Finite Element Modeling of Shell: Rajeev Kumar School of Engineering IIT Mandi

Short Term Course on Finite Element Method for Engineering Applications-2013
Rajeev Kumar
School of Engineering
IIT Mandi
Finite element modeling of
Shell
1
The global coordinates of any arbitrary point in the above degenerated shell element can be
expressed using the nodal coordinates and isoparametric shape functions as
3
9 9
3
1 1
3
2
i i
i i i i i
i i
i i
x x l
y N y N t m
z z n
,
= =

= +
` ` `

) ) )

where, is the thickness at node . , and
are the direction cosines of normal unit vector
at node i and , are tangent to the
midsurface ( ).
i
t
3i
l 3i
m
3i
n
3i
V
1i
V
2i
V
0 , =
Geometric Field
The following quadratic quadrilateral shape functions are considered:
For nodes 1, 2, 3 and 4
( )
1
(1 ) 1
4
i i i i i
N qq qq = + +
For nodes 5 and 7
( )
2
1
1 (1 )
2
i i
N qq = +
For nodes 6 and 8
( )( )
2
1
1 1
2
i i
N q = +
For node 9
( )
2 2
(1 ) 1
i
N q =
Displacement Field

The displacements of an arbitrary point in the element is given as
2 1
9 9
2 1
1 1
2 1
2
oi i i
i
i oi i i i i
i i i
oi i i
u u l l
v N v N t m m
w w n n
o
,
|
= =
(

(
= +
` ` `
(
)

(
) )

Each node has three translation degrees of freedom in the global coordinates and
two rotational degrees of freedom
i
,
i
about the local coordinates.
oi oi oi
w v u
,
,
It can be written in compact form as
{ } { }
u e e
e
u
u v N q
w

' ( = =
`

)
where
i =1, 29
Strain Displacement Relationship
The strain components with respect to the global coordinates can be expressed from the
displacements as
{ }
x
y
z
xy
yz
zx
u
x
v
y
w
z
u v
y x
v w
z y
w u
x z
c
c
c
c
c

c

c

c

c

c
= =
` `
c c

+
c c

c c

)
+
c c

c c

+

c c )
This can be represented in matrix form as
{ } | | { }
e e
B q c
'
=
| |
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 1
2 1
2 1
2 2 1 1
2 2 1 1
2 2 1 1
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
i
i xi i xi
i
i yi i yi
i
i zi i zi
i
i i
i yi i xi i yi i xi
i i
i zi i yi i zi i yi
i i
i xi i zi i xi i zi
N
l g l g
x
N
m g m g
y
N
n g n g
z
B
N N
l g m g l g m g
y x
N N
m g n g m g n g
z y
N N
n g l g n g l g
z x
c

c
=

c c
+ +
c c
c c
+ +
c c
c c
+ +
c c
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
i i
xi i i
H N
g N H
x x
c c
= +
c c
i i
yi i i
H N
g N H
y y
c c
= +
c c
i i
zi i i
H N
g N H
z z
c c
= +
c c
The rotational transformation matrix at node i is
| |
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
1 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
i
i i i
i i i
i i i
t
l m n
l m n
l m n
u
(
(
(
(
=
(
(
(
(
(

Thus the rotational transformation matrix for the nine nodes element may be written as
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
e
t
t
t
t
t T
t
t
t
t
u
u
u
u
u u
u
u
u
u
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
=
(
(
(
(
(
(

{ } | | { }
e e e
q T q
u
' =
Hence,
Strain Energy
The strain energy stored in the shell may be written as
{ } { }
1
1
2
nl
k
k
V
V dV c o
T
=
=

}
{ } { }
( )
1
1
2
nl
k k
k
k
V
V Q dV c c
T
=
(
=

}
{ } | | | | | | | | { }
(
1
1
2
nl
e
e e e e e e
k
k
V
V q T B Q B T q
u u
T T T
=
( =

}
{ } | | { }
1
2
uu
e e e
V q k q
T
(
=

where
| | | | | | | | | |
1
nl
uu
e e e e e
k
k
V
k T B Q B T dV
u u
T T
=
( =

}
Kinetic Energy Equation
Element kinetic energy can be written as
{ } { }
1
1
2
nl
e
k
k
V
T u u dV
T
=
=

}
{ } | | { }
1
2
e
uu
e e e
T q m q
T
=
| | | | | | | | | |
1
nl
uu k u u
e e e e e
k
V
m T N N T dV
u u
T T
=
=
}
Work done by the External Forces
Total work externally done on the element is given by :
{ } { } { } { }
1
s
s p
e e e
s
W u f ds u f
T T
= +
}
{ } | | | | { } { } | | | | { }
1
s
u s u p
e e e e e e e
e
s
W q T N f ds q T N f
u u
T T T T T T
= +
}
Equation can be rewritten in condensed form as
{ } { }
s
m
e e
W q F
T
=
{ } | | { } | | | | { }
1
m s u p
u e e e e
e e
s
F T N f ds T N f
u u
T
T T T
( = +
}
where
EQUATIONS OF MOTION
Equations of motion of a piezolaminated shell is obtained using Hamiltons principle as
( ) 0
f
o
t
s
t
L W dt o + =
}
{ } | | { }
( )
f f
o o
t t
uu
e e e
t t
Vdt q k q dt o o
T
=
} }
{ } { }
( )
0
f f
o
t t
s
m
e e
t t
W dt q F dt o o
T
=
} }
{ } | | { }
( )
f f
o o
t t
uu
e e e
t t
Tdt q m q dt o o
T
=
} }
{ } | | { } | | { } { } ( )
f
o
t
uu uu m
e e e e e e
t
q m q k q F dt o
T
+
}
Hence
Resulting governing equations for an element will be
| |{ } | |{ } | |{ } { }
uu uu uu m
m q c q k q F + + =
Thank you
17

Finite Element Modeling of Shell: Rajeev Kumar School of Engineering IIT Mandi

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Short Term Course on Finite Element Method for Engineering Applications-2013

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