Session Initiation Protocol SIP

PTCL Training & Development

Session Initiation Protocol SIP

Call Setup is faster: few messages Future protocol: SIP based phones Has more capacity to handle more calls Its a newer version may discard backward compatibility ses S!P like H"#$# uses H"$%& for messages 'stablish sessions over purely IP networks for ((!

Session Initiation Protocol SIP

+n end)to)end oriented signaling protocol which means, that all the logic is stored in end devices -e.cept routing of SIP messages/ 'stablishes sessions for features: audio0videoconferencing, interactive gaming, and call forwarding 'nables service providers to integrate basic IP telephony services with 1eb, e)mail, and chat services signaling functions are based on H"$$& recommendation specifies the use and support of 2"3#4023#$ signaling messages

SIP Messages, Call & Control

+C -user agent client/ make re5uests and the +S -user agent server/ return answers to client re5uests SIP defines the communication through two types of messages, *he re5uests -methods/ and the answers -state codes/ 6SIP 7ethods89 contains :I -uniform resource identifier/ ser :e5uest Identifier called :e5uest) ;ine 6SIP +nswers8 -State Codes/9 *he answers or :esponses of the above SIP 7ethods

SIP Components
*o establish sessions SIP has following components to perform the session functions:
4" ser +gent: +C -sends0receives SIP re5uests/ +S -sends answers to SIP re5uests/ $" Servers: Pro.y -establishes calls between users/ :edirect -generates (can all $e redirection answers/ in same :egister -accepts register re5uests, machine) gives location and address of user/

SIP relies on SDP(Session Description Protocol) to exchange session contents like H323 uses H2 !

SIP Call Setup %xample

0ocation Ser1er I-.I/% x()&*to'com x()&*to'com x()5 I-.I/% x()&*to'com +rom, a$c&itsp'com 23 4C3 4C3 SIP Ser1er Me#ia Stream x()&*to'com

+rom, a$c&itsc'com

23

a$c&itsp'com

S IP Call S etup %x am ple

;e#irect Ser1er I-.I/% x()&*to'com x()5 63!'78'2 '9:
+rom, a$c&itsc'com

Mo1e# Contact 63!'78'2 '9: a$c&itsp'com 4C3 x()&63!'78'2 '9: SIP Ser1er

I-.I/% x()&63!'78'2 '9: +rom, a$c&itsp'com 23 4C3 Me#ia Stream

SIP %ntities an# 4##ress

SIP entities identify a user by its SIP :I - niform :esource Identifiers/ '.amples of SIP :I:
user&#omain, where domain is a full domain name user&machine, where machine is the name of the machine user&ip<a##ress, where address is the IP address of the machine telephone<num$er&gate*a(, where the gateway allow to access through the PS*< to the called number

= SIP i#enti"ication solution, can $e also $ase# on the

SIP Messages & ;esponses

SIP 7essages:
I<(I*' ))) Initiate Call +C= )))) Confirm final response >?' )))) :elease Call C+<C'; ))) Cancel re5uest :'@IS*': ))) :egister with ;S

SIP :esponse:
Client 'rror %A% ))) <ot found Server error &AA ))) Internal Server error Client error %B% ))) +ddress incomplete

SDP #escri$es, /(pe o" me#ia (.>.>D), "ormat (C2D%CS ?'728, ?'736 etc), transport protocol (;/P>@DP>IP) an# transport a##ress (@DP port num$ers)

;eAuests (Metho#s) I<(I*' +C= >?' Initiate Call Confirm final response :elease Call

SIP ;eAuests & ;esponses "e*BB

4.. $.. #.. %.. Success :edirection

;espones (4ns*ers) Informational

C+<C'; Cancel Pending re5uest CP*IC< S :'@IS* ':

Failure of :e5uest Server Failure @lobal failure

Features Supported &.. :egister with ;ocation Server D..