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UC Troubleshooting
Cisco Confidential
Agenda
What this Course is? An environment where student can learn by doing (25% brief concise theory, 75% hands on labs)
UC Troubleshooting
Cisco Confidential
H.323
MGCP SIP
SCCP or Skinny
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Application of H.323
H.323 suite:
Peer-to-peer protocol Gateway configuration necessary because gateway must maintain dial plan and route pattern. Examples: Cisco VG224 Analog Phone Gateway (FXS only) and, Cisco 2800 Series and, Cisco 3800 Series routers.
Application of MGCP
MGCP:
Works in a client/server architecture Simplified configuration
PSTN MGCP
Q.931
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Q.921
Application of SIP
SIP:
Peer-to-peer protocol. Gateway configuration is necessary because the gateway must maintain a dial plan and route pattern. Examples: Cisco 2800 Series and Cisco 3800 Series routers.
PSTN
SIP Q.921
Q.931
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Application of SCCP
SCCP
Works in a client/server architecture. Simplified configuration. Cisco Unified Communications Manager maintains a dial plan and route patterns. Examples: Cisco VG224 (FXS only) and, Cisco VG248 Analog Voice Gateways, Cisco ATA 186, and Cisco 2800 Series with routers FXS ports.
PSTN
SCCP
SCCP Endpoint
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MGCP Registration
The gateway boots up.
A TCP connection is opened. Restart in Progress (RSIP) informs Cisco Unified CallManager that gateway is being brought into service. Acknowledgment (ACK)
TCP RSIP
TCP
OK AUEP OK RQNT
Acknowledgment (ACK) Cisco Unified CallManager sends an Audit Endpoint (AUEP) per endpoint. Cisco Unified CallManager sends a Request Notify (RQNT) per endpoint.
Acknowledgment (ACK)
OK
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17 17 17 17
(elapsed time: 1:41:10) (elapsed time: 00:00:22) from (10.1.1.2) from (10.1.1.1)
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Enum Definitions -Reason Code [Optional]. Value 1 Unknown 2 NoEntryInDatabase 3 DatabaseConfigurationError 4 DeviceNameUnresolveable 5 MaxDevRegExceeded 6 ConnectivityError 7 InitializationError 8 DeviceInitiatedReset 9 CallManagerReset 10
UC Troubleshooting
Definition
DeviceUnregistered
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show ccm-manager
Displays a list of Cisco Unified CallManager servers and their current status and availability
Pod1HQ#
Displays information for active connections that are controlled using MGCP
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debug mgcp [all | errors | endpoint endpoint-name | media | nas | packets | parser | src | voipcac]
Enables debugging messages for MGCP errors, endpoints, events, media, packets, parser, and CAC
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PRI
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Pod1HQ#show version
Cisco IOS Software, 3700 Software (C3725-IPVOICEK9-M), Version 12.4(6)T5, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2006 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Fri 06-Oct-06 20:16 by kellythw
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Enables PRI backhauling of the Q931 signaling Enabled MGCP for the analog port
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The H.323/SIP gateway requires that dial peers be configured to create the dial plan on the gateway.
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Endpoint
Endpoint
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Verify the technology prefix. Registration issues can result if this does not match on the endpoint.
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The configured gatekeeper to use when sending call across the trunk Technology prefix matches technology prefix on gatekeeper Zone name must match configured zone on gatekeeper; case matters
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Gather Facts: Verify Gateway Configuration That Can Affect Registration (Cont.)
interface Loopback 0
Verify that the IP address of the gatekeeper is correct.
ip address 10.1.250.101 255.255.255.0 h323-gateway voip interface h323-gateway voip id HQ-1 ipaddr 10.1.250.101 1718 h323-gateway voip h323-id HQGateway-1 h323-gateway voip tech-prefix 1# h323-gateway voip bind srcaddr 10.1.250.101
Verify IP address that H.323 messages will be sourced from is allowed to register with the gatekeeper.
dial-peer voice 1 voip ! dial-peer voice 2 pots destination-pattern 1611 port 1/1/1 no register e164 destination-pattern .... session target ras
gateway
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value RasMessage ::= registrationReject : { requestSeqNum 5 protocolIdentifier { 0 0 8 2250 0 4 } rejectReason discoveryRequired : NULL
}.
