NFC (Near Field Communications)

Overview

Agenda list
What is it? Some Comparisons with Bluetooth Usage Scenarios (TRANSACTION, SHARING, PAIRING) Security (& Secure Elements) Mobile NFC (Payment Actors) Mobile NFC Architecture (Ecosystem)

What is it?
Is a standards based, short range wireless connectivity technology for electronic devices.
Range is typically up to 10 centimetre. Frequency is 13.56 mhz. Data rate ranges from 106 to 846 kbit/s.

NFC communication always involve an initiator and a target. The initiator actively generates an RF energy field that can power a passive target (RFID inlay). (Specifically, initiator uses magnetic induction (loop
antennas) to create a radio-wave field that the target can detect and access, allowing small amounts of data to be transferred wirelessly over a relatively short distance ).

Typical NFC target form factor are tags, stickers, key fobs and smart cards (including credit and debit cards). www.nfc-forum.org is official NFC centralized site.

What is it?
Real world applications of NFC technology include contactless transactions such as:
Payment (credit card / debit card) Ticketing (transit) Electronic data transfer (loyalty cards and business cards, smart posters)

A wide range of devices and machines are likely to become NFC enabled.
Mobile phones Turnstiles Vending machines Parking meters Check-out cash registers or "point-of-sale" equipment Cash machines (ATM) Office, house and garage doors Smart Posters, street signs, bus stops, local points of interest (using NFC-readable tags) Product packaging

What is it?

Use Cases

Some Comparisons with Bluetooth

NFC
(network std. ISO 13157)

Bluetooth
(network std. IEEE 802.15.1)

Standardization body Set-up time Network Type Range Frequency Bit rate

ISO/IEC < 0.1 sec Point-to-point < 0.2 m 13.56 MHz 424 kbit/s

Bluetooth SIG < 6 sec WPAN ~10 m to ~100 m 2.42.5 GHz 2.1 Mbit/s

Also, NFC power consumption is very small (15mA) as compared to Bluetooth, whose power consumption varies by class.
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Usage Scenarios - TRANSACTION

Transaction - is the most directly business-related aspect of NFC. Smartphone w/ NFC chip could easily be configured to work as a credit or debit card. Can tap phone against an NFC-enabled payment terminal and money transaction can be made. NFC could work well for public transit passes, library cards, hotel room keycards, and office building pass cards. Also, governmentissued IDs like driver's licenses and passports can be replaced or augmented with NFC. But security concerns could push such applications further into the future.

Usage Scenarios - SHARING

Sharing - An active NFC-enabled device like a smartphone can interact either with another active NFC device or with a passive tag. That tag is basically a little chip that's embedded with some kind of data to transfer (example: printed ad, and provides a URL for more information). Passive tags don't require power. Instead relying on the RF field created by your phone, so you can just tap your phone to the tag and have a little bit of data (like a URL) beamed to your phone. LG MIRACLE (WP7) support Contact, URL, and so on.

Usage Scenarios - PAIRING

Pairing - Can tap your phone to another phone to instantly configure a Bluetooth or Wi-Fi connection, without the need for passwords. Or can tap your phone against your new router, for Wi-Fi password. Or tap one phone to another to instantly exchange contact information, even when there's no available 3G connection.

Security (& Secure Elements)

Why should secure element be in SIM?

UICC is tamper resistant secure element that conforms to industry security standards. Universally available in subscribers mobile phones. Portability; transfer between mobile phone. Remote management; data on the UICC can be modified over-the-air (OTA). Long operational lifecycle; UICC designs change slowly, on a much longer timescale than mobile phones.
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Mobile NFC (Payment Actors)

Trusted Service Manager (TSM) is an infrastructure used by service providers to securely distribute and manage contactless services (i.e. applications and credentials) to their customers using the network of mobile operators. Mobile Network Operator (MNO) is the link that binds the TSM, service provider, SIM and mobile phone. Provides to users and service providers a trusted end-to-end system for application and data. Without the MNO, multi-application and credential lifecycle in real-time would not be possible.

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Mobile NFC (Payment Actors)

Banks provide service to consumers and need to have their application implemented on a UICC card. MNO is the owners of the UICC card and also own (in most of the cases) the OTA platform. TSM establish the link between banks and MNO from a technical perspective and also ensure a level of trust and confidentiality between the actors. User use NFC enabled mobile phone for payment, transport ticketing, loyalty, access and many other contactless services. (More on NEXT SLIDE).

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NFC Payment Architecture (Ecosystem)

Baseband Processor - chip that manages all radio functions MMI Multi Media Interface
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THE END

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