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Copyright 2010 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs to accompany Deegan, Australian Financial Accounting 6e
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Objectives
Understand the nature of non-controlling interests (previously referred to as minority interests) Understand why we calculate non-controlling interests Understand how to calculate non-controlling interests share in share capital and reserves, and current period profit Understand how to calculate goodwill (or bargain gain on purchase) in the presence of non-controlling interests Understand how non-controlling interests should be disclosed within consolidated financial statements
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Non-controlling interests
Example Company A (parent entity) owns 75% of Company B Remaining 25% held by investors who are not part of the economic entity The outside investors are referred to as non-controlling interests
Non-controlling interest is defined in AASB 127 as:
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Non-controlling interests
Where subsidiary partly owned by parent entity (i.e. less than 100% interest), both the parent entity and the non-controlling interests will have an ownership interest in the subsidiarys profits, dividend payments, and share capital and reserves As part of consolidation process, need to work out the amount to be attributed to non-controlling interests
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Disclosure requirements
Disclosure requirements: non-controlling interests AASB 127 requires separate disclosure of the non-controlling interests share of capital, retained profits or accumulated losses AASB 127 (par. 27)
non-controlling interests shall be presented in the consolidated statement of financial position within equity, separately from the equity of the owners of the parent. par. 28 of AASB 127 explains: Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income are attributed to the owners of the parent and to the and non-controlling interests. Total comprehensive income is attributed to the owners of the parent and the non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance. refer to Exhibits 30.1, 2 & 3 on pages 943 and 944 for sample disclosures
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(c) non-controlling interests in the net assets of consolidated subsidiaries are identified separately from the parent shareholders equity in them. Non-controlling interests in the net assets consist of (i) the amount of those non-controlling interests at the date
of the original combination calculated in accordance with AASB 3 (ii) the non-controllings share of changes in equity since the date of combination
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Specifically, paragraphs 18 and 19 of AASB 3 state: 18 The acquirer shall measure the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at their acquisition-date fair values. 19 For each business combination, the acquirer shall measure any non-controlling interest in the acquiree either at fair value or at the non-controlling interests proportionate share of the acquirees identifiable net assets.
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As with 100 % owned subsidiaries, the carrying values of subsidiaries assets must be adjusted to fair value prior to the elimination of the parent entitys investment. This is necessary to prevent the amount of goodwill calculated on consolidation from being wrongly stated, as the equity (net assets) of the subsidiary would be undervalued (where the fair value of the net assets exceeds their carrying amount). The existence of non-controlling interests does not change the requirement for the assets and liabilities of a subsidiary to be measured at fair value as at acquisition date. If the parent entity does not acquire all of the shares of the subsidiary it does not acquire an interest in all the share capital and reserves. There will be a non-controlling interest. Consider Worked Examples 30.1 and 30.2 (pp 948 and 949) which consider and contrast situations where non-controlling interests are measured at either:
the proportionate share of the acquirees identifiable net assets, or, at fair value
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Worked example 30.1: Non-controlling interest measured at the proportionate share of the acquirees identifiable net assets On 1 July 2012, Parent Entity acquired 70 per cent of the share capital of Subsidiary Ltd for $800 000, which represented the fair value of the consideration paid, when the share capital and reserves of Subsidiary Ltd were: Share capital $700 000 Revaluation surplus $200 000 Retained earnings $100 000 $1 000 000 All assets of Subsidiary Ltd were recorded at fair value at acquisition date, except for some plant that had a fair value $50 000 greater than its carrying amount. The cost of the plant was $250 000 and it had accumulated depreciation of $180 000. The tax rate is 30 per cent. Required Prepare the consolidation eliminations and adjustments to recognise the pre-acquisition capital and reserves of Subsidiary Ltd, assuming that the non-controlling interest was measured at the proportionate share of the acquirees identifiable net assets.
