 ) n ( y + = + +
0 ) 2 ( y 0 ) 1 ( y = =
dan mendapat input x(n) = (-3)
n
u(n) ) n ( y ) n ( y
zs
=
) z 5 , 9 5 , 4 )( z ( X ) z 2 z 3 1 )( z ( Y
1 2 1
+ = + +
1 1
n
z 3 1
1
z ) 3 ( 1
1
) z ( X ) n ( u ) 3 ( ) n ( x

+
=

= =
) z ( X ) z 5 , 9 5 , 4 ( ) z 2 z 3 1 )( z ( Y
1 2 1
+ = + +
1
1 2 1
z 3 1
1
) z 5 , 9 5 , 4 ( ) z 2 z 3 1 )( z ( Y


+
+ = + +
) z 3 1 )( z 2 z 3 1 (
) z 5 , 9 5 , 4 (
) z ( Y
1 2 1
1

+ + +
+
=
) z 3 1 )( z 2 z 3 1 ( z
) z 5 , 9 5 , 4 ( z
z
) z ( Y
1 2 1 3
1 2

+ + +
+
=
) 3 z )( 2 z )( 1 z (
) z 5 , 9 z 5 , 4 (
) 3 z )( 2 z 3 z (
) z 5 , 9 z 5 , 4 (
z
) z ( Y
2
2
2
+ + +
+
=
+ + +
+
=
) 3 z )( 2 z )( 1 z (
) z 5 , 9 z 5 , 4 (
) 3 z )( 2 z 3 z (
) z 5 , 9 z 5 , 4 (
z
) z ( Y
2
2
2
+ + +
+
=
+ + +
+
=
) 3 z (
A
) 2 z (
A
) 1 z (
A
) 3 z )( 2 z )( 1 z (
) z 5 , 9 z 5 , 4 (
3 2 1
2
+
+
+
+
+
=
+ + +
+
) 3 z )( 2 z )( 1 z (
) 2 z 3 z ( A ) 3 z 4 z ( A ) 6 z 5 z ( A
z
) z ( Y
2
3
2
2
2
1
+ + +
+ + + + + + + +
=
0 A 2 A 3 A 6
5 , 9 A 3 A 4 A 5
5 , 4 A A A
3 2 1
3 2 1
3 2 1
= + +
= + +
= + +
2
2 3 6
3 4 5
1 1 1
D = =
5 , 2
2
5
D
2 3 0
3 4 5 , 9
1 1 5 , 4
A
1
=

= =
1
2
2
D
2 0 6
3 5 , 9 5
1 5 , 4 1
A
2
= = =
6 A 5 , 4 A 1 5 , 2
3 3
= = + +
) z 3 1 (
6
) z 2 1 (
1
) z 1 (
5 , 2
) z ( Y
) 3 z (
6
) 2 z (
1
) 1 z (
5 , 2
z
) z ( Y
1 1 1
+
+
+
+
+

=
+
+
+
+
+

=
) n ( u ] ) 3 ( 6 ) 2 ( ) 1 ( 5 , 2 [ ) n ( y
n 2 n
zs
+ + =
Pole-pole berbeda semua
N
N
k
k
1
1
p z
A
p z
A
p z
A
z
) z ( X

+ +

+ +

=
N
N k
k
1
1 k k
p z
A ) p z (
A
p z
A ) p z (
z
) z ( X ) p z (

+ + + +

k
p z
k
A
z
) z ( X ) p z (
k
=

=
Contoh Soal 8.17
Jawab:
Tentukan zero-state response dari suatu sistem LTI yang mendapat
input x(n) = u(n) dan dinyatakan oleh persamaan beda :
) 2 n ( x 8 ) 1 n ( x 28 ) n ( x 5 ) 2 n ( y 8 ) 1 n ( y 6 ) n ( y + = + +
) z ( X z 8 ) z ( X z 28 ) z ( X 5 ) z ( Y z 8 ) z ( Y z 6 ) z ( Y
2 1 2 1
+ = + +
1 2 1
2 1
z 1
1
z 8 z 6 1
) z 8 z 28 5 (
) z ( Y


