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SRAN6.0 Solution

Wireless Air Interface and RF Maintenance & Testing Guide

Wireless Product Service Dept.

www.huawei.com

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

About This Course

This course is based on the SRAN6.0 solution. Before learning this course, you have received the training of the following SRAN6.0 courses:

Product Overview Operation and Maintenance

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 2

Training Objective

After learning this course, you should be able to:

Describe the basic principles of intermodulation interference and CDMA network interference.

Explain how to troubleshoot interference problems by using the wireless air interface and RF maintenance and testing

functions.

Explain principles of the wireless air interface and RF maintenance and testing functions.

Know how to use the wireless air interface and RF maintenance and testing functions.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 3

Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information

2 Specification and Capacity


3 Offline Intermodulation Interference Test (GSM/UMTS/LTE) 4 Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test (GSM) 5 Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 6 Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 7 Frequency Spectrum Scanning (UMTS/LTE) 8 CDMA Network Interference Detection (GSM) 9 Reference Documents & Abbreviation

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 4

Faults Caused by Interference


User Experience
Incoming and outgoing call failure Interruption Noise Mute Call drop

Traffic Statistics Index


The traffic statistics show level 2 or higher level interference bands. The SDCCH and TCH assignment failure rates are high. The call drop occurs frequently, or the call drop rate is high. The success ratio of handovers is low. The rate of high level/ low quality statistics is high.

Drive Test Result


Handovers fail frequently. High level and low quality.

Signaling Analysis
The BER is higher than that of other cells.

Man-made noise is one of the main interference sources for the mobile communication system. Interference within or between communication equipment can be overcome by network planning and system optimization.
Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 5

Classification of System Interference Sources


Hardware Fault
TRX fault RF front end or divider fault Spuriousness and intermodulation Interference from antenna feeder surge protector

Intra-Network Interference
Co-channel or adjacentchannel interference Repeater interference Intermodulation interference

Inter-Network Interference
Radar station Simulation BTS CDMA BTS Cordless telephone set at M900 band Other intra-frequency radio equipment and interference units

The discussing scope of this document: interference types discribed in red

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 6

Definition of Intermodulation Interference


Antenna feeder intermodulation interference: The intermodulation interference mainly comes from the antenna feeder system. When the intermodulation product of the TX signals falls into the receiving band, it will interfere with the signals in the receiving band if its amplitude is large.

Standard requirement on antenna feeder intermodulation: When the input is 2*20 W, TX signal (dBm) - Intermodulation product (dBm) > 150 dBc
Frequency spectrum analyzer test result
Theoretical analysis

Two-carrier intermodulation, power increased Two-carrier intermodulation Four-carrier intermodulation

Four carrier intermodulati on, power increased

TX signal

TX signal

7th order

5th order

3rd order

5th order

3rd order

7th order

TX signal

7th order

Receiving band

Receiving band

Receiving band

3rd order

Receiving band 5th order

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 7

3rd order

7th order

5th order

TX signal

Main Sources of Intermodulation Interference

Intermodulation interference caused by hardware faults

Out-of-band spuriousness of the TRX or power amplifier of the BTS exceeds the limit. The transmit and receive distance of a duplexer at the RF front end is too small.

Intermodulation interference caused by the antenna

The antenna connector is unclean. There are mechanical damage, internal silver plating damage due to dismantling, and scrap iron in the connector.
The antenna connector is insecurely installed or sealed.

The antenna dipoles sealed in the protective cover are eroded.


The feeder parts from the input connector to the dipoles are corroded.
Page 8

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Method for Troubleshooting Intermodulation Interference


Current Method for Troubleshooting Intermodulation Interference
Make preparations to expose potential problems

Difficulties
Engineers cannot remotely determine whether there is antenna feeder intermodulation interference at the site. They should go to the site for troubleshooting, leading to high cost and low efficiency. Engineers need to carry the spectrum analyzer for the troubleshooting, but the analyzer is very expensive and requires high professional skill.

SRAN6.0 Improvements
Engineers can remotely determine whether the antenna feeder intermodulation interference exists at the site, and decide whether to go to the site for handling. Engineers can start the spectrum scanning remotely or locally, without carrying the spectrum analyzer.

