Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
INVESTIGATION OF EPIDEMIC
Dr Sara T
EPIDEMIC
The unusual occurrence in a community or region of disease , specific health related behaviour or other health related events clearly in excess of expected occurrence.
SIMPLE OUTLINE
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Verification of epidemic Confirmation of existance of epidemic Defining the population at risk Rapid search for all cases and their characteristics Data Analysis Formulation of Hypothesis Testing of Hypothesis Evaluation of ecological factors Further investigation of population at risk Writing the report
TEAM Epidemiologist Clinician Pathologist Entomologist Environmental Specialist Local authorities , people for digging etc.
EQUIPMENT Sample collection bottles/camera Personal protective measures LIASON WITH LOCAL AUTHORITIES
VERIFICATION OF DIAGNOSIS
Clinical examination of cases Laboratory Investigation
Comparing the disease frequencies during the same period of previous years.
DATA ANALYSIS
FORMULATION OF HYPOTHESIS
Formulate hypothesis to explain epidemic in terms of Possible source Causative agent Modes of spread Environmental factors
TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS
Ecological factors which have made the epidemic possible should be investigated Water and milk supply Breakdown in water supply system Atmospheric changes
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Contents of report Background Historical Data Methodology of Investigation Analysis of Data Control of measures
At commencement of epidemic , on basis of known facts of disease temporary control measures should be implemented which may be modified or replaced in light of new knowledge acquired by epidemic investigation.
2. DETECTION - By surveillance system 3. RESPONSE -Confirmation ,Investigation , Control 4. EVALUATION- effectiveness of containment measures , timeliness of outbreak detection and response, change public health policy if indicated (e.g. preparedness) , write and disseminate outbreak report.
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