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requestSeqNum 2829
protocolIdentifier { 0 0 8 2250 0 3 } rejectReason REJECT REASON:Duplicate Alias
gatekeeperIdentifier {HQ-1"}
}
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X
gatekeeper#show gatekeeper endpoint GATEKEEPER ENDPOINT REGISTRATION ================================ CallSignalAddr 10.1.250.101 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 Port 1720 1720 1720 RASSignalAddr 10.1.250.101 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 Port Zone Name Type Flags VOIP-GW VOIP-GW VOIP-GW --------------- ----- --------------- ----- --------- ---- ----50890 HQ-1 50890 HQ-1 50890 HQ-1 H323-ID: HQGateway-1
Problem report: Endpoints are registered but not able to make calls.
H323-ID: CCM1_1
H323-ID: CCM1_2
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Gather facts:
Verify connectivity between endpoints show gatekeeper endpoint show gatekeeper zone status debug h225 asn1 debug ras
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Where to start?
1.
2.
Obtain Detailed Problem Description: Time of events, calling/called #, IP phones Device name(SEPMacAddress) In the CCM trace, use the MAC or IP address to find the IP phones keepalive message, this will yield the TCP handle for this device.
12/29/2003 14:49:01.602 CCM|StationInit - InboundStim - KeepAliveMessage Send KeepAlive to Device Controller. DeviceName=SEP003094C37F47, TCPHandle=000000046, IPAddr=172.16.240.11, Port=49888, Device Controller=[1,89,40]|<CLID::EDPUB-Cluster><NID::172.16.240.119> <CT::1,100,90,1.85832><IP::172.16.240.11><DEV::SEP003094C37F47>
3.
FYI: StationInit is an inbound skinny msg to CM, while StationD is an outbound msg from CM. Follow the TCP handle throughout the CCM trace for all events on this phone.
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CFwdNoAnswer = 7
BackSpace = 8 EndCall = 9
GrpCallPickUp = 18
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Media_Payload_GSM_Full_Rate = 18,
Media_Payload_GSM_Half_Rate = 19, Media_Payload_GSM_Enhanced_Full_Rate = 20, Media_Payload_Wide_Band_256k = 25, Media_Payload_Data64 = 32, Media_Payload_Data56 = 33, Media_Payload_GSM = 80, Media_Payload_ActiveVoice = 81, Media_Payload_G726_32K = 82, Media_Payload_G726_24K = 83, Media_Payload_G726_16K = 84,
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Call Flow #1
2000 calls 2001 and the call established. 2001 puts 2000 on hold. 2000 hears MOH. 2001 takes 2000 off hold. 2001 blind transfers the call to 2002. 2002 answers and the call is established.
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46 42 Call
44
MOH x2000
x2002
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Cisco CM
Cisco IP Phone 2
User Information Exchange Station On Hook Station Set Lamp (Off) Station Close Receive Channel Station Stop Media Xmission
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Digit analysis: match(fqcn="2000", cn="2000", pss="Line 1:Line 2:Local_Dial:Long_Distance_Dial:International_Dial:Internal", dd="200") Digit analysis: potentialMatches=PotentialMatchesExist
StationInit: 000000046 KeypadButton kpButton=1 Digit analysis: match(fqcn="2000", cn="2000", pss="Line 1:Line 2:Local_Dial:Long_Distance_Dial:International_Dial:Internal", dd="2001")
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|VoiceMailPilotNumber=
|DisplayName= |RouteBlockFlag=RouteThisPattern |InterceptPartition= |InterceptPattern= |InterceptWhere= |InterceptSdlProcessId=(0,0,0) |InterceptSsType=0 |InterceptSsKey=0
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StationD: 000000044 DisplayPromptStatus timeOutValue=0 promptStatus=' 2000' content='From 2000' lineInstance=1 callReference=16777265 ver=0x80000004
StationD: 000000044 SelectSoftKeys instance=1 reference=16777265 softKeySetIndex=3 validKeyMask=-1
- In the mean time, CM tells the calling phone (2000) to change softkeys, play ringback tone, and more.
