Sampling Techniques

Sampling Techniques
Sampling techniques is a procedure used to determine the individuals or members of a sample.

Who will be included in the sample?

Sampling Techniques
Probability Sampling
is a sampling technique wherein each member or element of the population has an equal chance of being selected as members of the sample.

Non - Probability Sampling

is a sampling technique wherein members of the sample are drawn based on the judgment of the others.

Probability Sampling Techniques

Simple Random Sampling
in this sampling technique the individual in the population has an equal chance of being drawn into the sample. Lottery Method

Table of Random Numbers

Probability Sampling Techniques

Table of Random Numbers

14522 32156 25468 85602 01458

12795 98654 23658 82256 86541

65032 21365 08974 26541 03684

59351 85013 41269 75488 56888

Probability Sampling Techniques

Systematic Sampling
in this sampling technique we have to select a random starting point, then draw a successive elements from the population.

N = 30

n=5

i=6

4 = 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th, 20th

Probability Sampling Techniques

Stratified Random Sampling
in this sampling technique we divide the elements of a population into different categories or subpopulations and then the members of the sample are drawn or selected proportionally from each subpopulation.

Probability Sampling Techniques

Stratified Random Sampling
Example: Suppose a community consists of 5 000 families belonging to different income brackets. We will draw 600 families as our sample. Below are the subpopulations and the corresponding number of families to each stratum.

Strata High-Income

Number of Families 1 000

Average-Income
Low-Income

2 500
1 500 N = 5 000

Probability Sampling Techniques

Simple Stratified Random Sampling
Strata High-Income Average-Income Low-Income Number of Families 1 000 2 500 1 500 Sample 200 200 200

N = 5 000

n = 600

Probability Sampling Techniques

Stratified Proportional Random Sampling
Strata High Average Number of Families 1 000 2 500 Percentage 1000/5000 = 0.2 or 20% 2500/5000 = 0.5 or 50% Number of Families in the Sample 0.2 x 600 = 120 0.5 x 600 = 300

Low

1 500
N = 5 000

1500/5000 = 0.3 or 30%

0.3 x 600 = 180

n = 600

Probability Sampling Techniques

Cluster Sampling
in this sampling technique we will select or draw the members of the sample by group and then we select a sample of elements from each cluster or group randomly. this sampling technique is sometimes called as area sampling because this is use or applied when the population is large.

Probability Sampling Techniques

Multi-Stage Sampling
it is the combination of several sampling techniques.

Census Sampling
making use of all members of the population.

Non-Probability Sampling Techniques

Convenience Sampling
is a process of selecting a group of individuals who are available for study

Quota Sampling
selects a specified number of sampling units to complete the designated proportional part of the population

Non-Probability Sampling Techniques

Purposive Sampling
is a process of selecting based from judgment to select a sample which the researcher believed will provide the data they need

Snowball Sampling
is a technique in which one or more members of a population are located and used to lead the researchers to other members of the population