+ +
+
=
1
z 1
1
) z ( X

=
1 z
A
4 z
A
2 z
A
) 1 z )( 8 z 6 z (
) 8 z 28 z 5 (
z
) z ( Y
3 2 1
2
2

+
+
+
+
=
+ +
+
=
1 z
A
4 z
A
2 z
A
) 1 z )( 4 z )( 2 z (
) 8 z 28 z 5 (
z
) z ( Y
3 2 1
2

+
+
+
+
=
+ +
+
=
14
6
84
) 3 )( 2 (
8 56 20
) 1 z )( 4 z (
8 z 28 z 5
z
) z ( Y ) 2 z (
A
2 z
2
1
=

+ +
=
+
+
=
+
=
=
20
10
200
) 5 )( 2 (
8 112 80
) 1 z )( 2 z (
8 z 28 z 5
z
) z ( Y ) 4 z (
A
4 z
2
2
= =

+ +
=
+
+
=
+
=
=
1
15
15
) 5 )( 3 (
8 28 5
) 4 z )( 2 z (
8 z 28 z 5
z
) z ( Y ) 1 z (
A
1 z
2
3
=

=
+
=
+ +
+
=

=
=
1 z
1
4 z
20
2 z
14
z
) z ( Y

+
+
+
+

=
1 1 1
z 1
1
z 4 1
20
z 2 1
14
) z ( Y

+
+
+
+

=
) n ( u ] 1 ) 4 ( 20 ) 2 ( 14 [ ) n ( y
n n
zs
+ =
Ada dua pole yang semua
N
N
k
k 2
2
k
k 1
1
1
p z
A
p z
A
) p z (
A
p z
A
z
) z ( X

+ +

+ +

=
k
p z
2
k
k 1
z
) z ( X ) p z (
A
=

=
k
p z
2
k
k 2
z
) z ( X ) p z (
dz
d
A
=
(

=
Contoh Soal 8.18
Jawab:
Tentukan transformasi-Z balik dari :
2 1 1
) z 1 )( z 1 (
1
) z ( X

+
=
) 1 z (
A
) 1 z (
A
1 z
A
) 1 z )( 1 z (
z
z
) z ( X
3
2
2 1
2
2

+
+
=
+
=
4
1
) 1 z (
z
z
) z ( X ) 1 z (
A
1 z
2
2
1
=

=
+
=
=
4
3
) 1 z (
z 2 z
) 1 z (
) z )( 1 ( ) 1 z )( z 2 (
) 1 z (
z
dz
d
z
) z ( X ) 1 z (
dz
d
A
1 z
2
2
2
2
2 2
3
=
+
+
=
+
+
=
(

+
=
(

=
=
) n ( u ]
4
3
n
2
1
) 1 (
4
1
[ ) n ( x
n
+ + =
2
1
) 1 z (
z
z
) z ( X ) 1 z (
A
1 z
2 2
2
=
+
=

=
=
Pole kompleks
* p p p p
2 1
= =
2 1 1
1 1
1 1
z * pp z * p pz 1
pz * A * A z * Ap A
z * p 1
* A
pz 1
A



+
+
=

1
2
2
1
1
1
z p 1
A
z p 1
A
) z ( X

=
* A A A A
2 1
= =
2
2
1
1
1
1 o
2 1
1
z a z a 1
z b b
z * pp z *) p p ( 1
z ) p * A * Ap ( *) A A (