Check whether the connectors are loose

Replace the lower jumper and redo the feeder connector

Remove the surge protector and repeater

Replace the CDMA network filter

Check whether it is BTS main device intermodulation or antenna intermodulation

Replace parts (such as antennas) on the tower

Confirm that the interference problem is solved

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 9

Method for Troubleshooting CDMA Interference


Basic Principles of CDMA Interference
A CDMA BTS and an adjacent GSM BTS use adjacent bands

Difficulties
The uplink frequency scanning function is required to test the levels of CDMA frequencies. Engineers determine whether the CDMA interference exists based on their experience. This operation requires high professional skill.

SRAN6.0 Improvements
Engineers can start CDMA interference detection directly through the maintenance terminal, and obtain the test result. No professional skill is required.

The CDMA out-of-band leakage signals fall into the GSM receiver channel

The noise level of the GSM receiver is increased

There is interference with the receiving channel of GSM/UMTS 900 MHz, deteriorating the GSM uplink channel

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 10

Maintenance and Testing Methods Provided by SRAN6.0


Scenario Service Target Maintenance and Testing Methods Provided by SRAN6.0 Remote [Web LMT] Installation & Commissioning of Antenna Feeders Checking whether the project meets the requirements for PIM interference Troubleshooting intermodulation interference Offline intermodulation interference test Local [SMT] Offline intermodulation interference test

Online antenna feeder PIM test

Offline intermodulation interference test

Offline frequency spectrum scanning Troubleshooting Acquiring frequency spectrum information Online frequency spectrum scanning Troubleshooting CDMA Interference CDMA network interference detection

Offline frequency spectrum scanning

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 11

Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information

2 Specification and Capacity


3 Offline Intermodulation Interference Test (GSM/UMTS/LTE) 4 Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test (GSM) 5 Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 6 Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 7 Frequency Spectrum Scanning (UMTS/LTE) 8 CDMA Network Interference Detection (GSM) 9 Reference Documents & Abbreviation

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 12

Specification and Capacity

Applicable products

BTS3900/BTS3900A/BTS3900L/DBS3900 (GSM/UMTS/LTE) BTS3012/BTS3012II/BTS3012AE/BTS3006C/BTS3002E (GSM) Note: For the BTS3012 series, only the new double-density DTRU supports this function. Note: For U and L, the V2/V3 platform supports offline FFT frequency spectrum scanning and offline intermodulation interference detection. The V3 platform supports the online FFT

frequency spectrum.

Matching versions

BSC6900

BSC6900V900R013C00 and later

M2000
BTS

iManager M2000-II V200R011C00 and later


BTS3900 V100R004C00 and later

License control
None

Conflict of features
The RRU co-BCCH (GBFD-510104 multi-site cell) scenario does not support the wireless air interface and RF maintenance and testing function (GSM).

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 13

Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information

2 Specification and Capacity


3 Offline Intermodulation Interference Test (GSM/UMTS/LTE) 4 Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test (GSM) 5 Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 6 Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 7 Frequency Spectrum Scanning (UMTS/LTE) 8 CDMA Network Interference Detection (GSM) 9 Reference Documents & Abbreviation

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 14

Offline Intermodulation Interference Test - Function Description

Basic principle (GSM)


When the signals of RF frequencies f1 and f2 are sent simultaneously on the specified antenna feeder port, check whether the levels of the 3rd order, 5th order, 7th order and higher-order intermodulation products that fall into the receiving band in the range from f1 to f2 can meet

the requirements.

The counter decision thresholds of 3rd order, 5th order, and 7 th order intermodulation

products can be set.

The counter decision threshold of higher-order (higher than 7) intermodulation products is the same as that of the 7th order.

