CITY WATER SAVING, RECYCLING AND REIRCULATION

. . .
BY: Vinay Dwivedi

Introduction : Water is the most important commodity for life. Humans advancement in knowledge is becoming their own cause of end. Shimla experiences snowfall but still faces Water problems. Delhi Most developed city of India facing severe water crisis and other environmental issues. SUGGESTED SOLUTION : Basic aim is to save ,recycle and recirculation of the water with genuine eligibility for domestic use. Further high altitudes of places should be used for producing electricity.

THE CITY WATER ISSUE

Greywater and Blackwater . Sewage water also includes debris, garbage, and other contaminated particles. Industrial Wastes contributes to : Calcium, Magnesium, Bicarbonates and other toxic organic compounds.

URBAN AREAS

AFFECTED CROPS & VEGETATION Nuclear, Chemical Wastes RIVERS, PONDS & FIELDS

REDUCED FERTILITY OF SOIL

RECYCLING OF WATER
How it works ?
LARGE SOLIDS, RAGS,PLASTIC GRIT,STONE, SAND PRIMARY SLUDGE

SCREENING

GRIT REMOVAL

PRIMARY SEDIMENTATION

DISCHARGE TO RECEIVING

TERTIARY TREATMENT

BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

TERTIARY SLUDGE

SECONDARY SLUDGE

PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY
purified water is now used for generating the electricity. For producing the electricity we used LOW HEAD,LOW FLOW AXIAL OR RADIAL TURBINE SPECIFICATION

heads approx. 2 to 35 m. flows approx. 3 to 100 m3/s. turbine speed varies approx. 100 500 rpm (low speed). double or single-regulated. Fish friendly turbine concepts, increases the biodiversity
ASPECTS OF LOW HEAD TURBINET Flat landscapes, often running river plant very often a dam / weir needed polluted water (e.g. grass, algea, garbage )

Let us take an example of Indias capital Delhi, Per day consumption of water is 3,250 MLD(Million Liter per Day) if suppose 50% of the total consumption is drained to the sewage then according to calculations we get that; approximately, 1.5 million cubic meter of water is polluting the regions connected to the city and polluting the Yamuna . After purifying water we store it in small dams , here some calculation for turbine :1) Total available water = (3,250 * 1000000)/2000 = 16,25,000 cubic meter/day

COST CALCULATION AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION

In sewage energy mainly consumes to flow the sewage water by pump.
The energy consumes by one pump for 746KW of power. Output energy which we produce for above example is approximately 12MW. By this we get the profit of approximately 6-10MW.

CONCLUSION
The concept of CWSRRS concern basically with the removal of the impurities and decreasing the toxicity of the impure water coming from the urban areas thus helping the nature to replenish itself. Purification can be done according to the requirements of use. Even if the purification standards does not achieves the required level event then the semi purified water proofs out to be a much better option for cultivation of crops and vegetation with reduce amount of toxicity.

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