Presented By:Rasmiranjan Tarai Biswabhusan Nayak Abhishek Kumar Nilamani Umashankar Jena

Contents
Introduction Why feed water treatment ? What are the types of impurities? Types of water treatment processes? What is Demineralization plant?? Condensate polishing unit?

Introduction:Sources of water:Surfa e water:- ri!ers" lakes" reser!#irs et $ Under%r#und water:& wells and s'rin%s Rain water Sea water

Types of impurities..
Suspended particles macro size!:-

Sand" (irt" Silt et $ these are #ntributes turbidity t# raw water$ Colloidal particles :-)i r# si*e 'arti le+,,--mm. "rganic #atters:- Farming, Paper Making, And Domestic & Industrial Wastes. Dissol$ed form:- Alkaline salts " Neutral salts %l&aline salts :-bi arb#nates" arb#nate / hydrates #f alsium " ma%nesium and s#dium$ 'eutral salts :- sul'hates" hl#rides"nitrates #f al ium"ma%nesium and s#dium$ Dissol$ed (ases :- 01 / 201

Why feed water treatment ?

Pre!enti#n #f hard s ale f#rmati#n #n the

heatin% surfa e$ 3liminati#n #f #rr#si#n in different #m'#nents$ Pre!enti#n #f sili a de'#siti#n / er#si#n dama%e t# turbine blades$ 4i%h )ake U' 5ater 2#nsum'ti#n$ 6re7uent 6ailures #f Systems / 37ui'ment$ 0'timi*in% thermal 'erf#rman e$

)a8imi*e #m'#nent lifetime$

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5AT3R 6905 (:A;RA)

RAW WATER CLARIFLOCCUL ATOR GRAVITY FILTER

U/G STORAGE TANK

D.M. PLANT SOFTENING PLANT

BOILER MAKEUP C.W. MAKEUP

DRINKING WATER

COOLING WATER
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PRE-TREATMENT PROCESS
LIME ! C"2
ALUM ! POLYMER

CLARIFIED WATER STORAGE TANK

STILLING C#AMBER

CLFR B

TO CT MAKE UP

TO GSF

RAW WATER

CLFR A

SLUDGE TO SLUDGE PIT

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)*ternal Treatment:2larifi ati#n:-feed water is hl#rinated t#

're!ent bi# f#ulin% #f the e7ui'ment$ Alum d#sin%:- sus'ended s#lids / turbidity are #a%ulated by addin% aluminum sul'hate and a%itated$ The #a%ulated matter settles at the b#tt#m #f the larifier / is rem#!ed$ A %ranular medium is like sand is #mm#nly used f#r filtrati#n$

WATER #ARDNESS
4ard water is usually defined as water whi h #ntains a hi%h

#n entrati#n #f al ium and ma%nesium i#ns$ 2#mm#n s#ur es-lime st#ne and d#l#mite$ 4#we!er" hard water is 'r#blemati f#r a !ariety #f reas#ns$ 3ffe t #f hardness in water:,$4ard water makes s#a' 're i'itate #ut #f water and f#rm a s um" su h as the rin% whi h f#rms ar#und bathtubs$ 1$ 4ard water may als# ause taste 'r#blems in drinkin% water$ <$ (e'#siti#n #f s ales #n heat transfer surfa es$ Ty'es #f 4ardness::$ Tem'#rary hardness: 2arb#nate hardness is alled tem'#rary hardness be ause it an be rem#!ed by b#ilin% water$ ::$ Permanent hardness: N#n arb#nate hardness is alled 'ermanent hardness be ause it an n#t be rem#!ed by b#ilin%$

SOFTENING MET#OD
9ime s#ftenin% :#n e8 han%e meth#d

L'() *+,-).'./0 T# han%e al ium and ma%nesium #m'#und t# al ium arb#nate and ma%nesium hydr#8ide$ 5hen s#da ash is used t# rem#!e

n#n arb#nated hardness" an e!en hi%her '4 is re7uired ,-$- t# ,-$= f#r al ium #m'#unds and ,,$- t# ,,$= f#r ma%nesium #m'#unds$

1&

C"+ , Ca "-!+

CaC". , -+"

2al ium #m'#unds rea t with lime in the rea ti#n sh#wn bel#w Ca -C".!+ , Ca "-!+ +CaC". , +-+" #g -C".!+ , Ca "-!+ #gC". , Ca "-!+ CaC". , #gC". , +-+" CaC". , #g "-!+

:f n#n- arb#nate hardness als# needs t# be rem#!ed fr#m

water" then s#da ash must be added t# the water al#n% with lime #gS"/ , Ca "-!+ #g "-!+ , CaS"/ CaS"/ , 'a+C". CaC". , 'a+S"/
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L'() S+12 S+,-).'./

Lime and/or Soda Ash Hard Water Mi ing Flocculation

$%&

Sedimentation So#t Water

Sedimentation

!ecar"onation Sludge
S"31/)
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:#n e8 han%e
S#dium y le i#n e8 han%e #nsists #f 'assin%

raw water thr#u%h a s#dium i#n e8 han%e resin bed that has been re%enerated with s#dium hl#ride

