Exploring and exploiting stories in ESL classroom.

Nur Safawanie Rosman

1. Explain the teaching strategies that can be used to teach literature in ESL classroom? 2. What are the criteria of the traditional literature? 3. Give any two example of fantasy book for children. 4. Explain briefly the fantasy literature. 5. What are the types of traditional literature?

Answer 1:
1. Read Aloud/Think Aloud: Make Your Thinking Visible When you read aloud, stop to model comprehension strategies for your pupils. Let them see what effective readers do inside their heads. E.g. when the tiger says, Look at that beautiful deer! you may be thinking, Who is the tiger talking to? Is the deer beautiful? Why would the tiger say that? These questions show the pupils how you reflect on the story, words, pictures or language. Choose a different section to open up for discussion It is best to think aloud during reading at the actual point in the story that raises questions in your head.

2. Comprehension Questions Implicit in the think-aloud process is the use of questions. Ask open-ended questions that start with Why, How, Who, What and Where Expose pupils to 3 broad types of questions: The answer is in the text The answer is implicit in the text and requires critical thinking The answer is not in the text but is in our experience

3. Shared reading and Guided reading Stop at particular points in the text and ask someone to help you read. Emphasis is on the print so point to what you are reading. Stop reading and encourage children to read independently where you know they can read. Also encourage children to volunteer to read. When pupils come to a word they know, they can say it aloud. Then pick up on the reading aloud till you come to a section where they can read independently. Guided reading pupils take the lead reading as best he can till he comes to an unknown word. Teacher encourages pupils to decode the word, looking at spelling patterns, using structural analysis.
4. Story Grammar Teachers and pupils study one aspect of story grammar in depth each day e.g. characters, setting, problem, solution, outcome/moral. Knowing the common structure that most stories follow can help pupils remember the details of a story.

Answer 2: Appropriate to developmental age Integrity of the original culture should retain Illustration which can assist students in interpreting the story

Answer 3: (Any two) Peter Pan The Wonderful Wizard of Oz Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Snow White Beauty and The Beast Pinocchio Razpunzel

Answer 4:
Cannot happen in reality Animals talk Written by known authors hence different from traditional literature Imaginary worlds are inhabited and future worlds are explored Plot, characters and setting must be well developed so that the children will be able to suspend disbelief and to accept the impossible as real.

Answer 5:
Myths- stories of gods and heroes of a given culture (Puteri gunung ledang) Epics- long stories of human adventure and heroism recounted in many episodes (Ulysses in the Odyssey) Legends- stories based on either real or supposedly real individuals and their marvelous deeds (Robin Hood) Folktales- Humorous (Pak Pandir) Fairy tales- contains element of magic Pourquoi tales- setting is earthly (similar to myths) Fables- simple story that incorporate characters especially animals (Sang kancil dan buaya) Religious stories

CONGRATULATION!!! Good luck for EXAM