GSLV-D5

NAME:R.NIVETHA CLASS: 9-A

GSLV
The Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (Gslv)

Is A Launch System Which Has Been Develeoped By Isro (Indian Space Research Organisation). It Was Introduced So That India Would Be Able To Launch Its Insat Satellites Into Geostationary Orbit, Which Will In Turn Help India Become Less Dependent On Foreign Satellites. The Gslv Is A Three Stage/Engine Rocket. The Core Of FirstStage Is Fired With Solid Fuel While The Four Strap-on Motors By Liquid Fuel. The Second Is The Liquid Fuel And The Third Is The Cryogenic Engine. The Cost Of The Indian Gslv Is Rs 220 Crore.

WHAT IS GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT

Geostationary Orbit Is A Circular Orbit 35,786 Kilometers (22,236 Mi) Above The Earths Equator, And Which Following The Direction Of The Earths Rotation. Communications Satellites And Weather Satellites Are Often Given Geostationary Orbits, So That The Satellite Antennas That Communicate With Them Do Not Have To Move To Track Them, But Can Be Pointed Permanently At The Position In The Sky Where The stay.

GSLV-D5
Liquid hydrogen is being filled into the engine of

GSLV-D5 rocket which will lift off from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota at 4.18pm on Sunday. Earlier, the scientists at the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) had filled the engine with liquid oxygen.

GSLV STRUCTURE

Preserving liquid hydrogen at -253 degree Celsius and liquid oxygen at -183 degree Celsius is the biggest challenge during the liftoff and firing stages. After the liftoff, GSLV-D5, powered by an indigenous cryogenic engine, will cruise for a little more than 17 minutes before injecting the GSAT-14 communication satellite into geosynchronous transfer orbit. Later, the orbit will be raised to a 36,000km geosynchronous stationery orbit. "All pre-launch preparations are going on smoothly. The weather in fine," an Isro spokesperson said.

GSLV-D5 PAY LOAD

The countdown for the crucial launch began at 11.18am on Saturday. After two failures and an aborted attempt at launching the 'heavy duty' rocket in the past three years, Isro scientists say they are confident of a successful launch this time. "We have done 45 different tests and made several corrections to some components after reviewing the previous flights of GSLV," Isro chairman K Radhakrishnan told TOI minutes after the 29-hour countdown began on Saturday. "We are confident," he said.

While India has mastered the PSLV range of rockets with a string of 25 consecutive successes, GSLV, which can carry heavier payloads including humans to space, has remained a challenge. In April 2010, Isro tested its first indigenous cryogenic engine, but it failed a little less than a second after the cryogenic stage ignited. A refurbished GSLV-D5 was to be launched in August 2013, but a leak in the liquid fuel tank forced the mission to be aborted two hours before the rocket was to lift off.

We have thoroughly studied the past experiences and made changes. We are all upbeat," said Radhakrishnan while travelling from the Isro headquarters in Bangalore to Sriharikota on Saturday. The Sriharikota launch pad became active after the mission readiness review team and the launch authorization board cleared the launch on December 28, 2013. Soon the vehicle was moved from the vehicle assembly building to the umbilical tower.

GSLV COUNTDOWN BEGIN AND TAKE OFF

India had got seven cryogenic engines from Russia, and Isro has used six of them. With no affordable supply coming from abroad, India felt the necessity to develop its own cryogenic engine, which uses liquid hydrogen as fuel and liquid oxygen and oxidizer. Cryogenics, the science of extremely low temperatures, has posed a challenge to rocket scientists across the world. India's ambitious future space programmes, including interplanetary explorations and manned missions, rest on the shoulders of GSLV. A successful flight of GSLV-D5 on Sunday would be a morale booster for ISRO and the best promise for bigger space ventures.

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