Introduction To PHP

Web Programming
PHP: An Introduction
Information Technology Department
FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE
Web Programming
HTML is Static and Boring

HTML is great if you just want to share picture of your pet... but not so great if you want to interact with visitors to your site. It is like forming a line without interaction to other people
Web Programming
PHP brings web pages to LIFE

PHP is a server-side scripting language that runs its application in a server. It adds functionality to a static web page. PHP files can contain text, HTML tags and scripts PHP runs on different platforms (Windows, Linux, Unix, etc.) To get access to a web server with PHP support, you can Install Apache (or IIS) on your own server, install PHP, and MySQL
Web Programming
What is PHP?
Written as a set of CGI binaries in C in 1994 by Rasmus Lerdorf
Created to display resume and collect data about page traffic, e.g. dynamic web pages Personal Home Page tools publicly released 1995 In 1998 became PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor
PHP is among the most stable and efficient tools available for creating dynamic, interactive Web page. PHP creates Dynamic Web Sites
Web Programming
Dynamic Web Site

A dynamic website is one that has
frequently changing information (e.g. Content Management System) interacts with the user from various methods (HTTP cookies or database variables e.g., previous history, session variables, server side variables, e.g., environmental data) direct interaction (form elements, mouseovers, simulation, etc.).
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Tools and Language

Macromedia CSS Dreamweaver8.0 Java Script Adobe Photoshop Coffee Cup Menu HTML Builder PHP XAMPP MySQL Apache Cute FTP
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PHP vs C/C++
Similarities:
Compiled Language Syntax nearly the same (For/While/If) Requires semicolons after each statement ; Assignment is right to left ($num = 56;) Object-Oriented (Class support, inheritance, virtuals, polymorphism) Functions! Types are nearly the same (booleans, integers, strings, etc.)
Web Programming
PHP vs. C/C++

Differences:
Variables begin with $ sign ($name = John Doe;) No explicit declaration of variable types Introduction of lazy functions (foreach, explode, mail) No Function Overloading Hidden functions-within-a-function Compiled/interpreted during every page load Echo for output
Web Programming
PHP vs. C/C++

Web Specific:
Cookies and Sessions Dynamic HTML based on user-defined logic Interact and process a forms action Process URL Parameters Easy Database Integration Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) security hacks - taken care of by PHP 5
Allows code injection by web users into web pages viewed by other users (e.g. phishing attacks)
Web Programming
Client/Server Interaction
For Web pages, the client requests a page the server returns it: theres no permanent connection, just a short conversation Details of the conversation are specified by HTTP
Server
Server Server Server Client
Server
request response Server
Client
Client Server
Client
Client Client
Server
Client
Client
Web Programming
How to start PHP?
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Preliminaries
1. Open the XAMPP Control Panel.
c:\xampp Check the Apache module and click start. make sure that the Apache module is in Running mode
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Preliminaries
2. Create your folder.
c:\xampp\htdocs\xampp Use this folder to save all your files.
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PHP Delimeters
<html> <head><title> My First PHP Program </title></head> <body> <?php echo This is a PHP basic syntax; ?> </body> </html> The command print can also be used in displaying texts. <? ?> can also be used.
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The <script> tag:
Other Structure: Escaping the HTML
... <script language = php> echo This is a PHP basic syntax; </script> ...
ASP style():
... <% echo This is a PHP basic syntax; %> ...
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Comments in PHP
PHP supports C, C++ and Unix shell-type (Perl style) comments.
... <?php // This is a comment. # This is a comment. /* This is a block of comment */ ?> ...
Inline comments
Block of comments
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Using and
Compare:
... <?php echo echo echo echo ?> ...
This This This This
is is is is
using using using using
double quotes; single quotes; both; both;
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Using Variables
All variables in PHP start with a $ sign symbol. Variables may contain strings, numbers or arrays. Example:
... $num1 = 10; echo The number value is $num1 <br/>; $real = 2.50; echo The float value is $real <br/>; $txt1 = I am a string; echo The string value is $txt1 <br/>; $bool = TRUE; echo The boolean value is $bool <br/>; $hex = 0x1A; echo The hexadecimal value is $hex <br/>; $y = &$num1; echo $y is a reference to the original variable; ...
Web Programming
Using Variables
Variables are used for storing values, such as numbers, strings or function results, so that they can be used many times in a script. Rules
The first character must be a letter or an underscore _. A variable can only contain alpha-numeric character and underscores (a-Z, 0-9, and _) A variable containing more than one word should be separated with underscore ($my_string), or with capitalization ($myString).
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The Difference of and

