AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION

Presented By, Muhammed Riyas S7MB NO:103 Guided By, Gopinathan.V Asst:Prof Dept of Mechanical Engg

Introduction

Device which changes gear ratios automatically Deliver maximum efficiency Difference between automatic and manual transmission Easier to drive because they do not have a clutch pedal or gearshift lever There are two type of automatic transmissions

CLASSIFICATION
AUTOMATIC

TRANSMISSIONS USING PLANETARY GEARS

CONTINUOUSLY

VARIABLE TRANSMISSION(CVT)

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONS USING PLANETARY GEARS

Components

PLANETARY GEAR

SYSTEM TORQUE CONVERTER HYDRAULIC SYSTEM GOVERNOR COMPUTER CONTROLS

1. Sun gear 2. Planet gear 3. Ring gear 4. Planetary carrier

PLANETARY GEAR SYSTEM

PLANETARY GEAR SYSTEM (SIDE VIEW)

HOW PLANETARY GEARS WORK

Power transfer can only take place when one of the members is held at rest or if two of the members are locked.
Input A B C Sun (S) Planet Carrier (C) Sun (S) Output Planet Carrier (C) Ring (R) Ring (R) Stationary Ring (R) Sun (S) Planet Carrier (C) Calculation 1 + R/S 1 / (1 + S/R) -R/S Gear Ratio 3.4:1 0.71:1 -2.4:1

Gear

Input

Output

Fixed

Gear Ratio

1st

30-tooth sun
30-tooth sun Planet carrier

72-tooth ring
Planet carrier 72-tooth ring

Planet carrier
36-tooth sun 36-tooth sun

2.4:1
2.2:1 0.67:1

2nd

Total 2nd

1.47:1

3rd OD Reverse

30- and 36-tooth suns Planet carrier 36-tooth sun

72-tooth ring 72-tooth ring 72-tooth ring 36-tooth sun Planet carrier

1.0:1 0.67:1 -2.0:1

TORQUE CONVERTOR
takes the place of the clutch found on standard shift vehicles large doughnut shaped device that is mounted between the engine and the transmission it uses oil or transmission fluid to transmit power three internal elements that work together to transmit power to the transmission.

TORQUE CONVERTOR

THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

complex maze of passages and tubes that sends transmission fluid under under pressure to all parts of the transmission and torque converter. Transmission fluid serves in shift control, general lubrication and transmission cooling. Keeps the transmission at normal operating temperature OIL PUMP VALVE BODY SHIFT VALVES BANDS

Oil Pump
Produce all the oil pressure that is required in the transmission The oil is then sent, under pressure to the pressure regulator, the valve body and the rest of the components, as required.

Gear pump

Valve Body
The brain of the automatic transmission

Contains a maze of channels and passages that direct hydraulic fluid to the numerous valves
These valves activate the appropriate clutch pack or band servo to smoothly shift to the appropriate gear for each driving situation.

Shift Valves
Supply hydraulic pressure to the clutches and bands to engage each gear Determines when to shift from one gear to the next The 1 to 2 shift valves determines when to shift from first to second gear.

Band
A band is a steel strap with friction material bonded to the inside surface.

GOVERNER
provides the inputs that tell the

transmission when to shift connected to the output shaft and regulates hydraulic pressure based on vehicle speed

COMPUTER CONTROLLS

Detect such things as throttle position, vehicle speed, engine speed, engine load,etc. to control exact shift points Downshift automatically when going downhill, to control speed and reduce wear on the brakes. Up shift when braking on a slippery surface to reduce the braking torque applied by the engine. Inhibit the Up shift when going into a turn on a winding road.

CONCLUSION
Automatic transmissions contain mechanical systems, hydraulic systems, electrical systems and computer controls, all working together in perfect harmony

THANK YOU