Basic principle (UMTS/LTE)


Observe the difference between RTWP values before and during the intermodulation interference test by controlling the transmit power of the cell, and check whether intermodulation interference exists. Significant RTWP difference indicates the existence of intermodulation

interference. The intermodulation interference is tested only when an antenna feeder port in the TRX module needs to send and receive signals. When the port just sends or receives signals, the intermodulation interference test is unnecessary and unavailable.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 15

Offline Intermodulation Interference Test Function Description

Applicable modules: TRX Module Type DRRU/DRFU MRRU/GRRU MRFU/GRFU

Port A Supported Supported Supported

Port B Not supported Supported Not supported

The offline intermodulation interference test can be performed on only one antenna feeder port in a single cell at one time. The antenna feeder port to be tested should be able to transmit two carriers simultaneously.

DRRU/DRFU MRFU/GRFU

MRRU/GRRU
Page 16

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Offline Intermodulation Interference Test - Function Description

Restrictions

Carriers in other modes cannot be configured on the corresponding TRX module of an antenna feeder port. There is no critical alarm on the corresponding TRX module of an antenna feeder port. During the test, the entire cell is out of service. Before the test starts, the BTS instructs the BSC to trigger the inter-cell service switchover. The high test frequency f1 and low test frequency f2 must fall into the band that is supported by the module. For a multi-carrier module, the bandwidth between f1 and f2 must meet bandwidth requirements for instantaneous transmission.
Page 17

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Offline Intermodulation Interference Test Operation Method (GSM Remote)


Operate the Web LMT or M2000 to trigger the test. Step 1: Run STR BTSRFTST in the MML window of the BSC6900 LMT to start the offline intermodulation interference test. Set Test Type to PIMOFFLINE (offline intermodulation interference test). Note: You can stop the test at any time by running STP BTSRFTST during the test.

Step 2: When the test is complete, the test result is displayed on the LMT. The test result and the original data for achieving the result are saved in a file by the BSC.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 18

Offline Intermodulation Interference Test Operation Method (UMTS Remote Terminal)


1. Run STR RFTEST on the NodeB LMT. Set Test Type to PIMOFFLINE.

2. The offline intermodulation interference test result is displayed.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 19

Offline Intermodulation Interference Test Operation Method (LTE Remote Terminal)


1. Run STR RFTEST on the LTE LMT. Set Test Type to PIMOFFLINE.

2. The offline intermodulation interference test result is displayed.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 20

Offline Intermodulation Interference Test Operation Method (GSM Local Terminal)


Step 1: Run PIM Offline Test on the SMT to start the test. Step 2: When the test is complete, the SMT displays the test result. Note: You can stop the test at any time by clicking Stop during the test.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 21

Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information

2 Specification and Capacity


3 Offline Intermodulation Interference Test (GSM/UMTS/LTE) 4 Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test (GSM) 5 Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 6 Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 7 Frequency Spectrum Scanning (UMTS/LTE) 8 CDMA Network Interference Detection (GSM) 9 Reference Documents & Abbreviation

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 22

Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test Function Description

Basic principles

When multiple carriers are transmitted on the same antenna feeder port with antenna feeder PIM, the intermodulation product (level) is generated in the receiving band. The intermodulation product is a broadband signal. You can check whether there is antenna feeder PIM by analyzing the uplink receiving level difference in cells during off-peak hours between scenarios with all carriers transmitting full power in the downlink and scenarios with some carriers transmitting power.

During the online antenna feeder PIM test, perform 10-second sampling of states for six times in the following sequence: power-transmitting, non-power-transmitting, power-transmitting, non-power-transmitting, power-transmitting, and non-powertransmitting, as shown in the following figure.

Cell coverage Burst power transmitting for 10 seconds

Cell coverage Stop burst power transmitting for 10 seconds

Cell coverage Burst power transmitting for 10 seconds

Cell coverage Stop burst power transmitting for 10 seconds

Cell coverage Burst power transmitting for 10 seconds

Cell coverage Stop burst power transmitting for 10 seconds

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 23

Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test Function Description


TRX Module Type DRRU/DRFU MRRU/GRRU Port A Supported Port B Not supported Supported but cannot determine whether it is port A or port B. You must use the offline intermodulation interference test function to further identify the port with intermodulation interference. Supported Not supported

MRFU/GRFU

DRRU/DRFU

MRRU/GRRU

MRFU/GRFU
Page 24

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test Function Description

Restrictions

The test should be carried out in off-peak hours. It has no adverse impact on the cell service.

