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Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
The objective of Chapter 9 is to address the question of whether a currently owned asset should be kept in service or immediately replaced.
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
Before-tax PW example
Acme owns a CNC machine that it is considering replacing. Its current market value is $25,000, but it can be productively used for four more years at which time its market value will be zero. Operating and maintenance expenses are $50,000 per year Acme can purchase a new CNC machine, with the same functionality as the current machine, for $90,000. In four years the market value of the new machine is estimated to be $45,000. Annual operating and maintenance costs will be $35,000 per year.
Should the old CNC machine be replaced using a beforetax MARR of 15% and a study period of four years?
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
Example solution
Defender
Challenger
Proper analysis requires knowing the economic life (minimum EUAC) of the alternatives.
The EUAC of a new asset can be computed if the capital investment, annual expenses, and year-by-year market values are known or can be estimated. The difficulties in estimating these values are encountered in most engineering economy studies, and can be overcome in most cases.
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
Finding the EUAC of the challenger requires finding the total marginal cost of the challenger, for each year. The minimum such value identifies the economic life.
This equation represents the present worth, through year k, of total costs. (Although the sign is positive, it is a cost. Eq. 9-1.)
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
Marginal costs:
O&M Depreciation Int. on capital TC
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
O&M Depreciation
Int. on capital TC
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Replacement cautions.
In general, if a defender is kept beyond where the TC exceeds the minimum EUAC for the challenger, the replacement becomes more urgent. Rapidly changing technology, bringing about significant improvement in performance, can lead to postponing replacement decisions. When the defender and challenger have different useful lives, often the analysis is really to determine if now is the time to replace the defender. Repeatability or cotermination can be used where appropriate.
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
Abandonment example
A machine lathe has a current market value of $60,000 and can be kept in service for 4 more years. With an MARR of 12%/year, when should it be abandoned? The following data are projected for future years.
Year 1 Net receipts Market value Year 2 Year 3 Year 4
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
Abandonment solution
Keep for one year
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
which reflects not only annual taxes but also tax effects of the sale of the asset. The total marginal cost, for each year, is (eq. 9-4)
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
We must also consider the possible tax effects of the sale of the defender.
The MV of the asset must be compared to the BV to assess the possible tax implications, and this should be reflected in the opportunity cost of keeping the defender. The net ATCF, if the defender is kept, after taxes, is
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
Engineering Economy, Fifteenth Edition By William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, and C. Patrick Koelling
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.