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Mozambique is a rising economic power. Political stability and the economists prospects suggest that the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) will grow an annual rate of 7.7% until 2015, placing the country among the four most accelerating world growths. The economic growth is being powered in particular by the structure of the industry sector and the discovery of important energy resources, including coal, salt, graphite, gold, precious stones, marble, and especially coal, oil and natural gas. Particularly in relation to natural gas, Mozambique may become the third largest exporter, since the discovered gas reserves are quite significant, which approximate to those of Algeria, which is the largest African producer, and happen to be among of the five largest natural gas reserves holders in the world. Having said that, considering that the big companies are developing these sectors industry and energy resources - and since Mozambique does not have sufficient structures, for instance, in transport, such as railways and roads and bridges, other companies will have to come in order to develop the necessary infrastructures. This will inevitably lead to more growth in many other areas and not only those related to energy resources, thus enabling the country to achieve that expected growth of GDP, boosted by the returns of foreign direct investment.
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/charts/mozambique-gdp-growth-annual
INDEX YEAR
2013
OVERALL SCORE
LABOUR FREEDOM
MONETARY FREEDOM
TRADE FREEDOM
75.4
INVESTMENT FREEDOM
50.0
FINANCIAL FREEDOM
50.0
PROPERTY RIGHTS
30.0 27.0
FISCAL FREEDOM
76.2
BUSINESS FREEDOM
63.9
Currency Fiscal year Trade organizations GDP GDP growth GDP per capita GDP by sector Population below poverty line Main industries Inflation (CPI) Foreign reserves
Ease of Doing Business Rank
$1,200 (PPP) (2012 est.) Rank: 212 (2012 est.) agriculture (29.5%) industry (23.9%) services (46.5%) (2012 est.) 52% (2009 est.)
aluminum, coal, petroleum products, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints),cement, asbestos, glass, te xtiles, tobacco, food processing, beverages
139th
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambique
TOPIC RANKINGS
DB 2013 Rank
DB 2012 Rank
Change in Rank
Starting a Business
Dealing with Construction Permits Getting Electricity Registering Property Getting Credit Protecting Investors Paying Taxes Trading Across Borders Enforcing Contracts Resolving Insolvency
96
135 174 155 129 49 105
82
135 174 160 127 46 103
-14
No change No change 5 -2 -3 -2
134
132 147
135
132 146
1
No change -1
http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/mozambique
OPPORTUNITIES - Processing of commodities; - Infrastructure development, including power generation, water development management, rail and air transport, and telecommunication; - A variety of unexploited mineral deposits;
THREATS - Tensions between the two main political parties, deriving from their history of civil war; and - HIV/AIDS epidemic and its impact on
C) EMERGING SECTOR
AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURE
Mozambique has an estimated 36 Million Hectares of arable land of which only around 10 - 12 percent is under cultivation. There is immense agricultural potential in Mozambique, diverse soil types and climatic conditions are suitable for a large variety of crops. There are around 60 rivers in Mozambique to which are useful in irrigating the fields. The post independence policy on agriculture, lays stress on large scale farming and market incentives. Some of the large export crops have been revived by foreign investments and joint ventures, but many crops domestically produced still face a lot of constraints in infrastructure, poor road network and marketing. The rehabilitation of such facilities is one of the priorities of the government. Development of commercial agriculture in suitable areas with existing water resources and irrigation facilities is another priority. (http://focusafrica.gov.in/Investment_Opportunities_in_Mozambique.ht ml)
MINING
Mozambique has a significant amount of mineral deposits in coal, natural gas, gold, oil, diamonds and titanium. With an increase in the geological studies there has been a vast increase in the investment by the leading international and regional mining companies. Still in 2007, mining and quarrying contributed to only 1.6 % of the GDP. The constraints in this sector are poor infrastructure and the late civil war. The mining sector has been growing due to the presence of international mining companies. The other known deposits are of graphite, marble, bentonite, coal, gold bauxite, granite, fluorite, diatomite, emeralds, tourmaline, apatite and limestone. The regulatory responsibility for mining rests with the Ministry of Mineral Resources and Energy.
