NEW STF6 2 Virtualization June07

Virtualization Technologies
Module 6.2
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.

Virtualization Technologies
Upon completion of this module, you will be able to:
 Identify different virtualization technologies
 Describe block-level virtualization technologies and
processes
 Describe file-level virtualization technologies and
processes
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 2

Lesson 1 – Virtualization – An Overview
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
 Identify and discuss the various options for virtualization
technologies

Defining Virtualization
Virtualization provides logical views of

physical resources while preserving the
usage interfaces for those resources
Virtualization removes physical resource

limits and improves resource utilization

What Makes Virtualization Interesting
Potential Benefits:
 Higher rates of usage
 Simplified management Server
 Platform independence
Storage
 More flexibility network
 Lower total cost of ownership

 Better availability Storage

Virtualization Comes in Many Forms
Virtual Each application sees its own logical

Memory memory, independent of physical memory

Networks network, independent of physical network

Servers server, independent of physical servers

Storage storage, independent of physical storage
© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 6 6


Memory memory, independent of physical memory
Physical memory
App
App
App
Swap space
Benefits of Virtual Memory
• Remove physical-memory limits
• Run multiple applications at once

Networks network, independent of physical network
VLAN A VLAN B VLAN C
Benefits of Virtual Networks

• Common network links with access-
control properties of separate links
• Manage logical networks instead of
VLAN trunk physical networks
Switch Switch • Virtual SANs provide similar benefits
for storage-area networks
Server-Virtualization Basics
Before Server Virtualization: After Server Virtualization:
App App App App App App

Application
Operating system Operating system
Operating system Virtualization layer
 Single operating system image per  Virtual Machines (VMs) break

machine dependencies between operating
system and hardware
 Software and hardware tightly coupled
 Manage operating system and
 Running multiple applications on same application as single unit by
machine often creates conflict encapsulating them into VMs
 Underutilized resources  Strong fault and security isolation
 Hardware-independent: They can be
provisioned anywhere

 Check Your Knowledge
 Define Virtualization
 What type of virtualization has existed for many years at
the storage layer?
 What is a VSAN?
 Explain the concept of a swap file
 Explain the concept of server virtualization

Lesson 2 – Storage Virtualization
 Identify and discuss the various options for virtualization
technologies

Storage Functionality Today
Intelligence Lives Primarily on Servers and Storage Arrays
 Path management
Server  Volume management
 Replication
Storage  Connectivity
network
 Volume management
– LUNs
 Access control
Storage  Replication
 RAID
 Cache protection

Storage Virtualization Requires a Multi-Level
Approach
Intelligence Should Be Placed Closest to What it Controls
Application
Server functions
Storage Data-access
network functions
Data-preservation
Storage functions
Distributed intelligence / centralized management

SNIA Storage Virtualization Taxonomy
Storage
Virtualization
What is created
Tape, Tape Drive, File System,

Other Device
Block Virtualization Disk Virtualization Tape Library File/record
Virtualization
Virtualization Virtualization
Where it is done:
Host based server Storage Device Storage

Network based Virtualization
Based Virtualization subsystem Virtualization
How it is implemented
In-band Virtualization Out-of-band Virtualization

Current Storage Virtualization Examples
Storage-Virtualization Examples
Problem:
I/O path performance Consolidated
and availability file-based storage
LAN
File
NAS Heads
Mgmt Station
Block Storage
network
Solution: MultiPathing Software NAS Gateway

Virtual Storage
Storage Virtualization:
Block and File Level
Storage IP
network network
Benefits of Virtual
Storage
• Nondisruptive data
migrations
Virtual Each application sees its own logical • Access files while
Storage storage, independent of physical storage migrating
• Increase storage
utilization
Comparison of Virtualization Architectures
Out-of-Band In-Band
 No state / no  State / cache
cache
 I/O latency
 I/O at wire
speed  Limited fabric
ports
 Full-fabric
bandwidth  More suited for
static
 High availability environments
or
 High scalability environments
 Value-add with less
functionality growth
 Value-replace
functionality

