Technological University of the Philippines - Manila Graduate Program

College of Industrial Education

MAT 537 TECHNOLOGY IN CLOTHING AND RELATED ARTS

REPORTED BY: (MRS.) MILAGROS B. CARLOS SUBMITTED TO: GREMILDA IGLOSO Ed. D. PROFESSOR

Elements of
Reported by:

(Mrs.) Milagros B. Carlos

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1. COLOR
Color is a radiant energy loosely terms light that produces sensation in our eyes. In selecting clothes, color is very essential in our clothes and should suit the occasion to attend.

There are three main components of color: Hue: Where the color is positioned on the color wheel. Terms such as red, blue-green, and mauve all define the hue of a given color. Value: The general lightness or darkness of a color. In general, how close to black or white a given color is.

Saturation: The intensity, or level of chroma, of a color. The more gray a color has in it, the less chroma it has.

Primary Colors are red, blue and yellow. They are the basic colors where colors originated from. Secondary Colors are combinations of primary colors such as yellow and blue produces green, red and blue produces violet, red and yellow produces orange. Intermediate Colors stem from the combinations of primary and secondary colors. Pure red blending gradually turns to orange, orange blending into pure yellow, yellow blending into green, and green blending into blue and blue blending into violet, violet into pure red. Tertiary Colors are obtained by mixing to secondary colors. Mix orange and green to produce citrine, green and violet to produce olive, violet and orange to produce russet. Neutral Colors are the white, black and gray and are predominantly grayish or brownish.

COLOR HARMONY IN CLOTHING

MONOCHROMATIC HARMONY used various values and intensities of one color or one color with black and white. Example: Red, light red, and dark red. Use a combination of these color to add contrast in a garment. ANALOGOUS HARMONY utilizes color , which are closely related on the color wheel that contains similar components such as red, red orange and red violet. They are the most preferred combination. COMPLEMENTARY OR SPLIT COLOR HARMONY involves direct opposites on the color wheel such as red and green or blue and orange. TRIADIC COLOR HARMONY is any three colors that are of the same distance on the color wheel.

2. LINES
Refer to the direction of the fabric designs as well as the structures of the finish garment. There are two kinds of lines in garment:

1. Directional Line such as vertical, horizontal, diagonal, checkered, broken, and curved. These affect the height and size of an individual. Lines are served as clothing design like the art of printing flowers, dots, and others on fabric.

2. Structural Lines are found on necklines, arm holes, hem-lines, darts, side seams, sleeves, collars, tucks, and pleats of garments.

3. SHAPES OF FACES
Refer to the form of a person which shows the curves of the body. This include the shape of the face, of the neckline in the full body or figure. There are different shapes of face: 1. Oval - egg shaped that is round at the top and slightly elongated at the chin.

2. Round - resembles the shape of a moon, where neckline should be given careful consideration.

3. Triangle - top is wider that the ear side going smaller to the chin.

4. Square - top head is equal with the jaw.

5. Heart shape - round at the top and slightly curve at the chin like a human heart.

3.a. SHAPES OF NECKLINES

Neckline emphasizes the shape of the face and that careful planning is necessary to produce the best features of a person. The neck finish should be perfectly made and the design is suitable to the wearer.

1. A combination of vertical and horizontal lines produce square necklines.

HIGH SQUARE

MODERATELY LOW SQUARE

LOW SQUARE

2. Diagonal lines produce V - necklines.

HIGH V-NECKLINE

MODERATELY LOW V-NECKLINE

LOW V-NECKLINE

3. Curve line produces round necklines.

HIGH ROUND NECKLINE

LOW ROUND NECKLINE

MODERATELY LOW ROUND NECKLINE

4. A horizontal line produces Sabrina Boat or Bateau necklines.

HIGH SABRINA

MODERATELY LOW SABRINA

LOW SABRINA

5. A combination of vertical and curved lines produce U-shaped necklines.

HIGH U-SHAPE

MODERATELY LOW U-SHAPE

LOW U-SHAPE

6. Curved lines produce scallop necklines.

HIGH SCALLOP

MODERATELY LOW SCALLOP

LOW SCALLOP

3.b. BODY SHAPES OR FIGURES

Body shapes or figures refer to the over-all structure of the body. This maybe of any combined qualities in height, size, and shape. a. TALL AND SLIM -has longer body length with broad shoulders, small bust, waist, and hip. Loose blouses with yokes, collar, sleeves, and pockets will give a nice effect. Pleated skirts or pants will complete the attire. b. TALL AND STOUT - has big bust and the waist and hips are proportion to the height. Fitted blouses with vertical, horizontal or diagonal lines will create slim appearance. Blouses with low V, U or square neckline will be appropriate and belted knee-length will shorten the height.

c. PEAR SHAPE has broad hips and small shoulders. Blouses with collars and short sleeves will have a good effects to balance the hips. Straight or fitted skirts will be more complimentary to the figure.

d. FULL BUSTED - has an inverted triangular shape, full at the bust. Loose blouses and dark colored skirts are good for this type. e. SHORT - WAISTED BODICE - has short upper bodies in relation to its lower part. Yoke skirts will lengthen the short figure as well as blouses with length beyond the second hips.

4. TEXTURES One should give importance in selecting the textures of fabric for a dress. Fabrics with a rough or still textures hang straight. People with round figures should avoid using clothes with this kind of textures for it shows bulkiness while soft textures reveal one's figure .

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN IN CLOTHING

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN IN CLOTHING The attractive finish garment is carefully handled by the designer who applied the elements of design like color, line, shape, and texture.

1. HARMONY - attained when there is unity among the elements of design like colors, lines, shapes, and texture that contribute equally to produce a pleasing effect on a garment.

2. PROPORTION - all parts of the garment are related in size, length, and width. Good taste is shown by having the measurements of body parts proportional to the garments to best achieve the desired effect. This can also be attain through the proper arrangement of buttons and pockets and other designs.

3. BALANCE - has equal amount of weight from the center of interest to all different directions. There are two types of balance and these are :

a. Formal Balance - a dress with formal balance has the same design on both sides from the center

b. Informal Balance - the size of a dress have different designs from the center.

4. RHYTHM - achieved when the eye moves smoothly and is easily able to connect all details of interest from all points of design. Rhythm in a design can be attain through repetition, opposition, radiation and gradation of design in color, line, size, and shape, including buttons and accessories. OPPOSITION - there are points of intersection in lines from opposing directions.

Checkered

REPETITION of lines, color, and shape

RADIATION - the shirring of the neckline radiate down to the hemline of the garment.

TRANSITION - a change of design from pleats on waistline to fitted skirt at the hemline.

GRADATION - graduated size of pockets: Small, Medium, and Large

5. EMPHASIS - attracts the eyes to one feature making all other secondary. In order to emphasize a design, one must use contrasting colors, decoration or accessories.

A flower decoration emphasizes the shape and design of the dress.

The Necklace emphasizes the neckline of the dress.

A flower decoration emphasizes waistline.

The belt emphasizes the Waistline.