+ +
+
=
+ +
+ +
) A Re( 2 * A A b
) A Re( 2 ) A Im( j ) A Re( ) A Im( j ) A Re( * A A
o
= + =
= + + = +
) p Re( 2 *) p p ( a
) p Re( 2 ) p Im( j ) p Re( ) p Im( j ) p Re( * p p
1
= + =
= + + = +
2
2
2
2 2
p * pp a p ) p ( Im ) p ( Re
)] p Im( j ) p )][Re( p Im( j ) p [Re( * pp
= = = + =
+ =
) p Im( ) A Im( 2 ) p Re( ) A Re( 2
)] p Im( j ) p )][Re( A Im( j ) A [Re(
)] p Im( j ) p )][Re( A Im( j ) A [Re( p * A * Ap
+ =
+ +
+ = +
*) Ap Re( 2 ) p * A * Ap ( b
] p Im( ) A Re( ) A Im( ) p [Re( j )] p Im( ) A Im( ) p Re( ) A [Re(
)] p Im( j ) p )][Re( A Im( j ) A [Re( * Ap
1
= + =
+ + =
+ =
Contoh Soal 8.19
Jawab:
Tentukan transformasi-Z balik dari :
2 1
1
z 5 , 0 z 1
z 1
) z ( X

+
+
=
2
2
1
1
1
1 o
2 1
1
z a z a 1
z b b
z 5 , 0 z 1
z 1
) z ( X

+ +
+
=
+
+
=
5 , 0 ) A Re( 1 ) A Re( 2 b
o
= = =
5 , 0 ) p Re( 1 ) p Re( 2 a
1
= = =
5 , 0 *) Ap Re( 1 *) Ap Re( 2 b
1
= = =
5 , 0 ) p ( Im ) p ( Re 5 , 0 p a
2 2
2
2
= + = =
5 , 0 ) p ( Im 25 , 0 ) p ( Im ) p ( Re
2 2 2
= + = +
5 , 0 ) A Re( 5 , 0 ) p Re( = =
5 , 0 j 5 , 0 p 5 , 0 ) p Im( 25 , 0 ) p ( Im
2
+ = = =
) 5 , 0 j 5 , 0 )]( A Im( j 5 , 0 [ * Ap + =
25 , 0 j 5 , 0 A 25 , 0 ) A Im(
5 , 0 ) A Im( 5 , 0 25 , 0 *) Ap Re(
+ = =
= + =
1 1
1 1
z ) 5 , 0 j 5 , 0 ( 1
25 , 0 j 5 , 0
z ) 5 , 0 j 5 , 0 ( 1
25 , 0 j 5 , 0
z * p 1
* A
pz 1
A
) z ( X




+
+
+
=

=
1 1
z ) 5 , 0 j 5 , 0 ( 1
25 , 0 j 5 , 0
z ) 5 , 0 j 5 , 0 ( 1
25 , 0 j 5 , 0
) z ( X



+
+
+
=
45 j 45 j
e 707 , 0 5 , 0 j 5 , 0 e 707 , 0 5 , 0 j 5 , 0

= = +
n 45 sin ) 707 , 0 ( 5 , 0 n 45 cos ) 707 , 0 (
) n 45 sin j n 45 )(cos 707 , 0 )( 25 , 0 ( j
) n 45 sin j n 45 (cos ) 707 , 0 )( 5 , 0 (
) n 45 sin j n 45 )(cos 707 , 0 )( 25 , 0 ( j
) n 45 sin j n 45 (cos ) 707 , 0 )( 5 , 0 (
) e 707 , 0 )( 25 , 0 j 5 , 0 ( ) e 707 , 0 )( 25 , 0 j 5 , 0 ( ) n ( x
n n
n
n
n
n
n 45 j n 45 j
=

+
+ +
+ =
+ + =
TRANSFORMASI-Z SATU SISI
Definisi :
Contoh Soal 8.20
Tentukan transformasi Z satu sisi dari beberapa sinyal diskrit di
bawah ini

