SENSING-THROUGHPUT TRADEOFF FOR COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS

GROUP MEMBERS
M. Sarmad Hafeez
Jawad Ahmed

Ahmed Shafqat
M. Ihsan Ul Haq

ABSTRACT
Probability of detection and probability of false alarm. The higher the probability of detection, the better the primary users are protected. However, from the secondary users perspective, the lower the probability of false alarm, the more chances the channel can be reused when it is available, thus the higher the achievable throughput for the secondary network.

Work division
Section II presents the general model for spectrum sensing and reviews the energy detection scheme. The relation between probability of detection and probability of false alarm is also established in this section. In Section III, we study the sensing-throughput tradeoff problem, and prove the existence of optimal sensing time based on energy detection scheme. Section IV studies the sensing scheme based on multiple mini-slots which achieves time diversity. Distributed spectrum sensing using multiple secondary users is studied in Section V. Performance evaluation and comparisons are given in Section VI, and finally, conclusions are drawn in Section VII.

I. INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION
Cognitive radio network that employs opportunistic spectrum access. In order to efficiently exploit the unused spectrum and effectively protect

the quality of service of licensed networks. For this reason, a time slot has been allocated for spectrum sensing at the beginning of each frame in the systems proposed so far. During this slot, data transmission is prohibited, which results in the sensing throughput tradeoff problem. Thus there could exist a fundamental tradeoff between sensing capability and achievable throughput for the secondary network.

Cognitive Radio (CR) Concept

Initially proposed by Mitola [2] Next step evolution of Software Defined Radio (SDR) Cognitive Radio (CR): Intelligent devices that can [2]:

Sense and autonomously reason about their environment

Adapt their communication parameters accordingly Realize DSA concept

Cont
In cognitive radio networks, the criterion considered so far is in terms of protecting the primary user, i.e., maximizing the probability of detection under the constraint of probability of false alarm. In this paper, in order to formulate the sensing-throughput tradeoff problem, the objective turns out to be minimizing the probability of false alarm, under the constraint of probability of detection. We thus formulate the sensing-throughput tradeoff problem from this perspective.

IEEE 802.22 Network Architecture

IEEE 802.22 WRAN

OUTLOOK
SYSTEM MODEL (JAWAD) SENSING-THROUGHPUT TRADEOFF (SARMAD) MULTI-SLOT SPECTRUM SENSING (IHSAN) DISTRIBUTED SPECTRUM SENSING (AHMED) COMPUTER SIMULATIONS CONCLUSION

II. SPECTRUM SENSING PRELIMINARIES

Energy Detection

Proposition 1:For a large N, the PDF of T(y) under

hypothesisH0can be approximated by a Gaussian distribution Proposition 2:For a large N, the PDF of T(y) under hypothesis H1 can be approximated by a Gaussian distribution with mean1=(+1)2u and variance

Chi- square distribution with 2 degree of freedom

III. SENSING THROUGHPUT TRADEOFF

Sensing Throughput Tradeoff

The fundamental parameter between sensing capability and achievable throughput of the secondary networks is (TAU)

Sensing Throughput Tradeoff

SNR of primary user

= SNR of secondary user =

Throughputs

Sensing Throughput Tradeoff

Prob. when active =

Prob. when inactive =

Sensing Throughput Tradeoff

Sensing Throughput Tradeoff

IV. MULTI-SLOT SPECTRUM SENSING

Multi Slot Spectrum Sensing

Assumptions taken (unit mean, complex gaussian )

Data Fusion

Multi Slot Spectrum Sensing

V. DISTRIBUTED SPECTRUM SENSING

Distributed Spectrum Sensing

VI. COMPUTER SIMULATIONS

One Secondary user for spectrum Sensing

Multi-slot Spectrum Sensing

Distributed Spectrum Sensing

VII. CONCLUSION

 Simulations shown that for a 6MHz channel, having frame

duration is100ms, and the SNR ratio of primary user at the secondary receiver is20dB,the optimal sensing time achieving the highest throughput while maintaining 90% detection probability is 14.2ms. This optimal sensing time decreases when distributed spectrum sensing is applied

REFRENCES
Sensing-Throughput Tradeoff for Cognitive Radio Networks Ying-Chang Liang, Senior Member, IEEE, Yonghong Zeng, Senior Member, IEEE, Edward C.Y. Peh, and Anh Tuan Hoang, Member, IEEE