Only one online antenna feeder PIM test can be performed simultaneously in one cell. Multiple tests can be performed

simultaneously in multiple cells at a site.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 25

Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test Algorithm Description


Start

Calculate the Delta based on the valid results of all ARFCNs

Number of groups of the valid data exceeding the Delta 2 No Yes Determine the validity of ARFCN measurement according to the ratio of full-power transmit times Yes

Other ARFCNs need to be determined

Number of valid ARFCNs 1

No

Yes Report the existence of the PIM interference with related data Report the inexistence of the PIM interference with related data Report the unreliability of the test result with related data

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 26

Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test Operation Method


Operate the Web LMT or M2000 to trigger the test and display the result. Step 1: Run STR BTSRFTST in the MML window of the BSC6900 LMT to start the offline intermodulation interference test. Set Test Type to PIMONLINE (online antenna feeder PIM test). Note: You can stop the test at any time by running STP BTSRFTS during the test.

Step 2: The whole test lasts about 60 seconds. The BTS reports the progress every 10 seconds. When the test is complete, the test result is displayed in the MML window, and the test result and the original data for achieving the result are saved in the OMU by the BSC.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 27

Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection 1. Background Information

2 Specification and Capacity


3 Offline Intermodulation Interference Test (GSM/UMTS/LTE) 4 Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test (GSM) 5 Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 6 Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 7 Frequency Spectrum Scanning (UMTS/LTE) 8 CDMA Network Interference Detection (GSM) 9 Reference Documents & Abbreviation

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 28

Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning Feature Description

Basic principles

To periodically measure the uplink receiving level of the specified

frequency in real time, you must specify the band range [f1, fk] to be
scanned and the tested carrier. The test timeslot is optional. If the timeslot is not specified, the carrier-level scanning is performed. If the test timeslot is specified, the channel-level scanning is performed.

Channel-level scanning: refers to the scanning of frequencies one


after another of the specified band by using the single timeslot of the single carrier.

Carrier-level scanning: refers to the scanning of frequencies one after another of the specified band by using all channels of the single carrier.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 29

Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning Feature Description

Channel-level scanning

Channel-level scanning interval: The round robin to multiple frequencies in the same timeslot is implemented.

Cell operating timeslot

Cell scanning timeslot

For the channel-level scanning, the tested carrier in the cell is out of service automatically; meanwhile, the timeslots of all carriers (including the BCCH carrier) in the cell where the tested carrier is located are out of service automatically. The timeslot downlink of the BCCH carrier is still available.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 30

Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning Feature Description

Carrier-level scanning

Carrier-level scanning interval: The round robin to multiple frequencies in all timeslots is implemented.

Cell scanning timeslot

For the carrier-level scanning, all non-BCCH carriers in the cell where the tested carrier is located are out of service automatically.

Page 31 Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning - Feature Description

Restrictions

Only one offline frequency spectrum scanning test can be performed simultaneously in one cell.
On the remote (Web LMT/M2000), multiple tests can be performed

simultaneously in multiple cells at a site.

In a remote test, the BTS sends information (large amount) to the


BSC through the RSL link. To ensure availability of the RSL link, the

information will be partially discarded when the link is congested.

On the SMT, only one offline frequency spectrum scanning test

can be performed at a site.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 32

Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning Operation Method (Remote)

Step 1: On the Monitor tab on the BSC6900 LMT, click GSM Monitoring in the Monitor Navigation Tree pane, and then double-click Spectrum Scan Monitoring. The Spectrum Scan Monitoring dialog box is displayed. In the Monitor Item dropdown list, select Off-line Spectrum Scan, and then specify relevant information as required. Click Submit. The remote offline spectrum scanning starts.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 33

Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning Operation Method (Remote) Continued


Step 2: After the remote offline spectrum scanning starts, the Spectrum Scan Monitoring page is displayed on the Monitor Data tab. The maximum and average levels of main and diversity are displayed. The reported frequency level ranges from -110 dBm to -47 dBm.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 34

Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning Operation Method (Local)