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RESIN

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2I3.WT0

%C2

S%C

D(

S4%

#4

D#W ST"0%() T%'1S

11/24/13

D# W%T)0
15 15

I. ACF B)1 4)(+5)* -6) 4)*'132" C"2 2.1 ,'.) -347'1'-8

94)*).- '. ,'"-)4)1 :2-)4 A,-)4 ACF; :2-)4 ).-)4* -6) SAC B)1; :6)4) -6) C2-'+.* '. :2-)4 24) 4)9"2<)1 :'-6 #= 2* ,+""+:*0 R > # = N2 C" R > N2 = #C" 2 R > # = C2SO4 R2C2 = #2SO4 2 R > # = C2?#CO3@2 R2C2 = 2#2CO3 A"" C2-'+.* 24) )A<62./)1 '. SAC B)1 -+ ,+4( 2<'1* "'B) #C"; #2SO4; #NO3 )-<. B'<247+.2-) '* )A<62./)1 '. SAC ,+4( <247+.'< 2<'1 ?#2CO3@. I. -6) D)/2**)4 -6) :2-)4 '* *9428)1 ,4+( -+9 2.1 2'4 7"+: ?:6'<6 62* 5)48 ")** CO2 <+.-).-@ '* /'5). '. <+3.-)4 1'4)<-'+.. #2CO3 #2O = CO2 16 T6) 94+<)** '* *'('"24 -+ 4)(+52" +, 1'**+"5)1 O2 '.

T6) 1)/2**)1 :2-)4 '* -6). 93(9)1 -64+3/6 SBA

B)1; :6)4) 2.'+.* 24) 4)9"2<)1 :'-6 O# - -+ ,+4( :2-)4 2* /'5). 7)"+:: R-OH + HCl RCl + H2O 2 R-OH + H2SO4 R2SO4 +2H2O #I5)D 4)D:M'A)1 B)1 ?MB@ <+.-2'.* 2 ('A-34) +, SAC 2.1 SBA 4)*'.* 2.1 2<- 2* C9+"'*6'./ 3.'-D ,+4 :2-)4 ,4+( SBA. T6) +3-93- +, MB '* CD)('.)42"'E)1 W2-)4D 2.1 '* 942<-'<2""8 ,4)) ,4+( 2"" '+.*. DM :2-)4 '* 625'./ 2 <+.13<-'5'-8 F&.2 S/<( 2.1 2 9# +, 6.$ 7.&
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REGENERATION OF DM-STREAMS F+4 4)/).)42-'./ -6) R)*'. 7)1*; 2<'1 2.1 2"B2"' 24) 3*)1. SAC 4)*'. 7)1 '* 4)/).)42-)1 3*'./ #C". A.'+. 7)1 ?SBA@ '* 4)/).)42-)1 78 N2O# '.G)<-'+.. T6) 4)/).)42-'+. ),,"3).- <+.-2'.'./ 2<'1 2.1 2"B2"' '* .)3-42"'E)1 '. N 9'- 2.1 93(9)1 -+ ETP ,+4 1'*9+*2".

1$

B#iler water treatment

#YDRAHINE DOSING AMMONIA DOSING CEP

D.M. WATER

CST

CONDENSER

D/A

TURBINE

STEAM

BOILER BFP T.S.P. DOSING 1%

S"60C)S "2 I#760ITI)S I' ST)%#

By e!a'#rati#n fr#m the b#iler drum By entrainment #f b#iler water dr#'lets in

saturated steam$ As im'urity 'resent in feed water used in desu'er heater s'ray$

2&

4$P$ (0S:N;
4P d#sin% is d#ne in the b#iler$ Tris#dium 'h#s'hate is added t# 'r#!ide

the re7uired am#unt #f alkalinity in b#iler system$ Na<P0>?410 Na14P0>?410 Na14P0> ? Na04 Na41P0> ? Na04 Na2l ?
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Na04 ? 42l +As :m'urity. 410

9$P$(0S:N;
:t is als# kn#wn as A))0N:A / 4@(RAA:N3

4@(RAT3 (0S:N;$ Amm#nia is used t# in reasin% the '4 #f the system and 4ydra*ine is used t# rem#!e the #8y%en

N14> ? 01 <N14>

N1 ? 410 >N4< ? N1

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633( 5AT3R 20R0SS:0N

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%ll 8olatile Treatment ::n ABT "alkaline !#latile material is added" A hea!y ma%neti material is 'r#du ed" but as it is '#r#us" s# the #rr#si#n and er#si#n 'r# ess remains a ti!e$ (isad!anta%es:P#r#us in nature 9ess stability 9ess adheren e N#t resistant t# a

elerated #rr#si#n and er#si#n$

0emedies: "*ygenated treatment

0T %ains '#'ularity as it 're!ents fl#w a

elerated #rr#si#n$

:n 0T" hi%h le!el 'ure #8y%en is inje ted in the #utlet #f #ndensin% '#lishin%

unit$
)a%neti '#res are bl# ked s# less am#unt #f ir#n is 'resent in the feed

water system$
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#r#si#n rate BS 'h

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R3B3S3 0S)0S:S PR023SS

the re!erse #sm#sis 'r# ess ell#'hane-like membranes se'arate

'urified water fr#m #ntaminated water$ R0 is when a 'ressure is a''lied t# the #n entrated side #f the membrane f#r in% 'urified water int# the dilute side" the reje ted im'urities fr#m the #n entrated side bein% washed away in the reje t water F2<-+4* 2,,)<-'./ *8*-)( 2.1 94+<)** 9)4,+4(2.<) T6) 9)4,+4(2.<) +, 2 *8*-)( 1)9).1* +. ,2<-+4* *3<6 2* ()(742.) -89); ,"+: <+.-4+"; ,))1 :2-)4 I32"'-8; -)(9)42-34) 2.1 94)**34).
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Thank y#uC

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