Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Jennifer Nyland, PhD Office: Bldg#1, Room B10 Phone: 733-1586 Email: jnyland@uscmed.sc.edu
Teaching objectives
To compare and contrast immunogen, antigen & hapten To describe the factors influencing immunogenicity To define the chemical nature of immunogens To compare the structures of T-independent and Tdependent antigens To introduce the concept of hapten-carrier conjugates and their structure To characterize antigenic determinants To define superantigens
Cellular components
Humoral components
Cellular components
Humoral components
Vocabulary
Immunogen Antigen (Ag) Hapten Epitope or antigenic determinant Antibody (Ab)
Contribution of immunogen
Method of administration
Age
Adjuvant
Substances that enhance immune response to Ag
Antigens: T-independent
Activate B cells without MHC class II T help Polysaccharides Properties
Polymeric structure Polyclonal B cell activation, but poor memory Resistance to degradation
Examples
Pneumococcal polysaccharide, LPS Flagella
Antigens: T-dependent
Require T help to activate B cells Proteins Structure Examples
Microbial proteins Non-self or altered-self proteins
Hapten-carrier conjugates
Definition
Ag only if bound to carrier protein
Structure
Native determinants Haptenic determinants
Size
4-8 residues
Size
8-15 residues
Number
Limited to those that can bind MHC
Superantigens
Definition
T cell
TCR Ag MHC APC MHC APC
T cell
TCR
Examples
Staphlycoccal enterotoxins Toxic shock toxin