StationD: StationD: StationD: StationD: StationD: 000000046 CallState callState=12 lineInstance=1 callReference=16777264 000000046 CallInfo callingPartyName='' callingParty=2000 cgpnVoiceMailbox= 000000046 DialedNumber dialedNumber=2001 lineInstance=1 callReference=16777264 000000046 StartTone tone=36(AlertingTone), direction=0 000000046 CallState callState=3 lineInstance=1 callReference=16777264
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- CM tells 2000 to stop ringback and 2001 to stop ringing. Then sends OpenReceiveChannel to both phones.
StationD: 000000046 StopTone StationD: 000000046 OpenReceiveChannel conferenceID=0 passThruPartyID=1000201 millisecondPacketSize=20 compressionType=4(Media_Payload_G711Ulaw64k) qualifierIn=?. myIP: bf010ac (172.16.240.11) StationD: 000000044 StopTone StationD: 000000044 OpenReceiveChannel conferenceID=0 passThruPartyID=1000211 millisecondPacketSize=20 compressionType=4(Media_Payload_G711Ulaw64k) qualifierIn=?. myIP: 57f010ac (172.16.240.87)
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- CM receives OpenReceiveChannelAck from both phones, cuts through audio rtp streams between the phones.
StationInit: 000000046 OpenReceiveChannelAck Status=0, IpAddr=0xbf010ac, Port=27686, PartyID=16777729 StationD: 000000044 StartMediaTransmission conferenceID=0 passThruPartyID=1000211 remoteIpAddress=bf010ac(172.16.240.11) remotePortNumber=27686 milliSecondPacketSize=20 compressType=4(Media_Payload_G711Ulaw64k) qualifierOut=?. myIP: 57f010ac (172.16.240.87) StationInit: 000000044 OpenReceiveChannelAck Status=0, IpAddr=0x57f010ac, Port=30432, PartyID=16777745 StationD: 000000046 StartMediaTransmission conferenceID=0 passThruPartyID=1000201 remoteIpAddress=57f010ac(172.16.240.87) remotePortNumber=30432 milliSecondPacketSize=20 compressType=4(Media_Payload_G711Ulaw64k) qualifierOut=?. myIP: bf010ac (172.16.240.11)
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- 2001 takes the call off hold by pressing the Resume softkey.
StationInit: 000000044 SoftKeyEvent softKeyEvent=10(Resume) lineInstance=1 callReference=16777265
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StationD: 000000044 DisplayPromptStatus timeOutValue=0 promptStatus=' ' content='Hold' lineInstance=1 callReference=16777265 ver=0x80000004
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- CM opens the 2nd call on 2001s line 1 to transfer the call, provides dial -tone.
StationD: 000000044 CallState callState=1 lineInstance=1 callReference=16777268
StationD: 000000044 DisplayPromptStatus timeOutValue=0 promptStatus=' ' content='Enter Number' lineInstance=1 callReference=16777268 ver=0x80000004 StationD: StationD: StationD: 000000044 SelectSoftKeys instance=1 reference=16777268 softKeySetIndex=9 validKeyMask=-1 000000044 ActivateCallPlane lineInstance=1 000000044 StartTone tone=33(InsideDialTone), direction=0
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|VoiceMailPilotNumber= |DisplayName= |RouteBlockFlag=RouteThisPattern |InterceptPartition= |InterceptPattern= |InterceptWhere= |InterceptSdlProcessId=(0,0,0) |InterceptSsType=0 |InterceptSsKey=0 |WithTags= |WithValues= |CgpnPresentation=NotSelected |CallManagerDeviceType=UserDevice |AlternateMatches= Information Not Available
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StationD: 000000042 DisplayPromptStatus timeOutValue=0 promptStatus=' 2001' content='From 2001' lineInstance=1 callReference=16777269 ver=0x80000004 StationD: 000000042 SelectSoftKeys instance=1 reference=16777269 softKeySetIndex=3 validKeyMask=-1
- 2001 completes the transfer by pressing the transfer softkey a second time.
StationInit: 000000044 SoftKeyEvent softKeyEvent=4(Trnsfer) lineInstance=1 callReference=16777268
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- Finally, 2002 accepts the incoming call by pressing the answer softkey.
StationInit: 000000042 OffHook
- The media setup between 2000 and 2002 is similar to the media setup shown earlier in the initial call between 2000 and 2001.
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QUIZZ TIME!
Question 1.
Which Call Trace provide more detailed information? A) SDI
B) SDL
Question 2.
