Qbasic

Constructing Qbasic Programs

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Program Development
Problem definition statement
Who The person, group, organization What The record, file, system, data

When The timeframe

Where The location

Why The business reason

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

1. Clearly State the Problem
Data
Input what are the data sources.

Output what are the data sinks.

Process (algorithm)
Detailed description of how the Input is manipulated into Output.

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

Data decomposition the process of: Identifying the required output.
Reports Files

Identifying the raw input data needed to find a solution.

Can be an elementary data element
Can be a grouped data element
2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

The Algorithm is the process
Sequence linear execution of instructions
Selection Identify a processing path
Binary Case

Iteration repetitive execution of instructions

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

2. Plan the Logic of the program
Use one or more of these to graphically represent the algorithm.
Flowchart
Pseudocode Hierarchy chart

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

Flowcharts
A graphical representation of the problem definition
Manual Decision Termination

Process

Screen

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

Hierarchy charts (Visual TOC)
A graphical representation of the functional decomposition
Room Area Program

Room Area Program

Room Area Program

Room Area Program

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

Pseudocode
An English-like representation of the problem definition
IF the meat is green THEN
move it to the waste bucket ELSE move it to the good bucket.

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

3. Code the program The syntactical exercise of converting the program design into a specific programming language. This should be done first on paper.

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Steps in Program Development

4. Key the program. Transfer the coded program into the QBASIC environment and save it as a QBASIC file.
MyProg.bas

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Steps in Program Development

5. Test and Debug the program.
V&V Verification & Validation
Verification Are we doing the right job? Validation Are we doing the job right?

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Steps in Program Development

Specification errors
Problem definition omissions, inaccuracies, lack of clarity

Syntax errors
Coding or Keying

Logic errors
Do what I think not what I say
2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Steps in Program Development

6. Complete the Documentation
Develop a program package containing:
Program specification, hierarchy chart, flowchart, and pseudocode.

Test plan and results Final version of tested program

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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B. A. S. I. C.
Beginners

All-purpose
Symbolic

Instruction
Code

QBasic QuickBASIC
Developed at Dartmouth in 1960s
2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Qbasic Character Set

Letters: a-z and A-Z Digits: 0-9 Blank:
the space character ( )

Special characters: +-*/\=<>.,():;^_$#?!%&

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Qbasic Keywords
A keyword has a predefined meaning within Qbasic.
Examples: LET END REM PRINT

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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The QBASIC Environment

QBASIC is an interpreter
Each line of code is translated into machine language just prior to its execution every time. Creates an interactive environment thats easy to work with.

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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QBASIC

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Demonstration

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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The CLS statement

CLear Screen
Erases all characters from the terminal Places cursor at position 1,1 (top left corner)

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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The PRINT statement

Writes information to the terminal.

PRINT output-list
PRINT X$

PRINT 5 + 7
PRINT Hello World

PRINT (prints a blank line)

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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The PRINT statement

Horizontal spacing
Each PRINT statement will occupy one line on the users screen

Vertical spacing
; places data adjacent to each other

, places data at multiples of 14 columns on the line

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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