MATERIAL BALANCE

Flowsheet

 We have assumed production rate of methyl oleate 10000kg/day ( Plant Capacity) Plant run for 300 days/ year Remaining days is used for maintenance of plant BASIS : Time Basis of per one day

Material Balance Around Reactor

Triolein + 3 methanol
COMPOUND TRIOLEIN

Glycerol + 3 methyl oleate.

MOLECULAR WEIGHT 885.43

METHANOL
GLYCEROL METHYL OLEATE (BIODIESEL)

32
92 296.48

 Feed to the reactor Triolein Feed Rate : 10157.995 kg/day Methanol Feed Rate : 1101.344 kg /day Conversion in the reactor is assumed to be 98% NaOH is used as a catalyst in the reaction Feed rate : 203.16kg/day

Product Rate Methyl Oleate production Rate : 10000kg/day Triolein in Product : 2% of 10157.995 = 203.16 kg/day Methanol in Product : 2% of 1101.34 = 22.026kg/day Glycerol :1034.16 kg/day

INPUT
COMPONENT Triolein Methanol NaOH Total MASS (Kg) 10157.995 1101.344 203.16 11462.50

Output
COMPINENT Triolein Methanol NaOH Methyl Oleate Glycerol Total MASS(kg) 203.16 22.026 203.16 10000 1034.16 11462.5

 The mass is conserved around the reactor Total Input = Total Output

Material Balance around Separator( Flash Column)

Feed is same as the product of the reactor NaOH is assumed to be removed 100% in the separator

Output
COMPONENT Triolein Methanol MASS( Kg) 203.16 22.026

Methyl oleate
Glycerol Total

10000
1034.159 11259.34

The mass is conserved around the reactor Total Input = 11462.5 kg NaOH removed by the separator : 203.16 kg Total Product : 11259.34 kg Total Input = Total Output

Material Balance around Distillation Column I

Feed is same as the product from the separator. Assumption 98% recovery of methanol in distillate 2% recovery of Glycerol in distillate 1% recovery of triolein in distillate 0.5% recovery of methyl oleate in distillate

Distillates
Methanol in the distillates = 0.98 x 0.917 = 0.899 kg/hr = 21.5796kg/day Glycerol in the distillates = 43.089x 0.02 = 0.861kg/hr = 20.683 kg/day Triolein in the distillates = 8.465 x 0.01 = 0.0846kg/hr = 2.0315kg/day Methyl oleate in the distillates = 416.67 x 0.005 = 2.083kg/hr =50kg/day.

Bottoms
From mass conservation law we obtain: 2% of methanol is obtained in bottoms 98% of glycerol is obtained in bottoms 99% of triolein is obtained in bottoms 99.5% of methyl oleate in bottoms

 Methanol in bottoms = 0.02 x 0.917 = 0.018 kg/hr = 0.4404kg/day. Glycerol in bottoms = 0.98 x 43.089 = 42.228 kg/hr = 1013.475kg/day . Trioleinn in bottoms = 0.99 x 8.465 = 8.38 kg/hr = 201.128kg/day Methyl oleate in bottoms = .995 x 416.67 = 414.58 kg/hr = 9950kg/day

COMPONENT Triolein Methanol Methyl Oleate

DISTILLATE (kg/day) 2.0315 21.5796 50

BOTTOMS(kg/day) 201.128 .44 9950

Glycerol
Total

20.683
94.2941

1013.475
11165.04

 We Know that Feed = Distillate + Bottoms

Mass is conserved around the distillation column

Material Balance around Extractor

Water is added to the extractor in the ratio of 1:4(glycerol : water) Glycerol rate in the feed = 1013.475kg/day Water rate to be added = 4 *1013.475 = 4053.9kg/day Feed is the bottoms from the distillation tower I Assuming 99% extraction of glycerol and water from extractor.

 Purpose of using the extractor is to remove the glycerol from the fees obtain from the bottoms of the distillation tower I solvent used is Water Product Mixture obtain after passing from the extractor is free if Glycerol

Material Balance around Distillation Column II

Feed is same as the product from the extractor. Assumption 99% recovery of Methyl oleate in distillate 99% recovery of methanol in distillate. 1% recovery of triolein in distillate. 99% recovery of water in distillate. 99% recovery of glycerol in distillate.

Distillate
Methanol in the distillates =0.018 x .99 = 0.0179 kg/hr = .44kg/day Triolein in the distillates = 8.38x 0.01 = 0.0838 kg/hr = 2.011kg/day Methyl oleate in the distillates = 414.58 x 0.99 = 410.4 kg/hr = 9850.5 kg/day Water in the distillate = 1.6884 x 0.99 = 1.67kg/hr = 40.08kg/day Glycerol in the distillate = 0.422 x 0.99 = 0.417kg/hr = 10.008kg/day

Bottoms
Assumption 99% of triolein is obtained in bottoms 1% of methanol is obtained in bottoms 1% of methyl oleate in bottoms 1% of water in bottoms 1% of glycerol in bottoms

 Methanol in the distillates =0.018 x .01 = 1.8E-04 kg/hr =0.0044kg/day Triolein in the distillates = 8.38x 0.99 = 8.2962 kg/hr = 199.1167kg/day Methyl oleate in the distillates = 414.58 x 0.01 = 4.1458 kg/hr = 99.5kg/day Water in the distillate = 1.6884 x 0.01 =0.0168kg/hr = .4032kg/day Glycerol in the distillate = 0.422 x 0.01 = 0.0042 kg/hr =.1008kg/day

COMPONENT Triolein Methanol Methyl Oleate Water Glycerol

DISTILLATE(kg/day) 2.011 .4404 9850.5 40.32 10.08

BOTTOMS(kg/day) 199.1167 0.0044 99.5 .4032 .1008

 From the material balance we see that the total mass is conserved around each equipment Finally our main product methyl oleate from the final distillation column is around 410.4 kg/hr which is 93.4 % pure in the distillate which is matched with literature. Generally transesterification reaction when carried out in ambient temperature 700C around 95-97% conversions are obtained.