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QUIZZ TIME!
Question 3.
Which is the command to troubleshoot gatekeeper? A) Debug h225 asn1
Question 4.
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Inbound call from the PSTN over PRI on an H323 gateway. The calling number is (408) 555-1212 and the called number is 2001 (IP Phone). 2001s TCP handle is 000000007. Make note of the callref so you can follow the H225 messages in the trace. Note: the call reference increases by 8 depending on the direction (ie. inbound is 0x0008 so outbound is 0x8008 or inbound is 00 07 and outbound is 80 07).
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Cisco CallManager
Station Call Info Station Set Lamp (Blink) Station Set Ringer (On) Station Off Hook Station Set Lamp (Steady) Station Set Ringer (Off)
Cisco IP Phone
Conversation
Station On Hook Station Stop Media Transmission Station Stop Media Reception Station Set Lamp (Off)
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Cisco CallManager
Cisco IP Phone
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00:42:12:
00:42:12:
IsdnMsgData1= 08 02 00 07 05 04 03 90
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Cisco CallManager
Station Call Info Station Set Lamp (Blink) Station Set Ringer (On)
Cisco IP Phone
H.225 Alerting
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Cisco CallManager
Station Call Info Station Set Lamp (Blink) Station Set Ringer (On) Station Off Hook Station Set Lamp (Steady) Station Set Ringer (Off)
Cisco IP Phone
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Cisco CallManager
Station Call Info Station Set Lamp (Blink) Station Set Ringer (On) Station Off Hook Station Set Lamp (Steady) Station Set Ringer (Off)
Cisco IP Phone
Conversation
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Cisco CallManager
Station Call Info Station Set Lamp (Blink) Station Set Ringer (On) Station Off Hook Station Set Lamp (Steady) Station Set Ringer (Off)
Cisco IP Phone
Conversation
Station On Hook Station Stop Media Transmission Station Stop Media Reception Station Set Lamp (Off)
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- CM sends a H245 request to close logical channel to the voice gateway and receives a close logical channel ack.
H245ASN - TtPid=(1,100,108,1) -Outgoing -value MultimediaSystemControlMessage ::= request : closeLogicalChannel : H245ASN - TtPid=(1,100,108,1) -Incoming -value MultimediaSystemControlMessage ::= response : closeLogicalChannelAck :
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00:42:25: ISDN Se0/0:23: RX <- RELEASE pd = 8 callref = 0x0008 00:42:25: ISDN Se0/0:23: TX -> RELEASE_COMP pd = 8 callref = 0x8008
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Forwarding Calls
What do I look for when calls are forwarded to another extension?
- Look for ForwardManager activities, right after the initial digit analysis of the original called number. Then you should see what kind of forwarding it is (CFA, CFNA, CFB) with forwarded number. Lastly you should see CM performing digit analysis again for the forwarded number. In this case, 2000 called 2001, 2001 has CFA set to 2002.
Digit analysis: match(fqcn="2000", cn="2000", pss="Line 1:Line 2:Local_Dial:Long_Distance_Dial:International_Dial:Internal", dd="2001") ForwardManager - wait_SsInterceptInd Received - Party= 0x1000038, InterceptKey= 0x2 ForwardManager - findInterceptTableEntry(ssKey) - Found Intercept table entry for dn= 2001:Line 1, InterceptKey= 0x2,0x2 ForwardManager::findActivationEntryBySsParty ForwardManager::getNextForwardActiveCallIndex ForwardManager - wait_SsInterceptInd - New Forward or Call Pickup started for Dn= 2001:Line 1. Party= 0x1000038, InterceptKey= 0x2, CallKey= 0x1 Forwarding::callForwardAllSet Forwarding - awaitForwardInitiation_SsInterceptInd - 1 CFA attempted. CallKey= 0x1 Forwarding::callForwardAllDestinationAvailable Forwarding::redirectCallToForwardAllDestination Forwarding - redirectCallToForwardAllDestination - Last Forward - Dn= 2002, CallKey= 0x1
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- Digit analysis is then performed on the forwarded call. The trace is similar to call flow 1 presented earlier. Digit analysis: match(fqcn="2000", cn="2000", pss="Internal:Line 2:Line 1:Local_Dial:Long_Distance_Dial", dd="2002")
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