Step 1: Start the LMT for cell operations, and then double-click the Frequency Scan command on the right. In the displayed window, specify relevant information as required, and then click Start. The local offline spectrum scanning starts.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 35

Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning Operation Method (Local) Continued


Step 2: After the local offline spectrum scanning starts, the scanning data is displayed in the Frequency Scan Result Display window. The maximum and average levels of main and diversity are displayed. The reported frequency level ranges from 110 dBm to 47 dBm.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 36

Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information

2 Specification and Capacity


3 Offline Intermodulation Interference Test (GSM/UMTS/LTE) 4 Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test (GSM) 5 Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 6 Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 7 Frequency Spectrum Scanning (UMTS/LTE) 8 CDMA Network Interference Detection (GSM) 9 Reference Documents & Abbreviation

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 37

Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning - Feature Description

Basic principles

When the online frequency spectrum scanning starts, the system measures the uplink receiving level of the test frequency periodically. The frequency and occasion are calculated according to the frequency hopping sequence during normal operation. The scanning result is not affected by the normal operation of other carriers in the same timeslot in the cell, as shown in the following figure.

Carrier operating timeslot

Online scanning timeslot

Only the tested timeslot of tested carrier is out of service during the online frequency spectrum scanning.

Page 38 Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning - Feature Description

To ensure the normal service, the online frequency spectrum scanning test can be performed on only one channel in one carrier.

The test fails if the test does not meet the following conditions:
Only one online frequency spectrum scanning test can be performed simultaneously on one carrier.

There is no critical alarm in the corresponding module of the carrier. There is no LAPD alarm in the tested carrier.
The corresponding channel type of the tested timeslot must be TCHF, TCHH, or

PDCH.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 39

Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning - Operation Method


Step 1: Start the BSC6900 LMT for monitor operations, and then choose Monitor > GSM Monitor > Spectrum Scan Monitoring. The frequency spectrum time domain scanning starts.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 40

Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning - Operation Method (Continued)


Step 2: After the offline spectrum scanning starts, the Spectrum Scan Monitoring page is displayed on the Monitor Data tab. The maximum and average levels of main and diversity are displayed. The reported frequency level ranges from -110 dBm to -47 dBm.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 41

Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information

2 Specification and Capacity


3 Offline Intermodulation Interference Test (GSM/UMTS/LTE) 4 Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test (GSM) 5 Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 6 Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 7 Frequency Spectrum Scanning (UMTS/LTE) 8 CDMA Network Interference Detection (GSM) 9 Reference Documents & Abbreviation

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 42

Frequency Spectrum Scanning Feature Description

Scanning types

Online high-precision carrier scanning


Interference around the cell frequencies in use (including a few sidebands) is checked.

Online broadband carrier scanning


Continuous spectrums (including all frequencies in use, and intervals between these frequencies) in a certain range of spectrums are checked. Its scanning precision is lower than that of the online high-precision carrier scanning.

Full-band scanning
Services must be interrupted. It can scan all frequencies in the band range supported by the RF module. Its scanning spectrum width is greater than or equal to that of the online broadband carrier scanning, and its scanning precision is lower than that of the online high-precision carrier scanning.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 43

Frequency Spectrum Scanning Feature Description

Application scenarios
Typical Application Scenarios
There is a problem with the cell KPI. Collect information during the interference troubleshooting. Use the spectrum function to check whether there is external interference when problems are found during service verification at the site in the engineering phase. When there is a severe problem with the service KPI, the service is stopped. Collect interference information and ensure the precision.

Functions

Adverse Impact on Services (in this mode or other modes)


No adverse impact on local and peer services.

Advantages

Disadvantages

Online highprecision carrier scanning

Services are not interrupted. The amount of data is small and the precision is high. Services are not interrupted. Interfrequency interference can be observed.

Online broadband carrier scanning

No adverse impact on local and peer services.

The states of frequencies that are not in use cannot be observed. The precision is low.

Full-band scanning

Local and peer services are interrupted.

Wide scanning spectrum and high precision, without any adverse impact on services.

Services are interrupted (a request should be sent to the customer). The precision is low.