=
+
=
0 n
n
z ) n ( x ) z ( X
{ }
{ }
{ }
{ } 1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 ) n ( x ). d
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 , 0 ) n ( x ). c
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 ) n ( x ). b
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 ) n ( x ). a
4
3
2
1
=
=
=
=
Jawab:
{ }
5 3 2 1
1
1
z z 7 z 5 z 2 1 ) z ( X
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 ) n ( x ). a
+
+ + + + =
=
{ }
3 1
2
2
z z 7 5 ) z ( X
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 ) n ( x ). b
+
+ + =
=
{ }
7 4 3 2 1
3
3
z z 7 z 5 z 2 z ) z ( X
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 , 1 , 0 ) n ( x ). c
+
+ + + + =
=
{ }
3 1
4
4
z z 7 5 ) z ( X
1 , 0 , 7 , 5 , 2 ) n ( x ). d
+
+ + =
=
Contoh Soal 8.21
Tentukan transformasi Z satu sisi dari beberapa sinyal impuls di
bawah ini
0 k ), k n ( ) n ( x ). c
0 k ), k n ( ) n ( x ). b
) n ( ) n ( x ). a
7
6
5
> + o =
> o =
o =
Jawab:
1 z ) n ( ) z ( X ). a
0 n
n
5
= o =

=
+
k
0 n
n
6
z z ) k n ( ) z ( X ). b

=
+
= o =

0 z ) k n ( ) z ( X ). c
0 n
n
7
= + o =

=
+
Time Delay
] z ) n ( x ) z ( X [ z ) k n ( x
k
1 n
n k

=
+
+
Contoh Soal 8.22
Tentukan transformasi Z satu sisi dari x
1
(n) = x(n-2)
dimana x(n) = a
n
u(n )
1
n
az 1
1
) z ( X ) n ( u a ) n ( x

+

= =
| |
2 1 1
1
2
2 2
2
1 n
n 2
1
a z a
az 1
z
z ) 2 ( x z ) 1 ( x X z
z ) n ( x X z ) z ( X

+
=
+ +
+ +

=
+ + =
(

+ =

Jawab:
Time advance
] z ) n ( x ) z ( X [ z ) k n ( x
1 k
0 n
n k

=
+
+
Jawab:
1
n
az 1
1
) z ( X ) n ( u a ) n ( x

+

= =
| |
az z
az 1
z
z ) 1 ( x ) 0 ( x X z
z ) n ( x ) z ( X z X
2
1
2
1 2
1
0 n
n 2
2

=
+ =
(

+
=
+ +

Contoh Soal 8.23

Tentukan transformasi Z satu sisi dari x
2
(n) = x(n+2)
dimana x(n) = a
n
u(n )
Contoh Soal 8.24
Tentukan output dari suatu sistem LTI (Linear Time Invariant) yang
dinyatakan oleh persamaan beda :
Jawab:
0 ] z ) 2 ( y z ) 1 ( y ) z ( Y [ z 2
] z ) 1 ( y ) z ( Y [ z 3 ) z ( Y
2 2
1
= + + +
+ +
+
+ +
) 1 n ( x 5 , 9 ) n ( x 5 , 4 ) 2 n ( y ) 1 n ( y 3 ) n ( y + = + +
5 , 7 ) 2 ( y 5 , 8 ) 1 ( y = =
dengan input x(n) = 0 ) n ( y ) n ( y
zi
=
2 1
1
2 1
1
z 2 z 3 1
5 , 10 z 17
z 2 z 3 1
) 5 , 7 ( 2 z ) 5 , 8 ( 2 ) 5 , 8 ( 3
) z ( Y

