Presented by Aathirai. K II yr post graduate GUIDED BY Dr. B.

Muthukumar HOD & professor

Abstract
The opening and closing mandibular axis is not a

purely theoretical postulation but demonstrable biomechanical entity of TMJ complex Facebow record and then the transfer of the maxillary casts to an anatomic articulator aids in the maxillofacial rehabilitation as related to the patients jaws For this reason , 1 of the fixed factors presented by the patient when taken into consideration is of inestimable value in all phases of further dental treatment procedures

Introduction
Geometric principles states that 3 separate pts or 2

hinge axis & an anterior pt are required to orient any solid object in space

Mccracken defined this anterior or 3rd point of

reference as a skeletal landmark that establishes the elevation of the facebow in reln to the axis-orbitale plane

 Orientation of maxillary cast

occlusion form and position of the teeth

Maxillary cast in the articulator is the baseline from

which all occlusal relationships begin and hence should be positioned in space by identifying 3 points of different orientation that cannot be on the same line

In articulator
2 pts in posterior & 1 in anterior

In individuals

Clinical significance of facebow record transfer

If maxillary cast is positioned without the correct maxillae- hinge axis relationship, Arcs of movement in the articulator can differ from that of the patient

 Also, the spatial position of mandibular cast by using

inter occlusal records as the subsequent records may not be of the same thickness

Prognostic role of anterior reference points

Determines the horizantal plane of reference

Frankfort horizantal plane Campers line Patients horizantal plane

ORBITALE
Lowest pt on the rim

Orbitale minus 7mm

Orbitale minus 7 mm

Nasion minus 23mm

Ala of the nose

43mm superior from lower border of upper lip/lateral incisor

i

Incisal edge plus articulator midpoint to articulator axis-horizantal plane

Leveller as anterior reference pt

Fixed & customised nasion relator

Discussion
Selection of right anterior pt of reference - Subjective

conclusion
Utilization of 3rd pt of reference Provides 3rd pt in space for future articulations in the exact position as before in the articulators Supports for the posterior part of bow in some articulators which simplifies the transfer procedure Offers a pivot point for determining the superior inferior position of Facebow