... $num1 = 10; echo The value is $num1; echo <br />; echo The value is $num1; ...
Output: The value is 10 The value is $num1
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Concatenation in PHP
To concatenate two or more variables together, use the dot (.) operator.
... $txt2 = This is concatenated with the \$txt1.; echo $txt1 . . $txt2; ...
Comma (,) can also be used to concatenate series of strings.
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Escape Characters
\n \r \t \v \\ \$ \" Next Line Carriage Return Horizontal Tab Vertical Tab Backslash Dollar Sign Double-Quote
echo This is a text. \n echo This is a text. \r echo \t This is a text. echo \v This is a text. echo This is a \\ backslash. echo Your total bill is \$98.00. echo You can call me \Jeff\ ;
Web Programming
Casting
<?php $testData = 10.98 degrees; echo As string: . (string)$testData. <br/>; echo As double: . (double)$testData. <br/>; echo As integer: . (integer)$testData. <br/>; ?>
Other type: echo (int) $testData; echo (float) $testData;
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Constant Values
... define(WORLD_INFO, 92897000); define(SUN_INFO, 72000000); define(MOON_INFO, 3456); echo The World is . WORLD_INFO. miles from the Sun; echo The Suns core temperature is approximately. SUN_INFO. degrees Fahrenheit. <br/>; echo The Moon is .MOON_INFO. miles in diameter; ...
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Operators
Operators are used to operate on values.
Arithmetic Operators Assignment Operators Comparison Operators Logical Operators
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Arithmetic Operators
Operator Description Example
$x=2 $x+2 4
Result
Addition
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Subtraction
Multiplication Division Modulus Increment Decrement
$x=2 5-$x
$x=4 $x*5 15/5 5/2 5%2 10%8 $x=5 $x++ or ++$x x=5 $x-- or --$x
3
20 3 2.5 1 2 6 4
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Assignment Operators
Operator = += -= *= /= %= Example $x=$y $x += $y $x -= $y $x *= $y $x /= $y $x %= $y Is the Same As $x=$y $x = $x + $y $x = $x - $y $x = $x * $y $x = $x / $y $x = $x % $y
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Comparison Operator
Operator == != > < >= <= Example Is equal to Is not equal to Is greater than Is less than Is greater than or equal to Is less than or equal to Is the Same As 5==8 returns false 5!=8 returns true 5>8 returns false 5<8 returns true 5>= 8 returns false 5<=8 returns true
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Logical Operators
Operator && || ! Description and or not
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Seat Work: What is the output?

<?php $x = 10; echo $x++; echo <br/>; echo $x-2; echo <br/>; echo --$x; echo <br/>; $x += 6; echo $x;
?>
Web Programming
Exercise No. 1
Create a PHP Program that will make use of variables for Name, Course, Birthdate and Age. For the value of age, it should be computed by the year of birth and the current year. Use variables for 3 Quizzes and compute its average (by percentage). Put it all in a table. Name: Course: Birthdate: Age: Quiz 1: Quiz 2: Quiz 3: Quiz Ave:
Joseph Allan dela Cruz BS Computer Science January 1, 1984 26 45 / 50 82 / 100 17 / 20 84.71 FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Introduction To PHP

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Web Programming

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

HTML is Static and Boring

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

PHP brings web pages to LIFE

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Dynamic Web Site

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Tools and Language

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

PHP vs. C/C++

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

PHP vs. C/C++

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

How to start PHP?

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

The <script> tag:

Other Structure: Escaping the HTML

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

This This This This

using using using using

double quotes; single quotes; both; both;

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

The Difference of and

Output: The value is 10 The value is $num1

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Comma (,) can also be used to concatenate series of strings.

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Other type: echo (int) $testData; echo (float) $testData;

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

* / % ++ -Information Technology Department

FEU EAST ASIA COLLEGE

Information Technology Department