Note: Before the full-band scanning starts, all carriers on the RF module must be deactivated.
Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 44

Frequency Spectrum Scanning - Operation


Method (UMTS)-1
Step 1: In the Service navigation tree of the NodeB LMT, double-click FFT Frequency Scan. The FFT Frequency Scan dialog box is displayed. Set Cabinet No., Subrack No., and Slot No. to the numbers of the cabinet, subrack, and slot where the tested TRX board is located. Set Channel Type based on the application scenarios in section 2.1.2. Set Scanning Interval to the default value. Select Auto Save, and select a path for saving files, for example, D:\HW LMT\client\output.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 45

Frequency Spectrum Scanning - Operation


Method (UMTS)-2

Step 2: Click Yes in the Confirmation dialog box. The FFT frequency scanning starts. The
Chart tab displays the scanning result.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 46

Frequency Spectrum Scanning - Operation


Method (LTE)

Step: In the Service navigation tree of the NodeB LMT, double-click Spectrum Detect. In the displayed dialog box, select the scan mode, and set Cabinet No., Subrack No., and Slot No. to the numbers of the cabinet, subrack, and slot where the tested TRX board is located. Set other parameters to default values. Click Submit.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 47

Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information

2 Specification and Capacity


3 Offline Intermodulation Interference Test (GSM/UMTS/LTE) 4 Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test (GSM)

5 Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM)


6 Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM)
7 Frequency Spectrum Scanning (UMTS/LTE) 8 CDMA Network Interference Detection (GSM) 9 Reference Documents & Abbreviation

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 48

CDMA Network Interference Detection - Feature Description

Basic principles

The CDMA interference to the GSM uplink can be decreased by modifying the diminution factor of the tower mounted amplifier or adjustable attenuator in other receiving channels, which is called CDMA interference suppression. Delta: refers to the uplink receiving level average difference of the operating frequencies in the idle channels when the CDMA interference suppression is performed and not performed. The BTS determines whether the CDMA network interference occurs by comparing the Delta and the decision threshold. Operating frequencies for comparison: If the number of operating frequencies is greater than 8, 8 operating frequencies most adjacent to the CDMA band are used for the decision. Otherwise, all configured operating frequencies are used. If an operating frequency Delta exceeds the decision threshold, the CDMA network intermodulation exists. Otherwise, the CDMA network intermodulation does not exist.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 49

CDMA Network Interference Detection - Feature Description

Restrictions

Only one CDMA network interference detection can be performed simultaneously in one cell. Multiple tests can be performed simultaneously in multiple cells at a site.

During the test, the diminution factor of the tower mounted amplifier

and adjustable attenuator in other receiving channels will be modified,


which will temporarily reduce the capability of resisting CDMA network interference. However, the adverse impact on the service is low.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 50

CDMA Network Interference Detection - Operation Method


Step 1: Run STR BTSRFTST in the MML window of the BSC6900 LMT to start the CDMA network interference detection. Note: You can stop the test at any time by running STP BTSRFTS during the test.

Step 2: When the test is complete, the test result is displayed in the MML window, and the test result and the original data for achieving the result are saved in the OMU by the BSC for further analysis.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 51

Contents
Wireless Air Interface and RF Fault Detection
1. Background Information

2 Specification and Capacity


3 Offline Intermodulation Interference Test (GSM/UMTS/LTE) 4 Online Antenna Feeder PIM Test (GSM) 5 Offline Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 6 Online Frequency Spectrum Scanning (GSM) 7 Frequency Spectrum Scanning (UMTS/LTE) 8 CDMA Network Interference Detection (GSM) 9 Reference Documents & Abbreviation

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 52

Reference Documents
1. "Wireless Air Interface and RF Maintenance and Testing Guide" in Equipment Deployment Guide_GBSS13.0_BTS3900 Series Macro Base Stations 2. GSM BSS Network Performance KPI (Interference Problem) Optimization Manual 3. SingleRAN6.0 MBTS Equipment Deployment Guide Subject 14 RF Detection Capability Enhancement

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 53

Abbreviation

PIM: Passive Intermodulation

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 54

Thank you
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