Four Challenges of Storage Virtualization
 Scale:
Virtualization technology aggregates multiple devices—
must scale in performance to support the combined environment
 Functionality:
Virtualization technology masks existing storage functionality—
must provide required functions, or enable existing functions
 Management:
Virtualization technology introduces a new layer of management
—must be integrated with existing storage-management tools
 Support:
Virtualization technology adds new complexity into the storage
network—requires vendors to perform additional interoperability tests
 The Scaling Challenge
Standard environment Before:

 Performance
requirements are
distributed across multiple
storage arrays
– Application performance
– Replication performance
20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000
Each array delivers units of performance

(e.g., IOPS, SPEC-SFS, MB/s)

 The Scaling Challenge
Before:
Virtualized environment  Performance requirements
are distributed across
multiple storage arrays
– Application performance
100,000
+ – Replication performance
After:
20,000 + 20,000 + 20,000 + 20,000 + 20,000
 Storage network
capabilities must support
the aggregated
environment
Aggregated performance – Aggregate application
(e.g., IOPS, SPEC-SFS, MB/s) performance
– Aggregate replication
performance
Virtualization Technologies - 20
 The Functionality Challenge

 Applications have access
to rich array functionality
– Advanced local replication
– Advanced remote replication
– Array-level optimization
Advanced array
functionality:
• Mirrors, clones, and
snapshots
• Protected and
instant restores
• Synchronous and
asynchronous
replication
• Consistency Groups

 The Functionality Challenge
Before:
Virtualized environment  Applications have access
to rich array functionality
– Advanced local replication
– Advanced remote replication
Network functionality – Array-level optimization
(depending on
implementation)
Advanced array
After:
functionality:
• Mirrors, clones, and  Virtualization device must
?
snapshots
• Protected and
provide either required
instant restores functionality
• Synchronous and
asynchronous
replication or
• Consistency Groups
 Specialized access to
array functionality
 The Management Challenge

 Management tools provide
integrated view of
application to physical-
storage mapping
– Monitoring and reporting
End-to-end – Planning and provisioning
management

 The Management Challenge
Before:
Virtualized environment  Management tools provide
integrated view of
application to physical-
Server to storage mapping
virtualization device – Monitoring and reporting
Virtualization
device – Planning and provisioning
Virtualization device
to physical storage
After:
 Storage network requires
modification of management
tools to support a virtualized
environment
– Servers
– Networks
– Storage Virtualization Technologies - 24
 The Support Challenge

 Storage vendor must support
complexity of multi-vendor
Interoperability: network environments
server types
– Servers and software
OS versions
network elements – Networks and software
storage-software – Arrays and software
products

 The Support Challenge
Before:
Virtualized environment  Storage vendor must support
complexity of multi-vendor
network environments
– Servers and software
Considerations: – Networks and software
• New hardware-
qualification – Arrays and software
requirements
• Service and support
ownership After:
• Problem escalation
and resolution  Storage-virtualization vendor
must provide additional
support to address increased
More complexity requires additional complexity
interoperability investments – New platforms
– New intelligence
– Interaction with existing
infrastructure
 What are the four challenges of storage virtualization?
 At which level(s) is storage virtualization implemented?
 Control data in the data path is a feature of what type of
virtualization architecture?

Lesson 3 – Block-Level Virtualization
 Describe Block-Level Virtualization technologies and
functionality

Block-Level Storage Virtualization Basics
 Ties together multiple
independent storage arrays
– Presented to host as a single storage
device
– Mapping used to redirect I/O on this
device to underlying physical arrays
 Deployed in a SAN environment

Storage-area network (SAN)
 Nondisruptive data mobility and
data migration
Multi-vendor storage arrays

Usage Scenarios for Block-level Storage
Virtualization
Next-Generation Data Center Operations

Extending
Heterogeneous Storage
Consolidation Volumes
Storage Utilization Online
Application Business Nondisruptive

