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in Me di cine
Dr.T.V.R ao MD
e-Learnin g : T he C hal lenge fo r
Medi ci ne
Learning is the sharing or transfer of information
between two parties. Over the course of time,
many modalities and theories about learning
have been elucidated with varying degrees of
effectiveness. With an increasing prevalence of
computers in and out of the classroom and the
development of more sophisticated web-based
tools, knowledge transfer is increasing going
high-tech. Similar to prior methods of teaching
and learning, computer-based, e-Learning, has
its own set of problems and potential (Don ald M.
Voltz , MD)
Need f or C han ge i n E duc ati on
Change in Medical and Higher Education with respect to
the introduction and growth of e-learning. While the
ostensible aim is to use e-learning to improve the quality
of the learning experience for students, the drivers of
change are numerous.
Many of us working to improve student learning, and
seeking to exploit e-learning to do so, have to ride each
new wave of technological innovation in an attempt to
divert it from its more natural course of traditional type,
and drive it towards the quality agenda.
The C onc epts of M edi cal
Edu ca ti on is C han gi ng
Traditionally, medical education had as its
foundation a combination of didactic instruction
in the classroom and integrated, hands-on
"Socra tic Me thod " learning in the clinical
setting. Of late, there has been an increase in
the use of prob lem-ba sed l earn in g
dis cussi ons (PBLD 's ) in an effort to integrate
basic science knowledge and clinical decision
making with a goal of teaching critical decision
making skills to upcoming physicians and other
health care providers.
e-L ea rning
e-lear ning (or sometimes El ectro nic
Lear ning or e-Le arning ) is a term
which is commonly used, but does not
have a common definition. Most frequently
it seems to be used for web-based
distance education, with no face-to-face
interaction. However, also much broader
definitions are common.
e-l ear ning s up po rted by
Te chno logy
It may include all
types of technology-
enhanced learning
(TEL), where
technology is used to
support the learning
process. Although
pedagogy is usually
not part of the
definition, some
authors do include it
e-lea rnin g a com plex
me thod
It is often used
interchangeably with
various other related
terms, such as distance
learning, distributed
learning, and electronic
learning. The meaning of
the term also seems to
be dependent on the
context in which it is
used. In companies, it
often refers to the
strategies that use the
company network to
deliver training courses to
employees
Defin ition and scop e
e - learning is
commonly referred to
the intentional use of
networked
information and
communications
technology in
teaching and learning.
THI NK before to become a
e-lear ner
E-Learning is a Good
Thing
E- Lea rni ng i s not
“Onl in e Tra in in g
It’s utility is Value
worth time and
Manage the Learning
Processes
Why is e- learni ng im por tan t
for Stu den ts
Internet access to digital
versions of materials
unavailable locally
Internet access to search,
and transactional services
Interactive diagnostic or
adaptive tutorials
Remote control access to
local physical devices
Why is e- learni ng im por tan t
for Stu den ts
Personalised information
and guidance for learning
support
simulations or models of
scientific systems
Communications tools for
collaboration with other
students and teachers
Tools for creativity and
design
Why is e-learning important for
Students as complex matters can be
made simple
Virtual reality
environments for
development and
manipulation
Data analysis,
modelling or
organisation tools and
applications
Electronic devices to
assist disabled
learners
Differs from Peda gog y
Ped ag ogy is the art or
science of being a
teacher. The term
generally refers to
strategies of instruction,
or a style of instruction
In st ructional th eory is
a discipline that focuses
on how to structure
material for promoting
the education of human
beings, particularly youth
e - learning misses the Human
touch
Instructor's own
philosophical beliefs of
teaching are harboured
and governed by the
pupil's background
knowledge and
experiences, d
However e-teaching
misses several
experiences of the
teacher
What ‘e’ letter means
The letter “e” in e-learning stands for the
word electronic”, e-learning would
incorporate all educational activities that
are carried out by individuals or groups
working online or offline, and
synchronously or asynchronously via
networked or standalone computers and
other electronic devices.
Many constituents of e-
learning
Onl ine l earn in g
Virt ua l l ear nin g
Dis trib ut ed
learni ng
Netw ork and web
ba se d l ear nin g .
How eve r
Tec hnolo gy
be comes bi gg er
Ind ivi dual ize d s elf-pa ced
e-lear nin g
An individual learner is
accessing learning
resources such as a
database or course
content online via an
Intranet or the Internet
Learner studying alone or
conducting some
research on the Internet
or a local network
Ind ivi dua lize d s elf-pa ced e-
lea rn ing o fflin e
In this method an
individual learner is using
learning resources such
as a database or a
computer-assisted
learning package offline
(i.e., while not connected
to an Intranet or the
Internet).
Can be reading a DVD or
VCD
Gr oup -ba se d e- learn ing
sy nch ron ousl y
Groups of learners are
working together in real
time via an Intranet or
the Internet. It may
include text-based
conferencing, and one or
two-way audio and
videoconferencing
It can be real-time chat
or an audio-
videoconference
Can b e On lin e d is cu ssions
On-line discussions
via electronic mailing
lists and text-based
conferencing within
learning
managements
systems
Ga inin g A cc epta nce o f
Tea ch ers
Teachers are increasingly using
information and communications
technology to support their teaching. The
contemporary student population (often
called the “Net Generation”, or
“Millennial”) who have grown up using
information and communications
technology also expect to see it being
used in their educational experiences
(Brown, 2000;Oblinger, 2003; Oblinger
and Oblinger, 2005).
Flexib le op tion t o L earn er
The main advantage being its ability to
enable flexible access to information and
resources.
Flexible access refers to access and use of
information and resources at a time, place
and pace that is suitable and convenient
to individual learners rather than the
teacher and/or the educational
organization.
Ch angin g d ef inition s
It is important to realize that the term e-
learning is ambiguous. It is nearly
impossible to define what it is, as it has
different meanings to different people .
Furthermore, it is often used
interchangeably with various other related
terms, such as dista nc e learning ,
di st ribut ed lear ning , and electro nic
learning
ADVANTAGES OF e-TEACHING AID