Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
CDMA
Objectives
Introduce CDMA Networks
– What is CDMA?
– What are the benefits?
– What is CDMA2000?
– Future of CDMA
– How does a CDMA call work?
What is CDMA?
Code Division Multiple Access
– Unique identification of users through
digital codes
– Simultaneous use of radio spectrum by
multiple users
Digital Spread Spectrum Technology
Uses wideband radio channel
Built-in interference minimization
Spread Spectrum
Techniques
Use of wide band to transmit
relatively narrow band data
Types of spread spectrum
techniques:
– Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum
(FHSS)
– Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
(DSSS)
CDMA Concept
$%&@# CDMA can bring big This is John Doe
business
Cell A Cell B
Power Control
Increases battery life
Dynamic control of power transmitted to
and from mobile
Reduces interference to other users
Increases system capacity
CDMA2000
CDMA2000 Network
Architecture
CS-CN
HLR
MSC/VLR IS-41
AC
RAN PS-CN
AAA Server
BSC
IP Network HA
PDSN/ FA
MS
BTS Internet
cdma2000 (1x) Capabilities
Technology Data Rates Spectrum Services
Packet data
1X-EV-DO 2.45 Mbps 1.25 MHz
services
Voice, Circuit,
Packet and
1X-EV-DV 3.09 Mbps 1.25 MHz
multimedia
services
CDMA2000 Major Players
Equipmen Service
t Vendors Providers Handsets
Circuit
A-Interface PSTN
Switche
/ ISDN
d CN
BSC
Packet
Switche Internet
R-P Interface
d CN
1x
1.25 M
Hz Car
1.2288 rier (sa
Mcps s me as
preadin IS-95)
g rate
IS-95) (same
as
Authentication
BSC/ BTS
Radio Link Terrestrial Link
MSC
MS
Setup Setup
Service Connect
and
Synchronization
MSC
RAN Authentication
Radio Link
Setup R-P Session HLR/AC
Setup
BSC/ BTS
Service Connect
MS
and
Synchronization
PDSN
R-P Session
Radio Channel
Link
HA
Point-to-Point Connection Setup IP
Netwo
rk
Mobility related connection/setup (if required)
Summary
CDMA stands for Code Division Multiple Access
CDMA uses the same frequency in adjacent cells
User channels are differentiated using unique
digital codes (similar to different languages)
Soft handoff is making a new link before dropping
the old one
Soft handoff increases reliability of handovers
Major CDMA providers in India are Tata Tele,
Reliance, BSNL
2 evolution options for 1x CDMA: 1xEV-DO (Data
Only) and 1xEV-DV (Data and Voice)