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Worked example 30.1: Non-controlling interest measured at the proportionate share of the acquirees identifiable net assets (cont)
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Worked example 30.1: Non-controlling interest measured at the proportionate share of the acquirees identifiable net assets (cont)
The consolidation journal entries would be: Dr Accumulated depreciationplant 180 000 Cr Plant 180 000 (to close off accumulated depreciation in accordance with the net method of asset revaluation) Dr Plant Cr Revaluation surplus Cr Deferred tax liability (to recognise the revaluation increment after tax) 50 000
35 000 15 000
Dr Share capital (70% of 700 000)) 490 000 Dr Revaluation reserve (70% of 235 000) 164 500 Dr Retained earnings (70% of 100 000) 70 000 Dr Goodwill 75 500 Cr Investment in Subsidiary Ltd 800 000 (to recognise the goodwill acquired by Parent Entity and to eliminate the parents interest in preacquisition capital and reserves) Dr Share capital 210 000 Dr Revaluation surplus 70 500 Dr Retained earnings 30 000 Cr Non-controlling interest 310 500 (to recognise the non-controlling interest in contributed equity and reserves at date of acquisition)
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Assume the same information as in Worked Example 30.1 above, except this time we will apply the other option available within the accounting standard and value the non-controlling interest in the acquiree at fair value.
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Worked example 30.2: Non-controlling interest measured at fair value (cont) 30% NonSubsidiary Parent Ltds Controlling Ltd 70% interest interest ($) ($) ($)
Fair value of consideration transferred plus Non-controlling interest measured at fair value ($800 000 30/70) 800 000 342 857 1 142 857 800 000 342 857
less Fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed Share capital on acquisition date Revaluation surplus on acquisition date Retained earnings on acquisition date Fair value adjustment ($50 000 (1 tax rate))
GOODWILL ON ACQUISITION DATE
700 000 200 000 100 000 35 000 1 035 000 107 857
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35 000 15 000
Dr Share capital (70% of 700 000)) 490 000 Dr Revaluation reserve (70% of 235 000) 164 500 Dr Retained earnings (70% of 100 000) 70 000 Dr Goodwill 75 500 Cr Investment in Subsidiary Ltd 800 000 (to recognise the goodwill acquired by Parent Entity and to eliminate the parents interest in preacquisition capital and reserves) Dr Share capital 210 000 Dr Revaluation surplus 70 500 Dr Retained earnings 30 000 Dr Goodwill 32 357 Cr Non-controlling interest 342 857 (to recognise the non-controlling interest in contributed equity and reserves at date of acquisition)
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Intragroup transactions that create gains or losses for the parent entity
In calculating non-controlling interests we do not need to adjust for gains or losses in the parent entitys accounts that are unrealised as non-controlling interests have an interest only in the subsidiarys profit contribution. It is only the unrealised intragroup profits or losses accruing to the subsidiary that need to be eliminated before we calculate non-controlling interests. Hence, if a subsidiary has acquired inventory from the parent entity no adjustment is required if the inventory is still on hand (and hence the profit is unrealised from the perspective of the economic entity) when calculating non-controlling interests as the purchase of inventory has no implications for the equity of the subsidiary as they are simply acquiring one asset in exchange for another (if paid for by cash), or acquiring one asset by incurring a liability (accounts payable).
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Summary of some general principles for calculating non-controlling interests in profits or losses
We only need to make adjustments to non-controlling interests share of profits where an intragroup transaction affects the subsidiarys profit or loss. We make adjustments for profits or losses made by the subsidiary to the extent they are unrealised from the economic entitys perspective, that is, the respective asset is still on hand at reporting date. For profits relating to transactions that do not involve the transfer of assets, such as those relating to interest, management fees and so forth, no adjustments are necessary. The related profits are deemed to be recognised at the point of the transaction. We do not need to make adjustments for unrealised gains or losses made by the parent entity when calculating the noncontrolling interest in profits.
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