Growth Continuity Data Mobility Scalability
©©2007
Copyright 2006 EMC Corporation.
EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 30 30
Block-Level Storage Virtualization – Data mobility
Optimizes Resources and Improves Flexibility
Before After
SAN SAN Virtualization
Multi-vendor storage arrays Multi-vendor storage arrays
All applications have direct Simplify volume access

knowledge of storage location Nondisruptive mobility
Optimize resources
Data Mobility
 How much data can you migrate on the
weekend?
– Average migration rate using server-based copies
is 4 GB per hour and with downtime
– At 48 hours of time per weekend, you can migrate
192 GB of data a week
 With network-based virtualization, data can

be migrated at any time at much faster rates
Data mobility becomes a routine

operation, making it a daily part
of infrastructure optimization
Block-Level Virtualization Example: EMC Invista
Inside the Intelligent Switch

Host Mapped I/O Storage
streams
Input I/O Mapping

stream operation
Intelligent switch becomes storage target
Intelligent Switches:
 Fibre Channel switches with custom hardware for enhanced processing
 Capable of performing operations on data streams at line speed
 Controlled by instructions from external management software (via APIs)


streams
Input I/O Mapping

stream operation
Intelligent switch—data path

Control Path Cluster—control path Control processing
Invista Control Path Cluster
 The CPC gets involved to make (CPC)
changes
(e.g., allocate more storage), handle
uncommon cases (e.g., SCSI inquires,
SCSI reservations), perform control
operations (e.g., cloning), etc.

streams
Input I/O Mapping

stream Mapping
Operation
operation
Requests received and dispatched Control processing

to assigned storage location Invista Control Path Cluster
(CPC)
 A new device is placed within the data center,
and the CPC discovers the new device
 The CPC creates the map and shows the host
where the virtual volume exists; I/O begins
 Contents of an existing volume are moved
online, and the volume is freed
 Consider that you have a leased storage array that is
being replaced by a newer model. Place the relevant
steps below in the correct order for data migration (hint:
not all steps apply)
– Reconfigure LUN definitions on hosts
– Implement new array into existing environment
– Decommission legacy array
– Obtain new array
– Take host volumes offline for migration
– Migrate existing data from legacy array to new array
– Present storage on new array to virtualization engine

Lesson 4 – File Level Virtualization
 Describe File Level Virtualization technologies and
functionality

File-Level Virtualization Basics
Before File-level Virtualization: After File-level Server Virtualization:

IP IP
network network
NAS devices/platforms NAS devices/platforms
 Every NAS device is an independent  Break dependencies between end-user

entity, physically and logically access and data location
 Underutilized storage resources  Storage utilization is optimized
 Downtime caused by data migrations  Nondisruptive migrations

File-Level Storage Virtualization
File Abstraction that Optimizes Resources and Improves Flexibility
Before After
File
IP Virtualization
File systems
Multi-vendor NAS systems

Multi-vendor NAS systems
All users have direct knowledge Move data while writing and
of file locations accessing existing data
Update Global Namespace
Moving Files Online: A File Virtualization Example
DFS
File
Global AD
Virtualization File-data
Namespace
Appliance migration
Manager
Automount
NIS LDAP
Event Log
 File Virtualization inserted NFS4
NFS4 Root
root
into I/O
 Client redirection Admin NIS LDAP
Global Namespace updated

Moving Files Online: A File Virtualization Example
(continued)
DFS
File
Global AD
Virtualization File-data
Namespace
Appliance migration
Manager
Automount
NIS LDAP
Event Log
 File virtualization inserted NFS4 Root
into I/O
 Client redirection Admin NIS LDAP
Global Namespace updated
 Migration complete without
downtime

Usage Scenarios for File-Level Storage
Virtualization
Capacity Performance
Consolidation Management Management
Global
Business Tiered Storage
Namespace Continuity Management
Management
©©2007
Accelerated Consolidation
Move Files Nondisruptively—with Continuous Access to Data

