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INTRODUCTION
Parallel operation
Series operation Compressor control Pump control bulletin
GENERAL DISCUSSION
CURVE SHAPES
120
100
Head (Percent)
80 60 Full Emission Concentric Bowl & ETA Double Log Spiral Z Series
40
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 Flow (Percent) 120 140 160
Head, H
System head
Capacity, Q
Head, H
Capacity, Q
OPERATING SYSTEM
Head, H
Q2
Q1
Capacity, Q
BY-PASS REQUIRED?
Head, H
Bypass Flow
Capacity, Q
Under-sized pump
Capacity, Q
IMPACT OF WEAR
Over a period of time, system and pump characteristics get deteriorated After 15 years, friction losses in pipe are 60% more important! To be taken in account in the choice of the pump
MINIMUM FLOW
Water Hammering
May happen if a air/gas pocket is located in the downstream line Can be seen as a simple spring-mass system Need a excitation to happen Can be reduced / solved by having a flow control valve close from the pump discharge Predominent for compressors
Control valve within 3m of discharge Flexible lines only after control valve A straight pipe of at least 10 times diameter length on the discharge Choose correct size of valve
FS
CONTROLLING
120
80
60
Full Emission Concentric Bowl & ETA Double Log Spiral Z Series
40
PARALLEL OPERATION
Head, H
PUMP A AND B
PUMP A OR B Capacity, Q
PARALLEL OPERATION
PARALLEL OPERATION
STARTUP SEQUENCE
1. SET EACH BYPASS FOR MIN. ALLOWABLE FLOW 2. CLOSE PROCESS FLOW CONTROL VALVE 3. START PRE-LUBE PUMPS IF APPLICABLE 4. START A AND STABILIZE START B AND STABILIZE 5. SET DESIRED PROCESS FLOW RATE
A
FLOW SENSOR
FLOW SENSOR
CONTROLLER
SERIES OPERATION
PUMP A AND B
PUMP A OR B Capacity, Q
SERIES OPERATION
Requires extra measure of care (for second unit especially) Pre-lube normally advisable on 2nd unit. Tandem seal & suitable buffer probably required.
STARTUP SEQUENCE
1. SET BYPASS FOR MIN. ALLOWABLE FLOW 2. CLOSE PROCESS FLOW CONTROL VALVE 3. START PRE-LUBE PUMPS IF APPLICABLE 4. START 1ST UNIT AND STABILIZE 5. START 2ND UNIT AND STABILIZE 6. SET DESIRED PROCESS FLOW RATE
SENSOR
CHECK
CONTROLLER
CHECK