(http://focusafrica.gov.in/Investment_Opportunities_in_Mozambique.html)
ENERGY
In July 1997, the Mozambican government liberalized the electricity market, which allowed the private investors in the sector. The country has enormous resources for production of energy, large hydro resources, coal, natural gas, biomass and high levels of solar radiations. The demand for electricity is expected to grow around 11% each year till 2015. With the new reforms both the national and international players have equal opportunities. The solar power and hydro electric power can create power for domestic use as the electrical power grid only reaches to 14% of the population.
(http://focusafrica.gov.in/Investment_Opportunities_in_Mozambiq ue.html)
MANUFACTURING
At the time of independence, Mozambiques industrial base was well developed by Sub-Saharan standards due to the boom in investments in this sector in the period of 1960 -70. The sector has benefited immensely by the macro economic situation and the increase in the demand resulting to massive foreign investment and high economic growth. The food processing sector is one of the largest segments of this industry. Light manufactures, such as beverages, textiles and wood processing are also important.
(http://focusafrica.gov.in/Investment_Opportunities_in_Mozambique.htm l)
INFRASTRUCTURE
(http://www.hicomind-maputo.org)
4) Adani Enterprises The Gujarat-based Adani groups flagship firm, is in discussions with the Mozambique-based NCondezi Coal to acquire a minority stake in its coal assets. The deal with the AIM-listed NCondezi is expected to be in the range of $350-400 million (Rs 2,000-2,200 crore). 5) Coal India limited Taking its plans to develop coal blocks in the African nation forward, Coal India has started further exploration of its twin mines in Mozambique. "The drilling (of blocks in Mozambique) has started in the first week of June, 2013. The selection of agency for further drilling of 30,000 metre was completed in May, 2013," Coal India informed an inter-ministerial panel in a meeting.
F)PEST ANALYSIS
Political overview
Following independence from Portugal in June 1975, the country underwent a 16-year armed conflict that ended in 1992. The transition to peace, political stability, and democracy culminated in the countrys first democratic elections in 1994 and the emergence of the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) as the dominant political force in the country, a fact that still holds true today. Looking ahead, the next two years will be marked by several political milestones. The well anticipated designation of the partys candidate to succeed President Guebuza who is due to step down at the end of his term in 2014 and the 2013 municipal elections. In the meantime, the country is undergoing political turmoil since the leader of the largest opposition group (RENAMO) decided to boycott this years municipal elections and the subsequent general elections of next year, following years of successive poll defeats. RENAMO is demanding, among other things, the revision of the electoral law and regulations governing the composition of the electoral body. It considers this issue a precondition for the realization of municipal elections that they've threatened to disrupt if agreement is not reached. In parallel, there have been calls for direct talks between President Guebuza with RENAMO leader. Delegations of both sides have been holding talks since the crisis first erupted some three months ago. (http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mozambique/overview)
Economical environnent
Mozambiques transition from a post-conflict country to one of Africas frontier economies has been nothing short of impressive. Economic growth spurred on by political stability, steady macroeconomic management, reconstruction, and structural reforms has been bolstered by a boom in large foreign investments in the burgeoning energy and natural resources sectors. The country has become a world-class destination for mining and natural gas development. Vast untapped coal reserves have attracted multinationals such as Brazil's Vale and Australian Rio Tinto. Recent figures indicate that foreign direct investment (FDI) doubled to US$5.2 billion in 2012. The countrys recent achievement of Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative (EITI) compliant status (October 2012) is an important milestone in the countrys economic development. Alongside its natural resources, Mozambiques long coastline positions it as a natural gateway to global markets for neighbouring land-locked countries. Mozambique's economy is forecast to grow at 7% this year (2013). The country has weathered the global economic and financial crises, with economic growth dipping to 6.3% in 2009 but rising to 7.2% in 2011 and 7.5% in 2012. Inflation has reached record low levels, at 1.2% in the 12-months ending in September 2012. Infrastructure spending as well as foreign investments in new mega-projects are expected to drive economic growth to 8% over the medium-term. However, this impressive trajectory of growth has not been matched by a concomitant reduction in poverty and creation of jobs and livelihoods, prompting questions about the current development model and the need for greater inclusiveness and economic diversification.
SOCIAL FACTOR
AGE DISTRIBUTION
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