+
+ +
+
=
+ +

=
) 2 ( y 2 z ) 1 ( y 2 ) 1 ( y 3 ] z 2 z 3 1 )[ z ( Y
0 ] z ) 2 ( y z ) 1 ( y ) z ( Y [ z 2
] z ) 1 ( y ) z ( Y [ z 3 ) z ( Y
1 2 1
2 2
1
= + +
= + + +
+ +
+
+
+ +
) 2 z )( 1 z (
17 z 5 , 10
2 z 3 z
17 z 5 , 10
z
) z ( Y
2
+ +
+
=
+ +
+
=
+
2 z
A
1 z
A
) 2 z )( 1 z (
17 z 5 , 10
2 z 3 z
17 z 5 , 10
z
) z ( Y
2 1
2
+
+
+
=
+ +
+
=
+ +
+
=
+
4
1
4
1 z
17 z 5 , 10
z
) z ( Y ) 2 z (
A
5 , 6
1
5 , 6
2 z
17 z 5 , 10
z
) z ( Y ) 1 z (
A
2 z
2
1 z
1
=

=
+
+
=
+
=
= =
+
+
=
+
=
=
+
=
+
1 1
z 2 1
4
z 1
5 , 6
2 z
z 4
1 z
z 5 , 6
) z ( Y

+
+
+
+
=
+
+
+
=
n n
zi
) 2 ( 4 ) 1 ( 5 , 6 ) n ( y + =
Contoh Soal 8.25
Jawab:
Tentukan output dari suatu sistem LTI yang mendapat input x(n) =
u(n) dan dinyatakan oleh persamaan beda :
3 ) 2 ( y 4 ) 1 ( y
) 2 n ( x 8 ) 1 n ( x 28 ) n ( x 5 ) 2 n ( y 8 ) 1 n ( y 6 ) n ( y
= =
+ = + +
] z ) 2 ( x z ) 1 ( x ) z ( X [ z 8 ] z ) 1 ( x ) z ( X [ z 28
) z ( X 5 ] z ) 2 ( y z ) 1 ( y ) z ( Y [ z 8
] z ) 1 ( y ) z ( Y [ z 6 ) z ( Y
2 2 1
2 2
1
+ + + +
= + + +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
] z 8 z 28 5 )[ z ( X
24 z 32 24 ] z 8 z 6 1 )[ z ( Y
2 1
1 2 1
+
+
+ =
+ + +
] z 8 z 28 5 )[ z ( X
24 z 32 24 ] z 8 z 6 1 )[ z ( Y
2 1
1 2 1
+
+
+ =
+ + +
=

+
+ = + +


+
1
2 1
1 2 1
z 1
z 8 z 28 5
z 32 ] z 8 z 6 1 )[ z ( Y
) z 1 )( z 8 z 6 1 (
z 8 z 28 5 z 32 z 32
) z ( Y
1 2 1
2 1 2 1


+
+ +
+ +
=
) z 1 )( z 8 z 6 1 (
z 24 z 4 5
) z ( Y
1 2 1
2 1


+
+ +
+
=
) 1 z )( 8 z 6 z (
24 z 4 z 5
z
) z ( Y
2
2
+ +
+
=
+
) 1 z )( 4 z )( 2 z (
24 z 4 z 5
) 1 z )( 8 z 6 z (
24 z 4 z 5
z
) z ( Y
2
2
2
+ +
+
=
+ +
+
=
+
4 z
A
2 z
A
1 z
A
) 1 z )( 4 z )( 2 z (
24 z 4 z 5
3 2 1
2
+
+
+
+

=
+ +

1
15
15
) 5 )( 3 (
24 4 5
) 4 z )( 2 z (
24 z 4 z 5
A
1 z
2
1
=

=
+
=
+ +
+
=
=
2
6
12
) 3 )( 2 (
24 8 20
) 1 z )( 4 z (
24 z 4 z 5
A
2 z
2
2
=

=
+
+
=
=
4
10
40
) 5 )( 2 (
24 16 80
) 1 z )( 2 z (
24 z 4 z 5
A
4 z
2
3
= =


=
+
+
=
=
4 z
4
2 z
2
1 z
1
z
Y
+
+
+
+

=
+
1 1 1
z 4 1
4
z 2 1
2
z 1
1
Y

+
+
+
+
+

=
) n ( u ] ) 4 ( 4 ) 2 ( 2 1 [ ) n ( y
2 n
+ + =