Before:
 Too many file servers
– Buying more file
servers for additional
storage
File
 Complex migrations IP network
Virtualization
After:
Increased
 Eliminate servers via utilization
migration to Average
underutilized servers utilization Eliminate
file
 Maintain full read/write servers
access during migration
 Transparent to clients Server 1 Server 2 Server 3 Server 4
and applications
Usage Scenarios for File-Level Storage
Virtualization
Capacity Performance
Consolidation Management Management
Global
Business Tiered Storage
Namespace Continuity Management
Management
©©2007
Global Namespace Management
Situation
 Billions of files with thousands to hundreds of thousands of clients
 Update namespace and retain access to files while migrating
Scenario
 Update 1,000 client namespaces over the weekend
 95% successful—50 typos or glitches
 50 calls with 50 very angry employees
 There goes Monday...and Tuesday
 Wednesday: Start planning next set of changes
Zero mistypes, 100% access
during migration
Simplified Namespace Management
Access to Files and Folders
Before:
 Complex file-server environments
 Namespace changes are time-
consuming
 Multiple shares or mounts per client
SHARE1 SHARE2 SHARE3 SHARE4
After: Windows
T:\svr1\
NetApp
S:\svr2\
Celerra
H:\svr3\
UNIX
G:\svr4\
 Multiple file systems appear as a single

virtual file system via standard
namespace
 Simplify management and ensure
continuous access to files and folders
 Updates standard-namespace entries Server 1 Server 2 Server 3 Server 4
(UNIX, Linux, Windows)

EMC Example - The Rainfinity File Management Appliance
Rainfinity File Rainfinity Global File
Management Appliance Virtualization
File Management File Management
Capacity Management
Performance Management
Application Migration and Consolidation
Modules
Tiered Storage Management
Global Namespace Management
Synchronous Replication
 Rainfinity File Management Appliance provides policy-based file
management that enables automated file movement and retrieval
across storage tiers
 Scalable architecture and built-in high availability
 Support for multiple sources and destinations, and integration with
NetApp, EMC Celerra, and EMC Centera APIs
 Seamlessly upgrade to Rainfinity Global File Virtualization
 Name two benefits of file-level virtualization
 What is a Global Namespace?

Module Summary
Key points covered in this module:
 Virtualization technologies
 Block-level virtualization technologies and processes
 File-level virtualization technologies and processes

Course Summary
Key points covered in this course:
 Challenges found in today’s complex information management environment
 Storage technology solutions
– DAS
– NAS
– SAN
 Key business drivers for storage - Information Availability and Business Continuity
 Business continuity, managing and monitoring the data center, storage security, and
virtualization
 Common storage management roles and responsibilities
 Key themes
– Technology Requirements
– Physical and Logical Elements
– Host – Interconnect – Storage
– Data Flow
– Storage Security

Closing Slide

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Virtualization Technologies

© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.

© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 2

© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 3

Virtualization provides logical views of

Virtualization removes physical resource

© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 4

 Lower total cost of ownership

© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 5

Virtual Each application sees its own logical

Virtual Each application sees its own logical

Virtual Each application sees its own logical

Virtual Each application sees its own logical

© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 6 6

Virtual Each application sees its own logical

Virtual Each application sees its own logical

VLAN A VLAN B VLAN C

Benefits of Virtual Networks

Before Server Virtualization: After Server Virtualization:

App App App App App App

Operating system Virtualization layer

 Single operating system image per  Virtual Machines (VMs) break

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© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 10

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Distributed intelligence / centralized management

Tape, Tape Drive, File System,

Host based server Storage Device Storage

In-band Virtualization Out-of-band Virtualization

© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 14

Solution: MultiPathing Software NAS Gateway

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Standard environment Before:

Each array delivers units of performance

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Standard environment Before:

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Standard environment Before:

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Standard environment Before:

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 Deployed in a SAN environment

Multi-vendor storage arrays

© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 29

Next-Generation Data Center Operations

Application Business Nondisruptive

Optimizes Resources and Improves Flexibility

SAN SAN Virtualization

Multi-vendor storage arrays Multi-vendor storage arrays

All applications have direct Simplify volume access

 With network-based virtualization, data can

Data mobility becomes a routine

Inside the Intelligent Switch

Input I/O Mapping

Intelligent switch becomes storage target

© 2007 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtualization Technologies - 33

Inside the Intelligent Switch

Input I/O Mapping

Intelligent switch—data path