Working principle of PCU

Grid Input Solar Panel

KM 2

MPPT Charger

Bi-directional Inverter

Isolation Transformer KM 1

Load

Battery

1. SOLAR PV charging batteries and feeding power to the load. In case of solar unavailability, load is fed by Battery. 2. If solar not available and battery goes low, inverter connects to the grid and charges the battery as well as feeds load. 3. If less load, battery fully charged and Solar power is available, excess power can be exported to grid. 1

Solar PCU: Salient Features

IGBT/MOSFET based Inverter with Instantaneous

Sine wave Control DIGITAL Control BI-DIRECTIONAL operation MPPT based Solar Charge Controller GRID INTERACTIVE High Conversion EFFICIENCY Sophisticated LCD Display- USER FRIENDLY Advanced COMMUNICATION Interface External Remote Provision Compliance to International Standards for Testing method : IEC 61683 ; IEC 60068

Single Line Diagram for PCU

Standard

PCU: System Overview

MAJOR COMPONENETS OF A HYBRID OFF GRID INVERTER SYSTEM

MPPT based CHARGER, supplies DC power for BATTERY charging as well as for the inverter DC link. BIDIRECTIONAL INVERTER operates in parallel with AC input source.

Block Diagram

Grid Input Solar Panel

KM 2

MPPT Charger

Bi-directional Inverter

Isolation Transformer KM 1

Load

Battery

MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking)

MPPT is algorithm that included in charge controllers used for extracting maximum available power from PV module under certain conditions. The voltage at which PV module can produce maximum power is called maximum power point (or peak power voltage). Maximum power varies with solar radiation, ambient temperature and solar cell temperature. Typical PV module produces power with maximum power voltage of around 17 V when measured at a cell temperature of 25C, it can drop to around 15 V on a very hot day and it can also rise to 18 V on a very cold day.

Contd
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SOLAR PANEL CHARECTERISTICS

IV characteristic of Solar Panel
1000 W/m2
700 W/m2 400 W/m2 200 W/m2 100 W/m2 8.2 A Max 5.8A Max 3.4 A Max 1.4 A Max

0.9A Max

SOLAR PANEL CHARECTERISTICS

IV characteristic of Solar Panel
- Continuous power not available throughout day/month /year - Constant Current / Voltage is not available

- Maximum Power point variation

- MPPT Maximum power point tracking

- MPPT will help to reduce the solar panel sizing compared to conventional. - MPPT Charge controller efficiency always >30% to 40% Vs Conventional charge controllers
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BI-DIRECTIONAL INVERTER
Can be used as both Inverter (during Solar Power available condition) & Converter (during grid power condition). Adding flexibility, at the same time reducing the component of error. RELIABLE AND COST EFFECTIVE SOLUTION.

Operational Modes of Liebert ESU

Stand alone mode

Grid Import mode

Grid Export mode

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Liebert ESU - Stand alone mode

- Inverter works on stand alone configuration. AC Grid shall act as bypass. Inverter will pick up when battery voltage @ 2.05V per cell.

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Liebert ESU - Grid Import mode

- AC CHARGING activates when battery voltage drop 1.9V/Cell

(SETTABLE), deactivates when battery voltage reaches 2.3V/Cell.

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Liebert ESU - Grid Export mode

- Battery voltage at 2.4V/Cell & AC input status is ok, Export to GRID starts.

STOPS when V goes below Battery float voltage level (2.2V/cell). The
reference rate value can be decided by Grid Export Step & Grid Export Time. 13

Operating Modes Contd..

Bi-Directional Mode
- Grid Charging as well as Grid export mode will be active. All
the variables such as Grid tracking step, Grid tracking integration time Battery grid charge start level & Battery Grid Charge Stop level are settable.

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SOLAR GRID CONNECT INVERTER OR ON GRID SYSTEM

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Block diagram of Liebert EEU upto 250KW

Combiner

Liebert EEU / Grid Connect Inverter

Inverter Isolation Transformer K2

Solar Panels

K1

To Grid

(optional)

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Grid Connect Inverter (GCI) Overview

This Grid Connect Inverter (GCI) works in shunt with the Grid.
It is easier to add it in the existing setup, even without taking load shutdown. Based on 32 bit DSP with full digital control. Making it more stable, easy upgradeable, more flexible and no variation or degradation of performance over a long period of operation.

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Single Line Diagram for GCI

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